PBS高端访谈:美食作家通过做饭来治疗老年痴呆症

 　　JUDY WOODRUFF: Now for another in our Thanksgiving week food series: a profile of food writer and cook book author Paula Wolfert, as she calls on her culinary skills to battle back against Alzheimer's.

　　Paula Wolfert has the hands of someone who's been cooking a long time.

　　PAULA WOLFERT, chef: What I'm going do is, I'm just going to fry this for flavor.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: In the kitchen of her Sonoma, Calif., home, Wolfert is preparing a cauliflower recipe she loves.

　　PAULA WOLFERT: This is an Armenian dish taught to me by a very famous Armenian cook. I actually like the dish because it's so simple to make.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: The 75-year-old Wolfert has been writing about Mediterranean¹ food for four decades. She authored nine cooking books and has won numerous awards, including five James Beards.

　　Wolfert made her mark long before the rise of the modern-day celebrity² chefs, but her commitment to authentic³ recipes and ingredients still influence many in the culinary world today.

　　PAULA WOLFERT: I like real food. I'm not a chef who makes up dishes. That's today's world.

　　I was interested in real food of the countries that I had visited. And I had visited all the countriesof the Mediterranean by the time I got around to writing about the food. And in writing about the food, you have to explain the people.

　　Now, at that time, people didn't do that very much in cookbooks. They just tried to make it look fast and easy and just get in there and make it. But I was interested in how they really made the food.

　　This is the very first clay pot I ever bought. And I saw this, and I said to the woman, what is this? And she said, it's tripière. And I said, what's a tripière. And she says, it's to cook's tripe⁴. I said, what's tripe?

　　I think I was 19. I think I was 18. I didn't know what tripe was. You see, you put all the food in here. I remember, Tunisia, there was about 12 women in the room and I said in French, who makes the best something. I can't remember the dish. And I could see all the heads turn. The same thing in Greece. The same thing everywhere, in Sicily.

　　I always got a bunch of women together, and then I would ask about rare dishes. And then I said, I want that -- that's what I want to learn. What should I have for low gluten?

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: Most Friday mornings, Wolfert can be found browsing⁵ the Sonoma farmer's market.

　　PAULA WOLFERT: This is the best food in the country. The growing season is longer. The quality is here. The farmers care. For a cook, this is heaven.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: Wolfert lives with her husband, Bill Bayer, a bestselling crime fiction writer. Several years ago as she was touring the country to promote her most recent book, Wolfert says she started to suspect she was having neurological problems.

　　PAULA WOLFERT: I knew there was something wrong. I just wasn't sure what it was. But I had memory problems. I didn't understand sometimes when people questioned me with complicated questions even about things that I wrote about myself in a book I just finished.

　　The first neurologist said is it's mild cognitive⁶ impairment. But she did send me to this big scientist, because he does big tests, you know, these trials. And he read it and he said, no, no, no, that's Alzheimer's.

　　BILL BAYER: When Paula first started telling me, she says, I'm worried, I think I'm losing my mind, I can't remember anything.

　　I was in denial, and I think most of the people who knew her. There was one time she came up and she said, you know, I forgot how to make an omelet. She was standing⁷ in front of the stove. It was a very poignant⁸ time.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: Wolfert began reading everything she could about trying to slow the progression of Alzheimer's, and she turned to the thing she knows best to wage her battle: food.

　　PAULA WOLFERT: The kale, the avocado, the blueberries, the coconuts¹⁰, these are the main ingredients.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: Every morning, Wolfert assembles a shake chockful of superfoods and supplements she believes are helping¹¹ stave off further cognitive decline.

　　Some of the ingredients have well-known health benefits, like leafy greens and nuts. Some have not been proven scientifically to boost brain function, like coconut⁹ oil. But Wolfert says she's never felt better.

　　PAULA WOLFERT: It is tough going, because it's not delicious. I didn't make this to be delicious. I make this to be nutritious¹². My grandmother told me -- my grandmother told me during the Second World War, we were sitting in the vegetable garden. She said, if you want to win a war, you have got to be willing to fight. This is how I fight.

　　BILL BAYER: Alzheimer's is just a crushing word. You don't want to hear that word. But I have been incredibly impressed by the way she's handled this, because I think of how I might have handled it, and I don't think with anywhere near the kind of courage that she's shown.

　　PAULA WOLFERT: I have to look at my own recipe because I can never remember anything. Lightly brown. Stir in the tomatoes, crushed red pepper, OK.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: Wolfert still occasionally cooks these days, but she now relies on her own cookbooks.

