时代周刊 新一轮核游戏 成败在此一举(5)

The new warhead, known as a tactical nuclear weapon,

这种被称为战术型核武器的新型弹头

would be delivered by a submarine-launched missile against an advancing army.

将被安装到潜射发射的导弹上对前进的军队发射。

It differs from a strategic weapon, which is designed to destroy cities and hardened military targets.

这种武器与旨在摧毁城市和顽固的军事目标的战略核武器不同。

America needs battlefield nukes, the Trump¹ team says, to match and deter² adversaries’ tactical arsenals³.

特朗普团队表示，美国需要战场型核武器来配合和威慑对手的战术武库。

In an escalating⁴ fight with Russia or China,

在与俄罗斯或中国不断升级的斗争中，

the U.S. military could engage in a “limited nuclear war”

美国军方可能会参与“有限的核战争”，

rather than leveling whole cities with strategic weapons.

而不是用战略武器将大量城市夷为平地。

Air Force General Paul Selva, vice⁵ chairman of the Joint⁶ Chiefs of Staff, tells TIME the President needs options.

空军将军兼参谋长联席会议副主席保罗·塞尔瓦向本刊透露，总统需要选择。

Trump and his successors should not face a choice between killing⁷ millions of civilians⁹ or backing down, he says.

他说，特朗普和他的继任者不应该面临杀害数百万平民还是退缩的选择。

“It makes people uncomfortable to hear about nuclear war–fighting

塞尔瓦说：“听到有关核战争的消息

and presenting options to the President, whomever that person might be,” Selva says.

或者向总统——无论总统是谁——提供选择的消息，民众都会感到不适。”

“Strategic stability in the world between our nuclear competitors and our nuclear peers has been assumed.

“假定在核问题上，我们的竞争者和我们的同行采取的战略都具有稳定性。

It is not a birthright.”

这并非与生俱来的权利。”

Trump’s new plan also expands the President’s “first use” of nuclear weapons

特朗普的新计划还将总统对核武器的“首次使用”

to circumstances that include “nonnuclear strategic attacks” against the U.S. or its allies.

延伸到包括针对美国或其盟友的“非核战略袭击”的情况。

That could mean cyberattacks on nuclear command and control systems or civilian⁸ infrastructure¹⁰,

这可能意味着出现针对核武器指挥控制系统或民用基础设施的网络攻击，

like the electricity grid¹¹ or air-traffic-control system, armscontrol experts have concluded.

如电网或空中交通管制系统，武器控制专家如是总结到。

Previous Administrations limited the threat of a nuclear response to mass-casualty events,

此前，各届政府都将核武器的应用限制在了受到大规模伤亡威胁的情形，

like chemical- and biological-weapon attacks.

如遇到化学武器或生物武器袭击。

Stephen Schwartz, a nuclear weapons policy expert,

核武器政策专家史蒂芬施瓦茨说，

said the key concern is the expansion of the nuclear umbrella to “include these new and not extreme possibilities,

关键的问题是将核保护伞扩大到“覆盖这些新出现但并不极端的可能性，

thus dramatically lowering the threshold for nuclear use.”

从而大大降低核用途的门槛。”

The Trump plan also takes a new, skeptical¹² approach to nuclear arms-control agreements.

特朗普计划对核武器控制协议也采取了一种新的怀疑态度。

In the 2018 Pentagon budget, Trump included funding for the development of a new missile.

在2018年五角大楼预算中，特朗普将纳入了开发新型导弹的资金。

If tested or deployed¹³, the missile would violate a 30-year-old arms-control pact¹⁴ with Russia,

如果对其进行测试或部署，该导弹就违反了美国和俄国订立的一项有效期长达30年的军控协议——

the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty.

中程核武（INF）条约。

Unlike his predecessors¹⁵, Trump is directly confronting Russia’s prior violation¹⁶ of the treaty,

与前任总统们不同，特朗普对俄罗斯先违反条约的行为进行了直接对抗，

says David Trachtenberg, Defense¹⁷ Undersecretary for Policy, who helped oversee¹⁸ the new plan.

协助监督新计划的国防部副部长戴维·特劳滕伯格说。

“The world is not as benign¹⁹ as some hoped it would be,” he says.

“世界并不像某些人希望的那样美好，”他说。

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 deter   

vt.阻止，使不敢，吓住

参考例句：

• Failure did not deter us from trying it again.失败并没有能阻挡我们再次进行试验。
• Dogs can deter unwelcome intruders.狗能够阻拦不受欢迎的闯入者。

3 arsenals   

n.兵工厂，军火库( arsenal的名词复数 )；任何事物的集成

参考例句：

• We possess-each of us-nuclear arsenals capable of annihilating humanity. 我们两国都拥有能够毁灭全人类的核武库。 来自辞典例句
• Arsenals are factories that produce weapons. 军工厂是生产武器的工厂。 来自互联网

4 escalating   

v.（使）逐步升级( escalate的现在分词 )；（使）逐步扩大；（使）更高；（使）更大

参考例句：

• The cost of living is escalating. 生活费用在迅速上涨。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The cost of living is escalating in the country. 这个国家的生活费用在上涨。 来自辞典例句

5 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

6 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

7 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

8 civilian   

adj.平民的，民用的，民众的

参考例句：

• There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
• He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。

9 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

10 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

11 grid   

n.高压输电线路网；地图坐标方格；格栅

参考例句：

• In this application,the carrier is used to encapsulate the grid.在这种情况下，要用载体把格栅密封起来。
• Modern gauges consist of metal foil in the form of a grid.现代应变仪则由网格形式的金属片组成。

12 skeptical   

adj.怀疑的，多疑的

参考例句：

• Others here are more skeptical about the chances for justice being done.这里的其他人更为怀疑正义能否得到伸张。
• Her look was skeptical and resigned.她的表情是将信将疑而又无可奈何。

13 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

14 pact   

n.合同，条约，公约，协定

参考例句：

• The two opposition parties made an electoral pact.那两个反对党订了一个有关选举的协定。
• The trade pact between those two countries came to an end.那两国的通商协定宣告结束。

15 predecessors   

n.前任( predecessor的名词复数 )；前辈；（被取代的）原有事物；前身

参考例句：

• The new government set about dismantling their predecessors' legislation. 新政府正着手废除其前任所制定的法律。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Will new plan be any more acceptable than its predecessors? 新计划比原先的计划更能令人满意吗？ 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 violation   

n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯

参考例句：

• He roared that was a violation of the rules.他大声说，那是违反规则的。
• He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。

17 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

18 oversee   

vt.监督，管理

参考例句：

• Soldiers oversee the food handouts.士兵们看管着救济食品。
• Use a surveyor or architect to oversee and inspect the different stages of the work.请一位房产检视员或建筑师来监督并检查不同阶段的工作。

19 benign   

adj.善良的，慈祥的；良性的，无危险的

参考例句：

• The benign weather brought North America a bumper crop.温和的气候给北美带来大丰收。
• Martha is a benign old lady.玛莎是个仁慈的老妇人。