美国国家公共电台 NPR 朝鲜警告美韩军演 并拒接韩方联络电话

The U.S. and South Korea begin joint¹ military exercises next week.

美国和韩国将于下周开始举行联合军事演习。

North Korea has warned that if they do, the allies will face a security crisis.

朝鲜警告称，如果他们举行军演，美韩联盟将面临安全危机。

Seoul and Washington are watching for signs of military provocations² from the North.

韩国和美国都在关注来自朝鲜的军事挑衅迹象。

And as NPR's Anthony Kuhn reports, Pyongyang has some new additions to its arsenal³.

据NPR新闻的安东尼·库恩报道，朝鲜增加了新的武器装备。

In an apparent protest against the exercises, North Korea on Tuesday stopped answering hotlines between the two Koreas

周二，朝鲜拒接了朝韩之间的热线电话，这显然是为了抗议军演，

that were reconnected only two weeks ago after a more than yearlong silence.

该热线此前曾中断超过一年时间，两周前才重启。

North Korean leader Kim Jong Un's sister, Kim Yo Jong, warned that they would have to respond to the drills by strengthening their own military, including their nuclear arsenal.

朝鲜领导人金正恩的妹妹金与正警告称，他们必须通过加强包括核武库在内的军事力量，来应对演习。

In January, North Korea rolled some of its newest military hardware through Pyongyang's Kim Il Sung Square in a nighttime parade.

今年1月，朝鲜在平壤金日成广场举行了夜间阅兵，展示了一些最新的军事装备。

The hardware appeared to include the country's newest and biggest submarine-launched ballistic missile, or SLBM.

这些装备似乎包括该国最新和最大的潜射弹道导弹（简称SLBM）。

The country last test fired an earlier model in 2019.

朝鲜上一次试射早期型号是在2019年。

Shin Jong-Woo is a senior analyst⁴ at the Seoul-based Korea Defense⁵ and Security Forum⁶ think tank.

申宗佑是智库韩国国防与安全论坛的高级分析师。

If you look at the history, the weapons North Korea has tested have first been revealed in military parades.

如果你回顾一下历史，朝鲜试射的武器都会先在阅兵式上展示。

So we believe that North Korea will soon test launch these weapons.

因此，我们认为朝鲜很快就将试射这些武器。

Shin says North Korea has also been working on a new submarine based on an old Soviet⁷ design.

申宗佑表示，朝鲜还一直在研究以旧苏联设计为基础的新潜艇。

It could potentially launch nuclear armed missiles at U.S. bases as far away as Guam or even the continental⁸ U.S. if the sub can make it farther East into the Pacific.

如果潜艇能驶向远东地区并进入太平洋，它可能会向远至关岛的美军基地甚至美国本土发射核导弹。

He adds that being able to launch missiles from both land and sea would make the North's nuclear arsenal more likely to survive an enemy attack.

他还表示，能够从陆地和海上发射导弹，将使朝鲜的核武库更有可能在敌人的袭击中幸存下来。

Even if we destroy all their ground launchers, North Korea will still have nuclear weapons available.

即使我们摧毁了他们所有的地面发射器，朝鲜仍有核武器可用。

That's why we call SLBMs a retaliation⁹ strategy which can be used to deter¹⁰ the U.S. and South Korean militaries.

这就是我们称潜射弹道导弹为报复策略的原因，因为它可以用来威慑美国和韩国军队。

But North Korea doesn't have to test launch any missiles for them to have a political effect, says Paul Choi, principal of StratWays Group, a Seoul-based consultancy and a former South Korean military officer.

但是，首尔咨询公司StratwaysGroup的负责人、前韩国军官崔保罗（音译）表示，朝鲜不用试射任何导弹就能产生政治影响。

North Korea is trying to complicate¹¹ alliance decision-making at the strategic and political level.

朝鲜正试图在战略和政治层面上使美韩同盟决策复杂化。

I think it's trying to drive wedges between the United States and South Korea, to decouple the alliance.

我认为朝鲜正试图挑拨美国和韩国之间的关系，使美韩同盟脱钩。

Choi says Kim has made it clear he intends to develop tactical nuclear weapons for the battlefield.

崔保罗（音译）表示，金正恩已明确表示，他打算为战场开发战术核武器。

He says Kim could first use them or threaten to use them.

他表示，金正恩可能率先使用这些武器，或威胁要使用这些武器。

But then argue, we'll stop here. Let's end the fight.

