Insurance 保险

Insurance
     保险
     It is customary to insure goods sold for export against the perils¹ of the transport. In international trade, the transportation of goods from the seller to the buyer is generally over a long distance by air, land or sea and has to go through the procedures of loading, unloading and storing. During this process it is quite possible that the goods will encounter various kinds of perils and sometimes suffer losses. In order to protect the goods against possible loss in case of such perils, the buyer or seller before the transportation of the goods usually applies to an insurance company for insurance covering the goods in transit².
     As a large percentage of the trade in and out of our country goes by ship, what mainly concerns us is still the Marine³ Insurance.

     Specimen⁴ Letters

1. Importer Asks Exporter to Cover Insurance
     进口商请出口商代办保险

Dear Sirs,

Re: Our Order No. 101. Your S/C No. 013 covering 500 cases Electronic Toys

     We wish to refer you to our Order No. 101 for 500 cases Electronic Toys, from which you will see that this order was placed on CFR basis.

     As we now desire to have the consignment⁵ insured at your end, we shall be much pleased if you will kindly⁶ arrange to insure the same on our behalf against All Risks at invoice⁷ value plus 10%, i.e. U.S $2,200.00.

     We shall of course refund⁸ the premium⁹ to you upon receipt of your debit¹⁰ note or, if you like, you may draw on us at sight for the same.

     We sincerely hope that our request will meet with your approval.

     Yours faithfully,

     Notes

1. CFR 价格术语 cost and freight 的缩写，成本加运费价

2. insure v.t. v.i. 保险；投保
     Please insure the goods against all risks and war risk. 请将此货投保一切险和战争险。
     Please insure against breakage. 请投保破碎险。
     insurance n. 保险
     insurance agents 保险代理人
     insurance amount 保（险）额
     insurance certificate 保险凭证
     insurance company 保险公司
     insurance coverage¹¹ 保险范围
     在表示"投保"，"办理保险"时 ，常与 insurance 搭配的动词或动词词组有：
     to arrange insurance
     to cover insurance
     to effect insurance
     to provide insurance
     to take out insurance
     说明保险情况时，insurance 后接介词的一般用法：
     表示所保的货物，后接 on，如 insurance on the 100 tons of wool;
     表示投保的险别，后接 against，如 insurance against all risks;
     表示保额，后接for，如 insurance for 110% of the invoice value;
     表示保险费或保险费率，后接 at，如 insurance at a slightly higher premium, insurance at the rate of 5%;
     表示向保险公司投保，后接 with，如 insurance with the People's Insurance Company of China.
     We have covered insurance on the 100 metric tons of wool for 110% of the invoice value against all risks. 我们已将100吨羊毛按发票金额的110%投保一切险。

3. all risks 一切险；它是中国人民保险公司制定的中国保险条款 (China Insurance Clauses, 略作 CIC或C.I.C.) 中的海洋运输货物保险条款所包括的三个基本险别之一，其它两个险别为：
     平安险: Free from Particular Average, 缩写为：F.P.A. 或 FPA
     水渍险: With Particular Average, 缩写：W.P.A. 或 WPA
     除以上三个基本险别外，还有附加险 Extraneous¹² Risks, 常见的附加险如下：
     Theft, Pilferage¹³ & Non-Delivery Risks (简称 T.P.N.D., 也可写作TPND) 偷窃、提货不着险
     Fresh and/or Rain Water Damage Risks 淡水雨淋险
     Shortage Risk 或 Risk of Shortage 短量险
     Intermixture & Contamination Risks 混杂、沾污险
     Leakage¹⁴ Risk 或 Risk of Leakage 渗漏险
     Clash & Breakage Risks 碰损、破碎险
     Taint¹⁵ of Odour Risk 串味险
     Sweating & Heating Risks 受潮受热险
     Hook Damage Risk 钩损险
     Rust¹⁶ Risk 或 Risk of Rust 锈损险
     Breakage of Packing Risk 包装破裂险
     常见的特殊附加险有：
     War Risk 战争险
     Strikes, Riots and Civil Commotions¹⁷ (缩写为 S.R.C.C., 也可写作 SRCC，注意这个险别没有 risks 这个词) 罢工、暴动、民变险
     在函电中说各个险别时，除 all risks 和 war risk 外, risk(s) 这个词通常略去，如：
     We shall cover TPND on your order. 我们将对你方订货投保偷窃、提货不着险。
     The goods are to be insured against leakage. 此货需保渗漏险。

