2023年经济学人 瑞典将建造木质城市(1)

 

    There is a global race to build the tallest wooden skyscraper¹.

    全球都在竞相建造最高的木质摩天大楼。

    The record was held by Mjostarnet, an 85-metre tower on the shore of Lake Mjosa in Norway, which hosts flats, a hotel and a swimming pool—until Ascent², an 87-metre structure, was completed in Wisconsin in July 2022.

    该纪录一直由挪威的Mjostarnet保持，这是一座85米高的塔，位于Mjosa湖岸边，里面有公寓、酒店和游泳池。直到2022年7月，87米高的建筑Ascent在威斯康星州完工后打破了该记录。

    And it will be put in the shade in turn by other buildings: a 90 metre tower is planned for Ontario, and a 100 metre one for Switzerland.

    它的地位将被其他建筑依次取代:安大略省计划建造一座90米高的塔，瑞士计划建造一座100米高的塔。

    (By way of comparison, St Paul’s cathedral in London is 110 metres tall.)(相比之下，伦敦的圣保罗大教堂只有110米高。)This week, though, a Swedish firm announced it was going for a different sort of record.

    然而本周，一家瑞典公司宣布要创造一种不同的纪录。

    It unveiled plans to build what could be the world’s biggest wooden city.

    它公布了建造世界上最大的木制城市的计划。

    Stockholm Wood City will be built in Sickla, an area in the south of the Swedish capital.

    斯德哥尔摩森林城将被建在瑞典首都南部的西克拉地区。

    Construction on the 250,000 square-metre site will begin in 2025.

    瑞典将于2025年开始建设这一占地25万平方米的地基。

    When complete, ten years later, it will contain 2,000 homes and 7,000 offices, along with restaurants and shops.

    大概十年后完工时，它将容纳2000个家庭和7000个办公室，以及餐馆和商店。

    The 12bn-krona ($1.4bn) project is led by Atrium Ljungberg, a Swedish urban development company.

    这个耗资120亿克朗(合14亿美元)的项目由瑞典城市开发公司Atrium Ljungberg牵头。

    By using wood the company hopes to reduce the project’s carbon footprint by up to 40%, compared with building in concrete and steel, says Annica Anas, the company’s boss.

    公司老板安妮卡·阿纳斯表示，与混凝土和钢铁建筑相比，该公司希望通过使用木材将项目的碳排放量减少40%。

    Wood is a sustainable material that can be produced from renewable forests, which Sweden has in plenty.

    木材是一种可持续的材料，可以从可再生森林中生产，而瑞典有大量的可再生森林。

    When used for building, it locks up the carbon that the trees absorbed from the atmosphere while growing.

    当用于建筑时，它会锁住树木在生长时从大气中吸收的碳。

    As with other modern construction projects using timber³, Wood City will still use some concrete and steel in places like the foundations, but the overall amounts will be greatly reduced.

    与其他使用木材的现代建筑项目一样，伍德城在地基等地方仍将使用一些混凝土和钢材，但总用量将大大减少。

    As wooden buildings are much lighter⁴, their foundations can be smaller.

    由于木质建筑要轻得多，它们的地基可以更小。

    The Swedish project will, as existing wooden skyscrapers⁵ do, employ large prefabricated sections made from what is called “engineered timber”.

    瑞典的项目将和现有的木制摩天大楼一样，使用所谓的“工程木材”制成大型预制部分。

    Instead of ordinary lumber⁶, chipboard or plywood, engineered timber is a composite⁷ in which layers of wood are laminated together in specific ways.

    与普通木材、刨花板或胶合板不同，工程木材是一种复合材料，其中木材层以特定的方式层压在一起。

1 skyscraper   

n.摩天大楼

参考例句：

• The skyscraper towers into the clouds.那幢摩天大楼高耸入云。
• The skyscraper was wrapped in fog.摩天楼为雾所笼罩。

2 ascent   

n.(声望或地位)提高；上升，升高；登高

参考例句：

• His rapid ascent in the social scale was surprising.他的社会地位提高之迅速令人吃惊。
• Burke pushed the button and the elevator began its slow ascent.伯克按动电钮，电梯开始缓慢上升。

3 timber   

n.木材，原木，大木料，栋木

参考例句：

• These trees need more time to grow into useful timber.这些树不够年头，还没成材呢。
• The timber is graded according to its thickness.木材按厚度分级。

4 lighter   

n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级

参考例句：

• The portrait was touched up so as to make it lighter.这张画经过润色，色调明朗了一些。
• The lighter works off the car battery.引燃器利用汽车蓄电池打火。

5 skyscrapers   

n.摩天大楼

参考例句：

• A lot of skyscrapers in Manhattan are rising up to the skies. 曼哈顿有许多摩天大楼耸入云霄。
• On all sides, skyscrapers rose like jagged teeth. 四周耸起的摩天大楼参差不齐。

6 lumber   

n.木材，木料；v.以破旧东西堆满；伐木；笨重移动

参考例句：

• The truck was sent to carry lumber.卡车被派出去运木材。
• They slapped together a cabin out of old lumber.他们利用旧木料草草地盖起了一间小屋。

7 composite   

adj.混合成的，综合成的；n.合成物，复合材料

参考例句：

• English is a composite of many languages.英语是多种语言混合而成的。
• This composite illustration was made by putting together a number of drawings.这本综合说明书是集若干图片汇合而成的。