但他之后会说，我们到此为止。让我们结束这场战斗。

But if you decide to continue, we still have nuclear weapons that we can launch at Seattle, Washington, or New York.

但如果你决定继续战斗，我们仍有核武器可以向西雅图、华盛顿或纽约发射。

This raises the possibility that the U.S. might choose to sacrifice South Korea in order to save the U.S. homeland.

这增加了美国可能选择牺牲韩国来拯救美国国土的可能性。

And that leaves South Korea no choice, Choi argues, but to keep developing its own weapons and military capabilities¹² independent of the U.S.

崔保罗（音译）认为，这让韩国别无选择，只能独立于美国发展自己的武器和军事能力。

But he denies that this implies a break from the alliance.

但他否认这意味着脱离同盟。

Or that South Korea would act irresponsibly or recklessly in a proactive fashion to attack North Korea and thereby¹³ increasing instability between the two Koreas.

或者，韩国会采取不负责任或不计后果的行动，主动攻击朝鲜，从而加剧朝韩之间的不稳定。

In June, Kim Jong Un told his country to prepare for both dialogue and confrontation¹⁴ with the U.S.

今年6月，金正恩曾表示，朝鲜要做好与美国进行对话和对抗的准备。

For now, experts remain divided about whether North Korea will opt¹⁵ to return to the negotiating table or to the missile launcher, whether based on land or at sea.

现在，专家仍在争论朝鲜是会选择回到谈判桌还是继续发射导弹，无论是从陆地发射还是从海上发射。

Anthony Kuhn, NPR News, Seoul.

NPR新闻，安东尼·库恩首尔报道。

1 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

2 provocations   

n.挑衅( provocation的名词复数 )；激怒；刺激；愤怒的原因

参考例句：

• We cannot ignore such provocations. 对于这种挑衅，我们不能置之不理。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• They must immediately cease all their provocations. 他们必须停止一切挑衅。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

3 arsenal   

n.兵工厂，军械库

参考例句：

• Even the workers at the arsenal have got a secret organization.兵工厂工人暗中也有组织。
• We must be the great arsenal of democracy.我们必须成为民主的大军火库。

4 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

5 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

6 forum   

n.论坛，讨论会

参考例句：

• They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。
• The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。

7 Soviet   

adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃

参考例句：

• Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
• Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

8 continental   

adj.大陆的，大陆性的，欧洲大陆的

参考例句：

• A continental climate is different from an insular one.大陆性气候不同于岛屿气候。
• The most ancient parts of the continental crust are 4000 million years old.大陆地壳最古老的部分有40亿年历史。

9 retaliation   

n.报复，反击

参考例句：

• retaliation against UN workers 对联合国工作人员的报复
• He never said a single word in retaliation. 他从未说过一句反击的话。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 deter   

vt.阻止，使不敢，吓住

参考例句：

• Failure did not deter us from trying it again.失败并没有能阻挡我们再次进行试验。
• Dogs can deter unwelcome intruders.狗能够阻拦不受欢迎的闯入者。

11 complicate   

vt.使复杂化，使混乱，使难懂

参考例句：

• There is no need to complicate matters.没有必要使问题复杂化。
• These events will greatly complicate the situation.这些事件将使局势变得极其复杂。

12 capabilities   

n.能力( capability的名词复数 )；可能；容量；[复数]潜在能力

参考例句：

• He was somewhat pompous and had a high opinion of his own capabilities. 他有点自大，自视甚高。 来自辞典例句
• Some programmers use tabs to break complex product capabilities into smaller chunks. 一些程序员认为，标签可以将复杂的功能分为每个窗格一组简单的功能。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

13 thereby   

adv.因此，从而

参考例句：

• I have never been to that city,,ereby I don't know much about it.我从未去过那座城市，因此对它不怎么熟悉。
• He became a British citizen,thereby gaining the right to vote.他成了英国公民，因而得到了投票权。

14 confrontation   

n.对抗，对峙，冲突

参考例句：

• We can't risk another confrontation with the union.我们不能冒再次同工会对抗的危险。
• After years of confrontation,they finally have achieved a modus vivendi.在对抗很长时间后，他们最后达成安宁生存的非正式协议。

15 opt   

vi.选择，决定做某事

参考例句：

• They opt for more holiday instead of more pay.他们选择了延长假期而不是增加工资。
• Will individual schools be given the right to opt out of the local school authority?各个学校可能有权选择退出地方教育局吗？