VOA常速英语2019--繁荣与安全离不开女性的参与

The State Department recently hosted the Warsaw Process Human Rights Working Group meeting, which focused on women, peace and security.

美国国务院最近主办了华沙进程人权工作组会议，重点讨论妇女、和平与安全问题。

During the meeting, Advisor¹ to the President Ivanka Trump² discussed with U.S. Special Representative for Iran Brian Hook the importance of the participation³ of women in decision-making roles to a nation’s security. Advisor Trump pointed⁴ to data showing that societies, which place impediments to women in the economic, legal, and cultural realms, prove to be unstable⁵:

会议期间，总统顾问伊万卡·特朗普与美国伊朗问题特别代表布莱恩·胡克讨论了妇女参与决策对国家安全的重要性。伊万卡指出，数据显示，在经济、法律和文化领域对女性设置障碍的社会是不稳定的：

“Countries that discriminate⁶ against women are more likely to be involved in intra-state conflict. … If you look at the index of gender⁷ discrimination, the countries that rank the lowest, have in fact been involved in intra or inter-state conflict over the past two decades.”

“歧视妇女的国家更有可能卷入国内冲突。如果你看一下性别歧视指数，排名最低的国家，在过去的20年里，实际上已经卷入了国家内部或国家间的冲突。”

Advisor Trump, who spearheads the Women’s Global Development and Prosperity Initiative, a U.S. all-of-government initiative aimed at boosting women’s economic empowerment in developing countries, has been working on reforming laws to help enable women’s participation in their countries’ economies. Many of the laws involve securing property rights for women:

伊万卡是“妇女全球发展与繁荣倡议”的倡导者，这是一项美国政府的倡议，旨在增强发展中国家妇女的经济权力。伊万卡一直致力于改革法律，帮助妇女参与发展中国家的经济。许多法律涉及保护妇女的财产权：

“Oftentimes property is the primary source of collateral⁸, which allows women or men, to be able to secure a loan, and to be able to start or grow a business, so if you don’t have property rights, if you don’t have clear title, you don’t really have wealth.”

“通常情况下，财产是抵押品的主要来源，它使人们能够获得贷款，能够创办或发展企业，所以如果你没有财产权，如果没有明确的所有权，就没有真正的财富。”

Special Representative Hook noted⁹ that, mistakenly and too often, “national security exists in its own little space” separate from economics and separate from the roles that women play in both realms:

特别代表胡克指出，“国家安全存在于它自己的小空间里”，这是错误的，而且是经常发生的，它与经济和妇女在这两个领域所起的作用是分离的：

"It is the case that when women meaningfully participate in the peace process, the chances of success go up…There was one statistic¹⁰ that I came across, it was a study, when you include women in conflict resolution, it increases the chances of conflict ending within a year by 24 percent. And then if they’re a big part of the peace process…it makes the resulting agreement 64 percent less likely to fail.”

“情况是，当妇女有意义地参与和平进程时，成功的机会就会增加……我遇到过一个统计数据，这是一个研究，当你把女性包括在冲突解决中，它增加了24%的冲突在一年内结束的可能性。如果他们是和平进程的重要组成部分，那么最终达成的协议失败的可能性就会降低64%。”

“It’s hard to have a durable¹¹ peace if 50 percent of your population’s viewpoints aren’t represented,” said Advisor Trump. “Women,” she added, “are raising the next generation and need to be able to provide for that next generation, [and they] often are on the forefront of ensuring that that next generation isn’t radicalized…so,” she declared, “it’s just obviously good economic policy and smart defense¹² policy -- there’s no other way around it.”

“如果50%的人的观点得不到代表，就很难有持久的和平，”伊万卡称。“女性，”她补充道，“他们是否在养育下一代，并需要有能力供养下一代?他们常常站在确保下一代不被激进化的前沿······所以，”她补充道，“很明显，这是一个好的经济政策和明智的国防政策，除此之外别无他法。”

1 advisor   

n.顾问，指导老师，劝告者

参考例句：

• They employed me as an advisor.他们聘请我当顾问。
• The professor is engaged as a technical advisor.这位教授被聘请为技术顾问。

2 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

3 participation   

n.参与，参加，分享

参考例句：

• Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
• The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。

4 pointed   

adj.尖的，直截了当的

参考例句：

• He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
• She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。

5 unstable   

adj.不稳定的，易变的

参考例句：

• This bookcase is too unstable to hold so many books.这书橱很不结实，装不了这么多书。
• The patient's condition was unstable.那患者的病情不稳定。

6 discriminate   

v.区别，辨别，区分；有区别地对待

参考例句：

• You must learn to discriminate between facts and opinions.你必须学会把事实和看法区分出来。
• They can discriminate hundreds of colours.他们能分辨上百种颜色。

7 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

8 collateral   

adj.平行的；旁系的；n.担保品

参考例句：

• Many people use personal assets as collateral for small business loans.很多人把个人财产用作小额商业贷款的抵押品。
• Most people here cannot borrow from banks because they lack collateral.由于拿不出东西作为抵押，这里大部分人无法从银行贷款。

9 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

10 statistic   

n.统计量；adj.统计的，统计学的

参考例句：

• Official statistics show real wages declining by 24%.官方统计数字表明实际工资下降了24%。
• There are no reliable statistics for the number of deaths in the battle.关于阵亡人数没有可靠的统计数字。

11 durable   

adj.持久的，耐久的

参考例句：

• This raincoat is made of very durable material.这件雨衣是用非常耐用的料子做的。
• They frequently require more major durable purchases.他们经常需要购买耐用消费品。

12 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。