美国国家公共电台 NPR 朝鲜彻底炸毁"和平象征"朝韩共同联络办公室

When we say in conversation that people had a disagreement and it blew up, that is usually a metaphor¹. North Korea had a difference with South Korea and literally² blew something up. The country destroyed a symbol of cooperation, a joint³ liaison⁴ office used for meetings between the two countries. NPR's Anthony Kuhn is in Seoul. Hi there, Anthony.

当我们在谈话中说，人们有不同意见，导致爆发，这通常是种比喻。但朝鲜和韩国产生分歧，是真的炸毁了东西。朝鲜摧毁了合作象征——用于两国会晤的共同联络办公室。NPR新闻的安东尼·库恩将从首尔带来报道。你好，安东尼。

ANTHONY KUHN, BYLINE⁵: Hey, Steve.

安东尼·库恩连线：你好，史蒂夫。

INSKEEP: What was this office, exactly?

因斯基普：这个办公室具体有何用途？

KUHN: Well, some people call it a sort of de facto embassy. It was one of the few points of physical contact between the two Koreas. And it was in another symbol of cooperation, something called the Kaesong joint industrial zone just north of the DMZ — the demilitarized zone. There used to be factories there jointly⁶ run by the two sides. That hasn't operated for years. And then, the two sides pulled their liaison officers out of this office earlier this year.

库恩：有些人称之为事实大使馆。这是朝韩两国为数不多的直接接触地点之一。该办公室位于开城联合工业区内，该工业区是另一个合作象征，就位于朝韩非军事区（简称DMZ）以北。以前那里有双方共同运营的工厂。但工厂已经停产多年。今年早些时候，两国已从这一办公室撤走本国联络官。

So this was a very dramatic, theatrical⁷ sort of move. But it wasn't unexpected because Kim Jong Un's sister, Kim Yo Jong, had warned about this over the weekend. She said the thing — the office had become useless and they were going to destroy it. At the same time, Seoul takes it quite seriously. They say they're going to hold North Korea responsible for this action. And if they stage more provocations⁸, they're going to respond strongly.

这是非常戏剧化的举措。但并非出人意料，因为金正恩的妹妹金与正已在上周末警告过这件事。她说，这个办公室已经毫无用处，他们将摧毁它。同时，韩国非常重视这件事。韩方表示，他们将让朝鲜为这一行动负责。如果朝方进行更多挑衅，他们将做出强烈回应。

INSKEEP: Well, what made the North Koreans unhappy enough to blow up this empty building?

因斯基普：是什么让朝鲜愤怒到炸毁这座空楼？

KUHN: Well, on the surface, Pyongyang says it is punishing Seoul for allowing North Korean defectors who've defected to South Korea to send anti-Pyongyang propaganda into the North. And what these defectors do is they attach leaflets to balloons or they put them in bottles and float them through the air or water into the North. And North Korea has been angry about this for a long time. And they've had a pattern of lashing⁹ out over this over the years.

库恩：表面来看，朝鲜称其是在惩罚韩国允许叛逃至韩国的朝鲜人向朝鲜散发反朝传单。这些叛逃者将传单贴在气球上或是将传单放进瓶子里，从空中或水中漂到朝鲜。很长时间以来，朝鲜一直对此感到愤怒。多年来，他们一直在抨击这种做法。

Now, it just so happens that, currently, the administration of South Korean President Moon Jae-in is very committed to engaging with the North. So they've started to actually crack down on the defectors and tried to stop them from sending these leaflets. But that hasn't appeased¹⁰ Pyongyang at all.

碰巧的是，目前韩国总统文在寅的政府致力于与朝鲜接触。因此，他们已经开始打击叛逃者，并试图阻止他们散发这些传单。但这完全没有平息朝鲜的愤怒。

INSKEEP: OK. So they were unhappy about this, what they see as a propaganda campaign. But does blowing up the building also fit into a wider shift in North Korea's approach to the world?

因斯基普：好。朝鲜对此感到不满，他们认为这是场宣传运动。但炸毁这座大楼是否符合朝鲜对世界态度的更广泛转变？

KUHN: Yeah. I think so. I mean, you remember that back in February of 2019, there was an abortive¹¹ summit between President Trump¹² and Kim Jong Un. And after that, Kim Jong Un signaled that he didn't think he could get a deal with the U.S. in which he could give up a part of his nuclear arsenal¹³, in exchange get sanctions relief. And so he signaled that he was going to focus on building up his country's military.

库恩：符合，我认为是这样。你应该记得，2019年2月时，特朗普总统和金正恩举行了一场失败的峰会。那之后，金正恩表示，他认为自已无法与美国达成用放弃部分核武库换取制裁缓解的协议。因此，他决定集中精力建设本国军队。

And so for the past months, we've just seen many instances of North Korea pressuring the South, snubbing the South, testing rockets and artillery¹⁴, rejecting offers of humanitarian¹⁵ aid, criticizing cooperation between Seoul in Washington and that military alliance. And at the same time, many analysts¹⁶ say this is a return to an old playbook. It resorts to distractions¹⁷ to distract from economic hardships at home.