　　PAULA WOLFERT: I can't remember what I read two minutes after I read it. That's a real problem. I know what the dish is supposed to taste like. I just don't remember the amounts. I have to check the proportions, and I can't -- I can't remember. I can't remember from going there to here and back again.

　　I just -- it's just -- it's not fair that these things happen, but they do, so I just to what I have to, do what I can. If this works in making me nice and healthy, I will be buying it all the time.

　　BILL BAYER: Who knows what the future holds and how this will play out. I try not to think too much about it, but, sure, we discuss it, too. What will the future be? That's what's so scary about this, and that's what everyone is very conscious of, because your memory is your self and your ability to recognize and ability to think. I miss the testing years, when you would be developing a wonderful dish.

　　(CROSSTALK)

　　BILL BAYER: I understand why they're over.

　　PAULA WOLFERT: My husband, every once in a while, I couldn't eat like you. I would rather die. I said, no, you wouldn't. , you wouldn't. I want to be here as best I can, and I can't do it about food. I did that for 50 years. That's fine.

　　I loved it. I loved every moment of it. I love my friends. I love Alice Waters. But that isn't where my head is right now. My head is with my children, my husband, my friends, and sharing with the Alzheimer's Association whatever I can share, because this is the most important thing I want to say. The shame that people have about their memory loss is -- and the denial that exists and their friends saying,oh, everybody has -- you know, it's senior moments, forget it.

　　And by the time they finally become like the old ladies or old men become, it's too far. You can't help -- those people can't be helped. It's too late. It's too late. We have to come out the way people with HIV came out, the way people with cancer came out. We're not going to get enough money from the government or from anybody else unless we stand there and say, hey, I'm not an old zombie. I'm me, and I need help, and all the people around me who are suffering the way I am, we need help.

　　But we have to come out and say it. We're worried. We need to do something.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF: And we're cheering you on, Paula. Wolfert says she plans to do something by becoming avolunteer advocate for the Alzheimer's Association. Her doctors say they haven't seen signs of any further cognitive decline in the past six months.

1 Mediterranean   

adj.地中海的；地中海沿岸的

参考例句：

• The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
• Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。

2 celebrity   

n.名人，名流；著名，名声，名望

参考例句：

• Tom found himself something of a celebrity. 汤姆意识到自己已小有名气了。
• He haunted famous men, hoping to get celebrity for himself. 他常和名人在一起, 希望借此使自己获得名气。

3 authentic   

a.真的，真正的；可靠的，可信的，有根据的

参考例句：

• This is an authentic news report. We can depend on it. 这是篇可靠的新闻报道, 我们相信它。
• Autumn is also the authentic season of renewal. 秋天才是真正的除旧布新的季节。

4 tripe   

n.废话，肚子, 内脏

参考例句：

• I can't eat either tripe or liver.我不吃肚也不吃肝。
• I don't read that tripe.我才不看那种无聊的东西呢。

5 browsing   

v.吃草( browse的现在分词 )；随意翻阅；（在商店里）随便看看；（在计算机上）浏览信息

参考例句：

• He sits browsing over[through] a book. 他坐着翻阅书籍。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Cattle is browsing in the field. 牛正在田里吃草。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 cognitive   

adj.认知的，认识的，有感知的

参考例句：

• As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大，他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
• The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。

7 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

8 poignant   

adj.令人痛苦的，辛酸的，惨痛的

参考例句：

• His lyrics are as acerbic and poignant as they ever have been.他的歌词一如既往的犀利辛辣。
• It is especially poignant that he died on the day before his wedding.他在婚礼前一天去世了，这尤其令人悲恸。

9 coconut   

n.椰子

参考例句：

• The husk of this coconut is particularly strong.椰子的外壳很明显非常坚固。
• The falling coconut gave him a terrific bang on the head.那只掉下的椰子砰地击中他的脑袋。

10 coconuts   

n.椰子( coconut的名词复数 )；椰肉，椰果

参考例句：

• We found a bountiful supply of coconuts on the island. 我们发现岛上有充足的椰子供应。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Coconuts provide "meat", drink, oil, soap and fiber for fishing line. 椰子提供“肉类”，饮料、油脂、肥皂和做钓（鱼）丝的纤维。 来自百科语句

11 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

12 nutritious   

adj.有营养的，营养价值高的

参考例句：

• Fresh vegetables are very nutritious.新鲜蔬菜富于营养。
• Hummingbirds have discovered that nectar and pollen are very nutritious.蜂鸟发现花蜜和花粉是很有营养的。