国家地理 没有垃圾的世界可能存在吗(8)

Clothes

服装

The emblem¹ of the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, a set of nested circles, was on Dame² Ellen's teal hoodie when we met in her headquarters, an old sailmaker's loft³ on the Isle⁴ of Wight. In 2005, at age 28, MacArthur finished sailing around the world on a 75-foot trimaran in a record time of just over 71 days—alone. She had packed 72 days' worth of food. She had raced storms off Antarctica and fixed⁵ a broken generator⁶. She arrived home, having survived a microcosm of Spaceship Earth, with a visceral awareness⁷ of limited resources.

我来到怀特岛上一幢船帆厂老房子里的艾伦·麦克阿瑟基金会总部，与拥有英国勋爵头衔的艾伦会面时，她的蓝绿色连帽衫上就带有该基金会的标识--几个嵌套的圆环。2005年，28岁的麦克阿瑟完成了独自驾驶23米长的双体船进行的环球航行，用时71天多一点，刷新了当时的记录。船上只装了够吃72天的食品。航程中，她曾在南极洲的近海与风暴竞速，修好过损坏的发电机。经历过那次微型的环游地球之旅，她带着对资源有限性的切身体会回到家中。

Why wasn't everyone talking about that? she wondered. She gave up competitive sailing and instead traded on her fame and access to corporate⁸ boardrooms -- "it would be a waste not to use it," she told me -- to establish an organization that has done more than any other to promote the circular economy, using a hierarchy⁹ of strategies. The best is the simplest: Waste less stuff by keeping it in use.

为什么当时没人谈论这个话题？她感到困惑。她放弃了竞技性帆航，利用自己的名气和与企业董事会打交道的渠道--她对我说“不利用就浪费了”--建起一个组织，以多层级策略推广循环经济，并成为这项事业的领头羊。最好的方式也是最简单的：通过延长使用期，降低物品浪费量。

That choice hits many people most acutely in their closets. From 2000 to 2015, while the world population grew by a fifth, clothing production doubled, according to an Ellen MacArthur Foundation report, thanks to the explosion of "fast fashion." With so many cheap clothes, the report estimated, the average item was worn a third fewer times by 2015. That year, the world threw away more than $450 billion worth of clothes.

这一选择对大多数人造成的最直接冲击体现在他们的衣橱里。根据艾伦·麦克阿瑟基金会的一份报告，从2000年到2015年，世界人口增长了五分之一，但随着“快消时尚”的爆发，服装制造量翻了一倍。报告估计，由于存在如此多的廉价衣服，到2015年，每件衣服上身的机会减少了三分之一。今年，全世界丢弃的衣物价值逾4500亿美元。

1 emblem   

n.象征，标志；徽章

参考例句：

• Her shirt has the company emblem on it.她的衬衫印有公司的标记。
• The eagle was an emblem of strength and courage.鹰是力量和勇气的象征。

2 dame   

n.女士

参考例句：

• The dame tell of her experience as a wife and mother.这位年长妇女讲了她作妻子和母亲的经验。
• If you stick around,you'll have to marry that dame.如果再逗留多一会，你就要跟那个夫人结婚。

3 loft   

n.阁楼，顶楼

参考例句：

• We could see up into the loft from bottom of the stairs.我们能从楼梯脚边望到阁楼的内部。
• By converting the loft,they were able to have two extra bedrooms.把阁楼改造一下，他们就可以多出两间卧室。

4 isle   

n.小岛，岛

参考例句：

• He is from the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea.他来自爱尔兰海的马恩岛。
• The boat left for the paradise isle of Bali.小船驶向天堂一般的巴厘岛。

5 fixed   

adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的

参考例句：

• Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？
• Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。

6 generator   

n.发电机，发生器

参考例句：

• All the while the giant generator poured out its power.巨大的发电机一刻不停地发出电力。
• This is an alternating current generator.这是一台交流发电机。

7 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

8 corporate   

adj.共同的，全体的；公司的，企业的

参考例句：

• This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
• His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。

9 hierarchy   

n.等级制度；统治集团，领导层

参考例句：

• There is a rigid hierarchy of power in that country.那个国家有一套严密的权力等级制度。
• She's high up in the management hierarchy.她在管理阶层中地位很高。