2. Asking for a Special Rate of Insurance
     要求特惠保率

Dear Sirs,

     We regularly ship consignments¹⁸ of Qingdao Beer to Sydney, Australia by both passengers and cargo¹⁹ liners of the International Shipping²⁰ Line. Will you please say whether you can issue an all-risks policy for these shipments and, if so, on what terms. In particular we wish to know whether you can issue a special rate for the promise of regular monthly shipments.

     Yours faithfully,

     Notes

1. liner n. 班轮，班机

2. International Shipping Line 国际航运公司

3. a special rate 特惠保率

4. regular monthly shipments 按月付运

3. Insurance Company Asks to Cancel Breakage Risk
     保险公司要求取消破碎险

Dear Sirs,

(Additional Risk of Breakage)

     We refer to your L/C No. 157 covering Glazed²¹ Wall Tiles, which we have just received.
     Please note for this article we do not cover Breakage. You have to, therefore, delete the word "Breakage" from the insurance clause in the credit.

     Furthermore, we wish to point out that for such articles as window glass, porcelains²², etc., even if additional Risk of Breakage has been insured, the cover is subject to a franchise²³ of 5%. In other words, if the breakage is surveyed to be less than 5%, no claims for damage will be entertained.

     We trust that the position is now clear, Please cable the amendment²⁴ at once.

     Yours faithfully,

     Notes

1. delete v. 删除
     The clause "All expences are for the beneficiaries' account" should be deleted from the L/C. "一切费用由受益人负担"之条款应从信用证中删除。
     With reference to your L/C No. 4425, please delete the word "long" and insert "metric" before "ton". 关于你方信用证4425号，请在"吨"字前去掉"长"字，加上"公"字。

2. franchise n. 免赔率（额）；特权，特许
     This class of goods is sold with a franchise of 3%. 此类商品按免赔率百分之三出售。
 

1 perils   

极大危险( peril的名词复数 )； 危险的事（或环境）

参考例句：

• The commander bade his men be undaunted in the face of perils. 指挥员命令他的战士要临危不惧。
• With how many more perils and disasters would he load himself? 他还要再冒多少风险和遭受多少灾难？

2 transit   

n.经过，运输；vt.穿越，旋转；vi.越过

参考例句：

• His luggage was lost in transit.他的行李在运送中丢失。
• The canal can transit a total of 50 ships daily.这条运河每天能通过50条船。

3 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

4 specimen   

n.样本，标本

参考例句：

• You'll need tweezers to hold up the specimen.你要用镊子来夹这标本。
• This specimen is richly variegated in colour.这件标本上有很多颜色。

5 consignment   

n.寄售；发货；委托；交运货物

参考例句：

• This last consignment of hosiery is quite up to standard.这批新到的针织品完全符合规格。
• We have to ask you to dispatch the consignment immediately.我们得要求你立即发送该批货物。

6 kindly   

adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地

参考例句：

• Her neighbours spoke of her as kindly and hospitable.她的邻居都说她和蔼可亲、热情好客。
• A shadow passed over the kindly face of the old woman.一道阴影掠过老太太慈祥的面孔。

7 invoice   

vt.开发票；n.发票，装货清单

参考例句：

• The seller has to issue a tax invoice.销售者必须开具税务发票。
• We will then send you an invoice for the total course fees.然后我们会把全部课程费用的发票寄给你。

8 refund   

v.退还，偿还；n.归还，偿还额，退款

参考例句：

• They demand a refund on unsatisfactory goods.他们对不满意的货品要求退款。
• We'll refund your money if you aren't satisfied.你若不满意，我们愿意退款给你。

