乔布斯传 第421期:消灭兼容机(3)

 Apple resisted licensing¹ out the Macintosh operating system until 1994, 苹果一直拒绝把麦金塔的操作系统授权出去，直到1994年，

when CEO Michael Spindler allowed two small companies, Power Computing² and Radius³, to make Macintosh clones. CEO迈克尔·斯平德勒允许了两家小公司，Power Computing和Radius，生产麦金塔兼容机。

When Gil Amelio took over in 1996, he added Motorola to the list. 1996年吉尔·阿梅里奥接管公司后，又增加了摩托罗拉。

It turned out to be a dubious⁴ business strategy: 结果表明这是一个值得怀疑的商业战略：

Apple got an $80 licensing fee for each computer sold, but instead of expanding the market, 每卖出一台兼容机，苹果收取80美元的授权费，但是这些兼容机并没有让苹果扩大市场，

the cloners cannibalized the sales of Apple's own high-end computers, on which it made up to $500 in profit. 反而挤压了苹果自己的髙端计算机销售，而卖出一台苹果电脑的利润能达到500美元。

Jobs's objections to the cloning program were not just economic, however. 然而乔布斯反对兼容机项目还不仅仅是出于经济上的考虑。

He had an inbred aversion to it. One of his core principles was that hardware and software should be tightly integrated. 他打心眼儿里反感这种做法。他的核心原则之一就是硬件和软件应该紧密结合。

He loved to control all aspects of his life, 他喜欢控制产品的所有方面，

and the only way to do that with computers was to take responsibility for the user experience from end to end. 而唯一的方式就是制造全套设备，全方面负责用户体验。

So upon his return to Apple he made killing⁵ the Macintosh clones a priority. 因此一回到苹果，他就把消灭兼容机作为首要任务之一。

1 licensing   

v.批准，许可，颁发执照( license的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• A large part of state regulation consists of occupational licensing. 大部分州的管理涉及行业的特许批准。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
• That licensing procedures for projects would move faster. 这样的工程批准程序一定会加快。 来自辞典例句

2 computing   

n.计算

参考例句：

• to work in computing 从事信息处理
• Back in the dark ages of computing, in about 1980, they started a software company. 早在计算机尚未普及的时代（约1980年），他们就创办了软件公司。

3 radius   

n.半径，半径范围；有效航程，范围，界限

参考例句：

• He has visited every shop within a radius of two miles.周围两英里以内的店铺他都去过。
• We are measuring the radius of the circle.我们正在测量圆的半径。

4 dubious   

adj.怀疑的，无把握的；有问题的，靠不住的

参考例句：

• What he said yesterday was dubious.他昨天说的话很含糊。
• He uses some dubious shifts to get money.他用一些可疑的手段去赚钱。

5 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。