纪录片《我们的地球》 第46期 淡水资源(03)

Invertebrates¹ dominate these upper reaches.

无脊椎动物统治着上游河段

The hellgrammite, its body flattened² to reduce drag,

这是鱼蛉，其扁平的身体能减少水的冲击力

has bushy gills to extract oxygen from the current.

并依靠浓密的鳃从水中过滤氧气

Black fly larvae³ anchor themselves with a ring of hooks.

蚋的幼虫靠钩环固定自己

But if these become unstuck, they're still held by a silken safety line.

即使不小心松脱了，它们还有一根坚韧的“安全索”

There are advantages to life in the fast stream.

这些动物拥有在急流中生存的先天优势

Bamboo shrimps⁴ can just sit and sift⁵ out passing particles with their fan-like forearms.

拟匙指虾只需趴在河底，用它们的扇形前臂从流水中过滤出食物颗粒

Usually these mountain streams only provide enough food for small animals to survive,

通常，山涧提供的食物只能维持小型动物生存

but with the spring melt here in japan, monsters stir in their dens⁶.

可是在日本，每当春雪消融之际，一种怪物便在巢窟中苏醒。

1 invertebrates   

n.无脊椎动物( invertebrate的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Insects and worms are all invertebrates. 昆虫和蠕虫都是无脊椎动物。 来自辞典例句
• In the earthworm and many other invertebrates, these excretory structures are called nephridia. 在蚯蚓和许多其它无脊椎动物中，这些排泄结构称为肾管。 来自辞典例句

2 flattened   

[医]（水）平扁的，弄平的

参考例句：

• She flattened her nose and lips against the window. 她把鼻子和嘴唇紧贴着窗户。
• I flattened myself against the wall to let them pass. 我身体紧靠着墙让他们通过。

3 larvae   

n.幼虫

参考例句：

• Larvae are parasitic on sheep.幼虫寄生在绵羊的身上。
• The larvae prey upon small aphids.这种幼虫以小蚜虫为食。

4 shrimps   

n.虾，小虾( shrimp的名词复数 )；矮小的人

参考例句：

• Shrimps are a popular type of seafood. 小虾是比较普遍的一种海味。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I'm going to have shrimps for my tea. 傍晚的便餐我要吃点虾。 来自辞典例句

5 sift   

v.筛撒，纷落，详察

参考例句：

• Sift out the wheat from the chaff.把小麦的壳筛出来。
• Sift sugar on top of the cake.在蛋糕上面撒上糖。

6 dens   

n.牙齿，齿状部分；兽窝( den的名词复数 )；窝点；休息室；书斋

参考例句：

• Female bears tend to line their dens with leaves or grass. 母熊往往会在洞穴里垫些树叶或草。 来自辞典例句
• In winter bears usually hibernate in their dens. 冬天熊通常在穴里冬眠。 来自辞典例句