PBS高端访谈:4-H俱乐部少年进行牧饲生猪养殖 收获利润

JUDY WOODRUFF: The nation's largest youth development organization, 4-H, has been preparing young people for careers in agriculture and farming for over 100 years. As part of the "NewsHour"'s Student Reporting Labs series Making It Work, Alexis Lesher and a team of students at Cedar¹ Crest² High School in Lebanon, Pennsylvania, report on how one hard working 15-year-old turned a swine project into a profitable³ business.

ALEXIS LESHER: If you happen to stop by Grumbine's Berkshires and Farm, you will be surprised at who greets you. Business owner Dakota Grumbine is only 15 years old. He started the business as a 4-H project when he was just 8, but it didn't get off to a smooth start.

DAKOTA GRUMBINE, Grumbine's Berkshires: When I first started off, I didn't really have any luck as far as the breeding standpoint goes. I couldn't get pigs settled. The litters were small. Not many of them had a second litter, or they just didn't work out. So it took me a while to get a sow base built up.

ALEXIS LESHER: Dakota now has 20 sow, four boars, and almost 200 customers. He breeds pasture-raised Berkshire pigs, which command a higher price, over a dollar more per pound than regular commercial pork.

DAKOTA GRUMBINE: There's a lot more management involved, as opposed to when I had five sows, where I knew all the sows off the top of my head, their ear notches⁴ and everything. Now I have got to write that down or keep track of it somewhere, because I can't remember all of that information anymore.

ALEXIS LESHER: Dakota created a Web site about his product and sells to butcher shops and restaurants. He has traveled as far as Illinois, Iowa and Ohio to learn more about the business. His father has also helped him with the business and says that it's beneficial that Dakota has started so young.

DARREN GRUMBINE, Father of Dakota Grumbine: The younger you are when you start something, the easier it is to pick it up. I see other kids don't enjoy certain opportunities such as public speaking and talking to strangers. He did that stuff at such a young age, that now he doesn't even really think about some of those things that hold a lot of kids back.

ALEXIS LESHER: He goes to school seven hours a day for five days a week, like any other student, but when he gets home, he has to do his homework, while still keeping enough time to manage his pigs.

DARREN GRUMBINE: He balances it pretty well. He does well in school. And he has some things that he does for fun that he really enjoys.

ALEXIS LESHER: Dakota's business is starting to pay off financially, too. He makes an annual profit, which is increasing each year.

DAKOTA GRUMBINE: Even if I don't continue raising hogs⁶ for the rest of my life, it's experience at a young age of coming home every day and having responsibility. I can walk away with a lot of different assets⁷ as far as management and time management, money management, you name it. The farming industry and especially the hog⁵ industry encompasses⁸ a lot of things that I will be able to use later on in life.

ALEXIS LESHER: For the "PBS NewsHour" Student Reporting Labs, this is Alexis Lesher in Lebanon, Pennsylvania.

JUDY WOODRUFF: And what an impressive young man Dakota is. On the "NewsHour" online right now: President Trump⁹ may be closer to a sit-down interview with special counsel¹⁰ Robert Mueller. White House correspondent¹¹ Yamiche Alcindor reports that the president's lead lawyer, Rudy Giuliani, says that Mueller's team is narrowing possible questions for Mr. Trump, and says the prospect¹² of talks look more hopeful than it did a day or so ago. That and more is on our Web site, PBS.org/NewsHour.

朱蒂·伍德瑞夫：全国最大的青少年发展组织，4-H俱乐部，一个多世纪以来一直在培养年轻人从事农事活动。作为NewsHour学生报告实验室系列节目Making It Work的一部分，亚历克西斯·莱舍和一群来自宾夕法尼亚州黎巴嫩城Cedar Crest高中的学生们为我们报道，一位勤奋有加的15岁少年如何将一个养猪项目变成了一笔赚钱的生意。

亚历克西斯·莱舍：如果你碰巧来到格拉宾的农场，看到了他的巴克夏猪，你会惊讶地发现，这个向你问好的家伙可不寻常。农场的主人是达科他·格拉宾，一位年仅15岁的少年。8岁时候，他就开了这家农场，作为一个4-H项目，但起初进展得并不顺利。

达科他·格拉宾，Grumbine's Berkshires：我刚开始的时候，从育种的角度来看，我并不走运。猪的问题没有解决，幼崽太小，许多只有一只幼崽，用它们是不行的。所以我花了好久才建起了这个猪场。

亚历克西斯·莱舍：达科他现在有20头母猪，4头公猪和顾客接近200人。他养牧饲巴克夏猪，每磅价格比普通猪肉高出一美元还多。

达科他·格拉宾：这其中涉及更多的是管理，那时我只有5头母猪，我对它们的一切了然于胸，他们耳朵上的缺口以及一切。现在我得把它们写下来，或者找个地方记录下来，因为信息太多，我记不起所有。