9 premium   

n.加付款；赠品；adj.高级的；售价高的

参考例句：

• You have to pay a premium for express delivery.寄快递你得付额外费用。
• Fresh water was at a premium after the reservoir was contaminated.在水库被污染之后，清水便因稀而贵了。

10 debit   

n.借方，借项，记人借方的款项

参考例句：

• To whom shall I debit this sum?此款应记入谁的账户的借方？
• We undercharge Mr.Smith and have to send him a debit note for the extra amount.我们少收了史密斯先生的钱，只得给他寄去一张借条所要欠款。

11 coverage   

n.报导，保险范围，保险额，范围，覆盖

参考例句：

• There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
• This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。

12 extraneous   

adj.体外的；外来的；外部的

参考例句：

• I can choose to ignore these extraneous thoughts.我可以选择无视这些外来的想法。
• Reductant from an extraneous source is introduced.外来的还原剂被引进来。

13 pilferage   

n.行窃，偷盗；v.偷窃

参考例句：

• Pilferage in the warehouse reduces profitability by about two per cent.仓库中的失窃使利润损失了百分之二。
• Presumably,this redundancy reduces petty embezzlement and pilferage,albeit at staggering costs.这种繁琐的手续大概是为了防止贪污和小偷小摸，却不管为此会付出多大的代价。

14 leakage   

n.漏，泄漏；泄漏物；漏出量

参考例句：

• Large areas of land have been contaminated by the leakage from the nuclear reactor.大片地区都被核反应堆的泄漏物污染了。
• The continuing leakage is the result of the long crack in the pipe.这根管子上的那一条裂缝致使渗漏不断。

15 taint   

n.污点；感染；腐坏；v.使感染；污染

参考例句：

• Everything possible should be done to free them from the economic taint.应尽可能把他们从经济的腐蚀中解脱出来。
• Moral taint has spread among young people.道德的败坏在年轻人之间蔓延。

16 rust   

n.锈；v.生锈；(脑子)衰退

参考例句：

• She scraped the rust off the kitchen knife.她擦掉了菜刀上的锈。
• The rain will rust the iron roof.雨水会使铁皮屋顶生锈。

17 commotions   

n.混乱，喧闹，骚动( commotion的名词复数 )

参考例句：

18 consignments   

n.托付货物( consignment的名词复数 )；托卖货物；寄售；托运

参考例句：

• Police have seized several consignments of pornography. 警方没收了好几批运来的色情物品。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I want you to see for yourself how our consignments are cleared in London. 我要你亲自去看看我们的货物在伦敦是怎样结关的。 来自辞典例句

19 cargo   

n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物

参考例句：

• The ship has a cargo of about 200 ton.这条船大约有200吨的货物。
• A lot of people discharged the cargo from a ship.许多人从船上卸下货物。

20 shipping   

n.船运（发货，运输，乘船）

参考例句：

• We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
• There's a shipping charge of ￡5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。

21 glazed   

adj.光滑的，像玻璃的；上过釉的；呆滞无神的v.装玻璃( glaze的过去式)；上釉于，上光；（目光）变得呆滞无神

参考例句：

• eyes glazed with boredom 厌倦无神的眼睛
• His eyes glazed over at the sight of her. 看到她时，他的目光就变得呆滞。 来自《简明英汉词典》

22 porcelains   

n.瓷，瓷器( porcelain的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Objective: To study the stress tooth preparation with two kinds of porcelains. 〔摘要〕目的：研究瓷贴面复合体应力分布规律。 来自互联网
• Objective To study the distribution of the chromatic value of gingival porcelains. 目的了解临床常用牙龈瓷的颜色参数。 来自互联网

23 franchise   

n.特许，特权，专营权，特许权

参考例句：

• Catering in the schools is run on a franchise basis.学校餐饮服务以特许权经营。
• The United States granted the franchise to women in 1920.美国于1920年给妇女以参政权。

24 amendment   

n.改正，修正，改善，修正案

参考例句：

• The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。
• The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。