美国国家公共电台 NPR 美国宣布从阿富汗撤军 驻军人数减至2500人

President Trump¹ has 64 days before he leaves office. He plans to spend some of that time speeding the withdrawal² of U.S. troops from Afghanistan and Iraq. A formal announcement is expected as early as today. NPR has learned the plan would leave the United States with just 2,500 troops in Afghanistan, which we will discuss with NPR's Diaa Hadid in Islamabad, Pakistan. Welcome to the program.

现在距离特朗普总统离任还有64天。他计划在这段时间里加快美军从阿富汗和伊拉克的撤军进程。预计这则消息最早将于今天正式宣布。NPR新闻获悉，这一计划将使美国在阿富汗的驻军减少到2500名人，下面我们将于NPR新闻驻巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡的记者迪亚·哈迪德进行讨论。欢迎来到节目。

DIAA HADID, BYLINE³: Good morning.

迪亚·哈迪德连线：早上好。

INSKEEP: Isn't this a much faster withdrawal than the U.S. had planned?

因斯基普：这次撤军是不是远快于美国的原计划？

HADID: Yeah. According to the U.S.-Taliban deal that was signed in February, the troops were supposed to withdraw on a timeline as the Taliban met conditions.

哈迪德：没错。根据美国与塔利班在2月份签署的协议，在塔利班满足条件的情况下，美军应该按时间表撤离。

INSKEEP: Oh, meeting conditions, meaning the Taliban were involved in this complicated peace deal, were supposed to do certain things before the troops left. But now the president is saying we're just going to go before he leaves office January 20, presumably. What do Afghans say about this?

因斯基普：哦，满足条件，这意味着塔利班参与了这项复杂的和平协议，应该在部队离开之前做一些事情。但是现在总统说美军要在他1月20日卸任之前撤离。阿富汗人对此有何看法？

HADID: Well, they're upset. And there's also a sense of anger. I spoke⁴ to a senior official this morning. His name is Javed Faisal and he told me this. Have a listen.

哈迪德：他们非常沮丧。还有一种愤怒的感觉。今天早上我采访了一位高级官员。他的名字是贾维德·费萨尔，以下是他所说。我们来听一下。

JAVED FAISAL: Afghans do not want the U.S. to stay here forever. We want the withdrawal to be a very responsible one, and we don't expect our ally to burn the house once it leaves.

贾维德·费萨尔：阿富汗人不希望美军永远留在这里。我们希望这是一次非常负责任的撤军行动，我们不希望我们的盟友在离开之后烧了房子。

HADID: Did you hear that? He said they don't want their allies to burn down their house as they leave, and that's because they're worried that a hasty withdrawal could embolden⁵ the Taliban because it signals to them that they don't have to abide⁶ by commitments for foreign forces to go.

哈迪德：你听到了吗？他说，他们不希望盟友在离开后烧毁房子，这是因为他们担心仓促撤军可能会使塔利班更加胆大妄为，因为这向他们发出了信号，即他们不必遵守外国军队撤离的承诺。

INSKEEP: Well, is the Taliban doing anything that they are supposed to do as part of this peace agreement with the U.S. in exchange for U.S. troops leaving?

因斯基普：塔利班是否在履行与美国达成的和平协议，做他们应该做的事情，以换取美军撤离？

HADID: Yes and no. They are abiding⁷ by two key commitments. They're not attacking foreign forces and they are engaging in peace talks with the Afghan government, although they've been at a stalemate nearly since they began. But it's understood that the Taliban also promised to reduce their violence. In reality, they've stepped up their attacks against security forces across the country, and they're believed to be behind a series of unclaimed murders, most recently of an Afghan journalist in Helmand.

哈迪德：是也不是。他们遵守了两项关键承诺。他们没有袭击外国军队，而且开始与阿富汗政府进行谈判，尽管这些谈判一直处于僵局状态。但据了解，塔利班也承诺减少暴力。事实上，塔利班加强了对阿富汗各地安全部队的袭击，他们被认为是一系列无人认领的谋杀案的幕后黑手，最近遭遇谋杀的是赫尔曼德省的一名阿富汗记者。

INSKEEP: Wow. Helmand, of course, one of the provinces where there's been the heaviest fighting over many years. What are ordinary Afghans telling you about this expected announcement from the U.S.?