亚历克西斯·莱舍：达科他创建了一家关于他产品的网站，将肉卖给肉店和餐馆。他去过伊利诺斯、爱荷华和俄亥俄，以了解更多的商业信息。 他的父亲也帮助他料理生意，他说达科他早早开始，非常有益。

达瑞·格拉宾，达科他·格拉宾的父亲：做事而言，你越年轻，做起来越容易。我看到有的孩子对某些场合并不喜欢，比如公共演讲，陌生人交谈等。而他在这么小的时候就已经做过这些事情，现在他甚至不用去想那些让很多孩子畏怯的事情。

亚历克西斯·莱舍：他每天上七小时学，一周五天，像其他任何学生一样，但是当他到家的时候，他必须做作业，同时仍然有足够的时间来管理他的猪。

达瑞·格拉宾：他平衡得很好。他在学校成绩也很好。他有一些自己喜欢玩的东西。

亚历克西斯·莱舍：达科他的生意也开始得到了经济回报。他每年的钱都越赚越多。

达科他·格拉宾：即使我以后都不再养猪，年少时每天回家做这件事，仍然是极具责任感的一段经历。在管理和时间管理、资金管理方面，我轻而易举地取得了很多成就。养殖业，尤其是养猪业，含纳了许多我以后能用得到的东西。

亚历克西斯·莱舍：PBS NewsHour学生报告实验室，我是亚历克西斯·莱舍，从宾夕法尼亚州黎巴嫩城发回报道。

朱蒂·伍德瑞夫：达科他是位多么令人印象深刻的少年啊。欢迎收看我们正在直播的线上节目：特朗普总统可能会与特别顾问罗伯特·米勒进行会面。白宫记者Yamiche Alcindor报道说，总统的首席律师Rudy Giuliani说，米勒的团队正在缩小对特朗普可能提问的范围，并说此次会面交谈的前景比起约前一天来说，更为乐观。更多内容，请您关注我们的网站PBS.org/NewsHour。

1 cedar   

n.雪松，香柏(木)

参考例句：

• The cedar was about five feet high and very shapely.那棵雪松约有五尺高,风姿优美。
• She struck the snow from the branches of an old cedar with gray lichen.她把长有灰色地衣的老雪松树枝上的雪打了下来。

2 crest   

n.顶点；饰章；羽冠；vt.达到顶点；vi.形成浪尖

参考例句：

• The rooster bristled his crest.公鸡竖起了鸡冠。
• He reached the crest of the hill before dawn.他于黎明前到达山顶。

3 profitable   

adj.有益的，能带来利益的，有利可图的

参考例句：

• That business became profitable last year.那项生意去年变得很赚钱。
• The convention business is very profitable for the hotel industry.承办会议业务能给旅馆业带来很高的利润。

4 notches   

n.（边缘或表面上的）V型痕迹( notch的名词复数 )；刻痕；水平；等级

参考例句：

• The Indians cut notches on a stick to keep count of numbers. 印第安人在棒上刻V形凹痕用来计数。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• They cut notches in the handle of their pistol for each man they shot. 他们每杀一个人就在枪托上刻下一个V形记号。 来自辞典例句

5 hog   

n.猪；馋嘴贪吃的人；vt.把…占为己有，独占

参考例句：

• He is greedy like a hog.他像猪一样贪婪。
• Drivers who hog the road leave no room for other cars.那些占着路面的驾驶员一点余地都不留给其他车辆。

6 hogs   

n.（尤指喂肥供食用的）猪( hog的名词复数 )；（供食用的）阉公猪；彻底地做某事；自私的或贪婪的人

参考例句：

• 'sounds like -- like hogs grunting. “像——像是猪发出的声音。 来自英汉文学 - 汤姆历险
• I hate the way he hogs down his food. 我讨厌他那副狼吞虎咽的吃相。 来自辞典例句

7 assets   

n.财产；资产

参考例句：

• We capitalized our assets to avoid bankruptcy.我们把资产转作资金以避免破产。

8 encompasses   

v.围绕( encompass的第三人称单数 )；包围；包含；包括

参考例句：

• The job encompasses a wide range of responsibilities. 这项工作涉及的职责范围很广。
• Its conservation law encompasses both its magnitude and its direction. 它的守恒定律包括大小和方向两方面。 来自辞典例句

9 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

10 counsel   

n.忠告，劝告，律师，法律顾问；vt.劝告

参考例句：

• The judge asked counsel for the defence to explain.法官要求被告的辩护律师做出解释。
• He refused to listen to the old man's counsel.他拒不听从老人的忠告。

11 correspondent   

n.记者，通信者；adj.符合的，一致的，相当的

参考例句：

• He volunteered as a correspondent for the war.他自愿担任作报道这次战争的记者。
• The result was correspondent with my wishes.结果与我的愿望是一致的。

12 prospect   

n.前景，前途；景色，视野

参考例句：

• This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect.事态呈现出可喜的前景。
• The prospect became more evident.前景变得更加明朗了。