因此，我们在过去几个月里看到了许多例证，比如朝鲜向韩国施压、冷落韩国、测试火箭和火炮、拒绝人道主义援助、批评韩国与美国的合作以及美韩军事联盟。同时，许多分析人士认为，这是旧剧本的回归。朝鲜采取分散注意力的方式来转移人们对国内经济的注意。

INSKEEP: Does the North Korean playbook have some other provocations in it?

因斯基普：朝鲜剧本里还有其他挑衅行为吗？

KUHN: Well, Pyongyang has signaled that it will go back on 2018 agreements to reduce military tensions, that they're no longer bound by moratoriums¹⁸ on testing nuclear weapons and strategic missiles. But experts think they may not go far — that far as back to the days of fire and fury of 2017 because that could irk China, on whom they're sort of relying for an economic lifeline as relations with the U.S. and South Korea sour.

库恩：朝鲜已经发出信号，其将背弃2018年签署的减少军事紧张局势的协议，他们将不再受暂停试验核武器和战略性导弹的约束。但专家认为，朝鲜可能不会做得太过，不会回到2017年那种“火与怒”的情况，因为这可能会激怒中国，随着朝鲜与美国和韩国的关系恶化，他们依赖于中国守住经济命脉。

INSKEEP: Antony, thanks for the update.

因斯基普：安东尼，谢谢你带来的最新报道。

KUHN: You're welcome, Steve.

库恩：不客气，史蒂夫。

INSKEEP: NPR's Anthony Kuhn speaking after North Korea exploded a building near the demilitarized zone with South Korea.

因斯基普：以上是NPR新闻记者安东尼·库恩就朝鲜炸毁朝韩非军事区附近的大楼带来的报道。

1 metaphor   

n.隐喻，暗喻

参考例句：

• Using metaphor,we say that computers have senses and a memory.打个比方，我们可以说计算机有感觉和记忆力。
• In poetry the rose is often a metaphor for love.玫瑰在诗中通常作为爱的象征。

2 literally   

adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实

参考例句：

• He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
• Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。

3 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

4 liaison   

n.联系，（未婚男女间的）暖昧关系，私通

参考例句：

• She acts as a liaison between patients and staff.她在病人与医护人员间充当沟通的桥梁。
• She is responsible for liaison with researchers at other universities.她负责与其他大学的研究人员联系。

5 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

6 jointly   

ad.联合地，共同地

参考例句：

• Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。
• She owns the house jointly with her husband. 她和丈夫共同拥有这所房子。

7 theatrical   

adj.剧场的，演戏的；做戏似的，做作的

参考例句：

• The final scene was dismayingly lacking in theatrical effect.最后一场缺乏戏剧效果，叫人失望。
• She always makes some theatrical gesture.她老在做些夸张的手势。

8 provocations   

n.挑衅( provocation的名词复数 )；激怒；刺激；愤怒的原因

参考例句：

• We cannot ignore such provocations. 对于这种挑衅，我们不能置之不理。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• They must immediately cease all their provocations. 他们必须停止一切挑衅。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

9 lashing   

n.鞭打；痛斥；大量；许多v.鞭打( lash的现在分词 )；煽动；紧系；怒斥

参考例句：

• The speaker was lashing the crowd. 演讲人正在煽动人群。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The rain was lashing the windows. 雨急打着窗子。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 appeased   

安抚，抚慰( appease的过去式和过去分词 )； 绥靖（满足另一国的要求以避免战争）

参考例句：

• His hunger could only be appeased by his wife. 他的欲望只有他的妻子能满足。
• They are the more readily appeased. 他们比较容易和解。

11 abortive   

adj.不成功的，发育不全的

参考例句：

• We had to abandon our abortive attempts.我们的尝试没有成功，不得不放弃。
• Somehow the whole abortive affair got into the FBI files.这件早已夭折的案子不知怎么就进了联邦调查局的档案。

12 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

13 arsenal   

n.兵工厂，军械库

参考例句：

• Even the workers at the arsenal have got a secret organization.兵工厂工人暗中也有组织。
• We must be the great arsenal of democracy.我们必须成为民主的大军火库。

14 artillery   

n.(军)火炮，大炮；炮兵(部队)

参考例句：

• This is a heavy artillery piece.这是一门重炮。
• The artillery has more firepower than the infantry.炮兵火力比步兵大。

15 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

16 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

17 distractions   

n.使人分心的事[人]( distraction的名词复数 )；娱乐，消遣；心烦意乱；精神错乱

参考例句：

• I find it hard to work at home because there are too many distractions. 我发觉在家里工作很难，因为使人分心的事太多。
• There are too many distractions here to work properly. 这里叫人分心的事太多，使人无法好好工作。 来自《简明英汉词典》

18 moratoriums   

正式的延缓，暂停( moratorium的名词复数 )

参考例句：