因斯基普：哇哦。当然，赫尔曼德省是多年来战斗最激烈的省份之一。普通阿富汗人对美国即将宣布的这一消息有何看法？

HADID: It reaches across Afghanistan, but educated urban Afghans, especially women, do worry the withdrawal will allow the Taliban to seize power and that their rights might just be swept away. But others are also tired, like Marzia Khawari. She is an unemployed⁸ nurse in the western city of Herat. And have a listen to what she says here.

哈迪德：阿富汗全国都担心，撤军会让塔利班夺取政权，而且他们的权利可能会被剥夺，但受过教育的城市阿富汗人，特别是女性尤为担心。而其他人则感到厌烦，比如马尔齐娅·卡瓦里。她是西部城市赫拉特的一名失业护士。我们来听一下她的表态。

MARZIA KHAWARI: (Speaking Dari).

马尔齐娅·卡瓦里：（用达里语讲话）。

HADID: So she's speaking there in Dari, and she's saying, look, the fighting is getting worse, so maybe it doesn't matter if they stay or go — fatigue⁹.

哈迪德：她用达里语表示，你看，战斗越来越激烈，所以也许他们是留下来还是离开都无关紧要了，厌烦。

INSKEEP: OK. So we have Afghan forces who are in the middle of these peace negotiations¹⁰, and yet the war goes on. The U.S. troops are not completely leaving, but a lot of them are on their way out. Can Afghan security forces protect themselves?

因斯基普：好。阿富汗军队正在进行和平谈判，但战争仍在持续。美军并没有全部撤离，但大批美军正在撤离途中。阿富汗安全部队能保护自己吗？

HADID: Yeah. I mean, at this point, Afghans are overwhelmingly leading the fight against the Taliban, but they do still rely on U.S. airstrikes to help repel¹¹ insurgents¹². So Faisal, that adviser¹³ I spoke to, says as long as those continue, they should be fine. But mostly, Afghans seem to be waiting for Biden. They hope his administration will hold the Taliban to tougher conditions in exchange for that withdrawal of foreign forces, if any are left.

哈迪德：可以。目前阿富汗军队正以压倒性优势领导对抗塔利班的斗争，但他们仍要依靠美国的空袭行动来击退反叛分子。因此，我采访过的顾问费萨尔表示，只要这种情况能保持下去，他们就能应付。但大多数情况下，阿富汗似乎在等待拜登的决定。他们希望拜登领导的政府能对塔利班施加更严厉的条件，以换取外国军队的撤离，如果还有外国驻军的话。

INSKEEP: NPR's Diaa Hadid is in Islamabad, Pakistan. Thanks so much.

因斯基普：以上是NPR新闻的迪亚·哈迪德从巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡带来的报道。非常谢谢你。

HADID: You're welcome.

哈迪德：不客气。

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

3 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

4 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

5 embolden   

v.给…壮胆，鼓励

参考例句：

• Emboldened by the wine,he went over to introduce himself to her.他借酒壮胆，走上前去向她作自我介绍。
• The Prime Minister was steadily emboldened by the discovery that he faced no opposition.发现自己并未遭到反对，首相渐渐有了信心。

6 abide   

vi.遵守；坚持；vt.忍受

参考例句：

• You must abide by the results of your mistakes.你必须承担你的错误所造成的后果。
• If you join the club,you have to abide by its rules.如果你参加俱乐部，你就得遵守它的规章。

7 abiding   

adj.永久的，持久的，不变的

参考例句：

• He had an abiding love of the English countryside.他永远热爱英国的乡村。
• He has a genuine and abiding love of the craft.他对这门手艺有着真挚持久的热爱。

8 unemployed   

adj.失业的，没有工作的；未动用的，闲置的

参考例句：

• There are now over four million unemployed workers in this country.这个国家现有四百万失业人员。
• The unemployed hunger for jobs.失业者渴望得到工作。

9 fatigue   

n.疲劳，劳累

参考例句：

• The old lady can't bear the fatigue of a long journey.这位老妇人不能忍受长途旅行的疲劳。
• I have got over my weakness and fatigue.我已从虚弱和疲劳中恢复过来了。

10 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

11 repel   

v.击退，抵制，拒绝，排斥

参考例句：

• A country must have the will to repel any invader.一个国家得有决心击退任何入侵者。
• Particles with similar electric charges repel each other.电荷同性的分子互相排斥。

12 insurgents   

n.起义，暴动，造反( insurgent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正规军参加到起义军方面来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要对付塔利班与伊拉克叛乱分子，这些问题还是可以把握住的。 来自互联网

13 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。