【突破英文词汇】under -- beneath 在……下

1. underbrush /ˈʌndəbrʌʃ/

-- shrubs¹, bushes, etc., growing beneath large trees in a forest; undergrowth

On its way through the dense² jungle, the patrol had to be constantly wary³ of enemy soldiers concealed⁴ in the underbrush.

在穿过浓密丛林的路上，巡逻队必须时刻提防隐藏在矮树丛中的敌军。

 

 

2. undergraduate /ˌʌndəˈɡrædjuit/

-- (literally, "lower than a graduate") a student in a college or university who has not yet earned his first degree

Most undergraduates take four years to earn a degree, but some achieve it sooner by attending summer sessions.

大多数大学生必须花四年获得学位，但有一些学生参加暑假班就可提前获得。

 

 

3. underpayment /'ʌndɚ'pemənt/

-- insufficient⁵ payment

If too little is deducted⁶ from Dad's weekly wages for income tax, it results in an underpayment at the 

end of the year.

如果父亲所得税的减免额太少，今年年底就会发生不够缴付的结果。

 

 

4. undersigned /ˈʌndəˌsaɪnd/

-- person or persons who sign at the end of (literally, "under") a letter or document

Among the undersigned in the petition the governor were some of the most prominent persons in the state.

向州长提出请愿书的一些署名者中，有一些是州内最杰出的人士。

 

 

5. understatement /ˌʌndəˈsteɪtmənt/

-- a statement below the truth; a restrained statement in mocking contrast to what might be said

Frank's remark that he was "slightly bruises⁷" in the accident is an understatement; he suffered two 

fractured ribs⁸.

弗兰克说他在车祸中只受了轻微瘀伤是轻描淡写，其实他两根肋骨骨折。

 

 

6. understudy /ˈʌndəstʌdi/

-- one who "studies under" and learns the part of a regular performer so as to be his substitute if necessary

While the star is recuperating⁹ from her illness, her role will be played by her understudy.

当明星正在休养恢复健康时，她的角色由候补演员代替。

 

 

7. underscore /ˌʌndəˈskɔ:/

-- draw a line beneath; emphasize

When we take notes, our teacher wants us to underscore items that are especially important.

当我们记笔记时，老师要我们在特别重要的项目下划线。

 

 

8. undersell /ˈʌndəˈsel/

-- sell at a lower price than 

When discount houses tried to undersell department stores, the latter reduced priced too and adopted the slogan "We will not be undersold."

当折扣商店尝试将售价降得低于百货商场时，百货商场也降了价，同时采用了这个口号：“别人不会比我们便宜。”

 

 

9. underdeveloped /ˌʌndədɪˈveləpt/

-- insufficiently¹⁰ developed because of a lack of capital and trained personnel for exploiting natural resourses

Our country has spent billions of dollars to help the underdeveloped nations improve their standard of living.

我们国家已花了好几十亿元去帮助发展落后的国家，改善他们的生活水平。

 

 

10. underprivileged /ˈʌndəˈprivilidʒd/

-- insufficiently privileged; deprived through social or economic oppression of some of the fundamental rights supposed to belong to all

The underprivileged child from the crowed slum tenement¹¹ has many more problems to overcome than the child from the middle class home.

来自拥挤的贫民窟中的穷孩子比中产阶级的孩子有更多的问题要克服。

1 shrubs   

灌木( shrub的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The gardener spent a complete morning in trimming those two shrubs. 园丁花了整个上午的时间修剪那两处灌木林。
• These shrubs will need more light to produce flowering shoots. 这些灌木需要更多的光照才能抽出开花的新枝。

2 dense   

a.密集的，稠密的，浓密的；密度大的

参考例句：

• The general ambushed his troops in the dense woods. 将军把部队埋伏在浓密的树林里。
• The path was completely covered by the dense foliage. 小路被树叶厚厚地盖了一层。

3 wary   

adj.谨慎的，机警的，小心的

参考例句：

• He is wary of telling secrets to others.他谨防向他人泄露秘密。
• Paula frowned,suddenly wary.宝拉皱了皱眉头，突然警惕起来。

4 concealed   

a.隐藏的，隐蔽的

参考例句：

• The paintings were concealed beneath a thick layer of plaster. 那些画被隐藏在厚厚的灰泥层下面。
• I think he had a gun concealed about his person. 我认为他当时身上藏有一支枪。

5 insufficient   

adj.(for，of)不足的，不够的

参考例句：

• There was insufficient evidence to convict him.没有足够证据给他定罪。
• In their day scientific knowledge was insufficient to settle the matter.在他们的时代，科学知识还不能足以解决这些问题。

6 deducted   

v.扣除，减去( deduct的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The cost of your uniform will be deducted from your wages. 制服费将从你的工资中扣除。
• The cost of the breakages will be deducted from your pay. 损坏东西的费用将从你的工资中扣除。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 bruises   

n.瘀伤，伤痕，擦伤( bruise的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He was covered with bruises after falling off his bicycle. 他从自行车上摔了下来，摔得浑身伤痕。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The pear had bruises of dark spots. 这个梨子有碰伤的黑斑。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 ribs   

n.肋骨( rib的名词复数 )；（船或屋顶等的）肋拱；肋骨状的东西；（织物的）凸条花纹

参考例句：

• He suffered cracked ribs and bruising. 他断了肋骨还有挫伤。
• Make a small incision below the ribs. 在肋骨下方切开一个小口。

9 recuperating   

v.恢复（健康、体力等），复原( recuperate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• He's still recuperating from his operation. 他动了手术，还在恢复。
• He is recuperating from a serious back injury. 他背部受了重伤，目前正在康复中。 来自辞典例句

10 insufficiently   

adv.不够地，不能胜任地

参考例句：

• Your insurance card is insufficiently stamped. 你的保险卡片未贴足印花。 来自辞典例句
• Many of Britain's people are poorly dressed, badly housed, insufficiently nourished. 许多英国人衣着寒伧，居住简陋，营养不良。 来自互联网

11 tenement   

n.公寓；房屋

参考例句：

• They live in a tenement.他们住在廉价公寓里。
• She felt very smug in a tenement yard like this.就是在个这样的杂院里，她觉得很得意。