美国国家公共电台 NPR 美国和伊朗在维也纳举行间接会谈

The U.S. and Iran have begun indirect talks in Vienna. The goal is to salvage¹ the nuclear deal that the Trump² administration left. Diplomats³ from countries still in the deal are shuttling between U.S. and Iranian officials, as NPR's Michele Kelemen reports.

MICHELE KELEMEN, BYLINE⁴: In diplomacy⁵, agreeing to meet again is a sign of progress. And judging from that, diplomats in Vienna are having some success. Iran called today's meetings constructive⁶ and said the next meeting will be on Friday. State Department spokesperson Ned Price describes the diplomacy as a healthy step forward, saying working groups are now trying to hammer out concrete steps that both Iran and the U.S. can take to get back into compliance⁷ with the 2015 nuclear deal.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

NED PRICE: We hope that we are able to leave Vienna with a better understanding of a roadmap for how we get to that end state — mutual⁸ compliance.

KELEMEN: For the U.S. to get back into compliance, it would have to stop blocking Iranian business with other countries, especially the oil sales that are critical to Iran's economy. For Iran, it would mean dismantling⁹ centrifuges that are now enriching uranium beyond levels allowed under the deal and allowing inspectors¹⁰ more access again. Since Trump left the deal in 2018, Iran has argued that the U.S. should act first and lift all sanctions. Price calls that a nonstarter.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

PRICE: Maximalist demands are not going to get us anywhere.

KELEMEN: He says U.S. envoy¹¹ Rob Malley has a flexible schedule and will remain in Vienna as long as needed. Kelsey Davenport of the Washington-based Arms Control Association says time is not on anyone's side. Iran is gaining knowledge by working on advanced centrifuges, and that knowledge can't be reversed.

KELSEY DAVENPORT: There's an element of irreversibility here on both sides. I mean, Iran cannot get back the, you know, nearly three years that U.S. sanctions have been reimposed, the economic losses that it sustained because of the Trump administration's irresponsible maximum pressure campaign just like, you know, on the Iranian side, you know, we can't reverse that knowledge on the advanced centrifuges and some of the research and development.

KELEMEN: Critics of the Iran deal favored Trump's maximum pressure campaign and argue that the Biden administration is easing up too quickly. Biden officials say the deal was working and kept Americans safer before Trump left it.

Michele Kelemen, NPR News, Washington.

美国和伊朗开始在维也纳举行间接会谈。目标是挽救特朗普政府退出的核协议。据NPR新闻的米歇尔·克莱门报道，该协议其余签署国的外交官为美国和伊朗官员“传话”。

米歇尔·克莱门：在外交方面，同意再次会晤是进步的标志。从这一点来看，驻维也纳的外交官取得了一些进展。伊朗称今天的会谈具有建设性，并表示下一次会议将于周五举行。美国国务院发言人内德·普赖斯称这一外交行动是健康的进步，他表示，各工作组目前正在努力敲定伊朗和美国都可以采取的具体步骤，以重新遵守2015年签署的核协议。

（录音档案）

内德·普赖斯：在离开维也纳时，我们希望能更好地理解我们达到这一状态——双方都遵守协议——的路线图。

克莱门：美国要想重新遵守协议，就必须终止一些限制措施，比如阻止伊朗与其他国家进行贸易往来的措施，尤其是对伊朗经济至关重要的石油销售的限制。对伊朗来说，这将意味着拆除目前浓缩铀水平超过协议允许上限的离心机，并允许核查人员再次进入伊朗。自2018年特朗普退出阂协议以来，伊朗一直主张美国应首先采取行动，解除所有制裁。普赖斯称这不可行。

（录音档案）

普赖斯：最大化的要求不会让我们有任何进展。

克莱门：他表示，美国特使罗布·马利的日程安排非常灵活，只要有需要，他就会留在维也纳。总部设在华盛顿的军控协会的凯尔西·达文波特表示，时间不会偏袒任何一方。伊朗正在通过研究先进的离心机获得知识，而这种知识是无法逆转的。

凯尔西·达文波特：双方都有不可逆转的因素。美国在近三年前恢复对伊朗的制裁，伊朗无法挽回因特朗普政府不负责任的最大压力行动而蒙受的经济损失，而在伊朗方面，我们无法逆转有关先进离心机和部分研究与开发的知识。

克莱门：伊朗核协议的批评者支持特朗普的最大压力行动，他们认为拜登政府放松制裁的速度过快。拜登政府官员表示，在特朗普退出之前，这项协议有发挥作用，而且也让美国人更加安全。

NPR新闻，米歇尔·克莱门华盛顿报道。

1 salvage   

v.救助，营救，援救；n.救助，营救

参考例句：

• All attempts to salvage the wrecked ship failed.抢救失事船只的一切努力都失败了。
• The salvage was piled upon the pier.抢救出的财产被堆放在码头上。

2 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

3 diplomats   

n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人

参考例句：

• These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
• The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

5 diplomacy   

n.外交；外交手腕，交际手腕

参考例句：

• The talks have now gone into a stage of quiet diplomacy.会谈现在已经进入了“温和外交”阶段。
• This was done through the skill in diplomacy. 这是通过外交手腕才做到的。

6 constructive   

adj.建设的，建设性的

参考例句：

• We welcome constructive criticism.我们乐意接受有建设性的批评。
• He is beginning to deal with his anger in a constructive way.他开始用建设性的方法处理自己的怒气。

7 compliance   

n.顺从；服从；附和；屈从

参考例句：

• I was surprised by his compliance with these terms.我对他竟然依从了这些条件而感到吃惊。
• She gave up the idea in compliance with his desire.她顺从他的愿望而放弃自己的主意。

8 mutual   

adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的

参考例句：

• We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
• Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。

9 dismantling   

（枪支）分解

参考例句：

• The new government set about dismantling their predecessors' legislation. 新政府正着手废除其前任所制定的法律。
• The dismantling of a nuclear reprocessing plant caused a leak of radioactivity yesterday. 昨天拆除核后处理工厂引起了放射物泄漏。

10 inspectors   

n.检查员( inspector的名词复数 )；（英国公共汽车或火车上的）查票员；（警察）巡官；检阅官

参考例句：

• They got into the school in the guise of inspectors. 他们假装成视察员进了学校。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Inspectors checked that there was adequate ventilation. 检查员已检查过，通风良好。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 envoy   

n.使节，使者，代表，公使

参考例句：

• Their envoy showed no sign of responding to our proposals.他们的代表对我方的提议毫无回应的迹象。
• The government has not yet appointed an envoy to the area.政府尚未向这一地区派过外交官。