PBS高端访谈:自己制作口罩

JUDY WOODRUFF: Returning now to the question of wearing masks, how effective they are, and whether homemade masks can help stop the spread of the virus. We want to look at what is motivating the small army of citizens making masks in their own communities. Jeffrey Brown focuses on one Washington, D.C., suburb: Bethesda, Maryland, where locals have put sewing machines to work to make different types of masks for local medical professionals. It's part of our ongoing¹ arts and culture series, Canvas.

JEFFREY BROWN: Fiber² artist Anya Caldwell is used to creating handmade products. She knits, crochets³, weaves and sews. Now she's using any fabric⁴ she has, as well as donated linens⁵, dish towels and pajamas⁶, for a new purpose.

ANYA CALDWELL, Mask Maker⁷: A personal message to the people out there that are obviously stressed having to do this right now that we care for them, we love them. Neighbors donated the fabric that 37 years ago were the curtains in their baby's nursery. So they had sentimental⁸ value.

JEFFREY BROWN: Caldwell has produced more than 200 fabric masks herself and is also working with families to make almost 200 more. They have received design advice from local health care workers. Some nurses and doctors around the country are welcoming the handmade masks, as hospital-supplied surgical⁹ masks are depleted¹⁰. Jennifer Sun, a pediatrician by training, follows a do-it-yourself pattern recommended online that allows a filter to be inserted as an additional protective layer.

DR. JENNIFER SUN, Mask Maker: There was a Facebook group that formed that has now over 5,000 members to send a message to people who are in charge that they need to get better protective equipment for our health care providers.

JEFFREY BROWN: The need to contribute amid so much uncertainty¹¹ is motivating people all over, a sail maker in Maine.

WOMAN: I'm with you. I hear you.

JEFFREY BROWN: A fashion designer in South Carolina, workers at a jeans company in Mississippi. Back in Bethesda, Rodolfo Castro, his wife, Lisa, and kids felt that same need.

RODOLFO CASTRO, Mask Maker: We hope that these masks can lend a little more protection or extend the life of the N95 masks that nurses and doctors are wearing.

JEFFREY BROWN: High school junior Grace McGuire uses bright fabrics¹² collected over the years on visits to her grandmother in Hawaii. She aims to make 100 masks, some for community members.

GRACE MCGUIRE, Mask Maker: It's also therapeutic¹³. And it's a good, it's a good, like, way to make me feel productive, because I'm helping¹⁴ people in my community have safer masks, so they're not buying these medical masks that the hospitals need.

JEFFREY BROWN: Lawyers Gary and Janet McDavid, have built what they call an assembly line in their basement. Along with neighbors, they have completed hundreds of CDC-compliant homemade surgical masks.

GARY MCDAVID, Mask Maker: When we're finished, we take them to the hospital, we call, and they send someone out to collect the masks.

JEFFREY BROWN: Maria Monteverde-Jackson says the handiwork has multiple purposes.

MARIA MONTEVERDE-JACKSON, Mask Maker: Of course I believe in the power of small groups in times of crisis. I mean, the world needs big heroes right now. But we also need small heroes. And I suppose our greatest hope is that, in a small way, these masks help them to come home to their friends and family when this is all over, and to be able to give them a great big hug, because we could all use a great big hug right now.

JEFFREY BROWN: For the PBS NewsHour, I'm Jeffrey Brown.

JUDY WOODRUFF: We sure could. And we thank every single one of them and every one of you who are doing this for what you are doing. Thank you.

朱迪·伍德拉夫：现在回到戴口罩的问题上——戴口罩有多大效果呢？自制的口罩是否有助于阻断病毒的传播呢？我们想来了解一下这一批市民自制口罩的初衷和动力。杰弗里·布朗关注了华盛顿特区、郊区：马里兰州的贝塞斯达。这里的一些市民将缝纫机派上了用场，用来制作不同类型的口罩，供当地的医务人员使用。今晚的采访是帆布系列报道的部分艺术文化的部分内容。

杰弗里·布朗：纤维艺术家安雅·考德威尔习惯于制作手工制品。她会缝纫、钩针、编织、缝合。现在她让手头的织物和大家捐献的亚麻、洗碗巾、睡裤派上了新的用场。

安雅·考德威尔，口罩制作者：对于不得不站在第一线的人来说，我们想传达一个讯息——我们关心着他们、碍着他们。37年前，街坊邻里捐赠了一些幼儿园的窗帘作为织物。这个赠物里饱含了感情。

杰弗里·布朗：考德威尔自己就自制了200多个口罩，还跟一些家庭共同制作了大概200多个口罩。他们获得了当地医务工作者给的制作简易。全国各地的一些护士和医生对于自制的口罩也深表欢迎，因为现在医院的医用口罩也弹尽粮绝了。詹妮弗是训练有素的儿科医生，他遵从网上的推荐做了自制的口罩，里面可以放入过滤装置来作为额外的一层保护。

詹妮弗，口罩制作者：这是一个脸书组织，现在已有5000多名成员，他们向人们传达一个讯息——应该为医务工作者提供更好的防护性物资。

杰弗里·布朗：在如此大的不确定性之下为大家风险就是在激励缅因州的所有人自制口罩。

女：我支持你，我愿意倾听你的声音。

杰弗里·布朗：南卡州的一名时尚设计师以及密西西比州的一家牛仔裤公司的工人们。贝塞斯达的鲁道夫·卡斯特罗和妻子丽莎以及他们的几个孩子也都感到了这样的需求。

鲁道夫·卡斯特罗，口罩制作者：我们希望这些资质的口罩能提供多一点的保护，或者能延长医务工作者佩戴的N95口罩的寿命。

杰弗里·布朗：中学三年级学生格蕾丝·麦圭尔用到了近些年来看望夏威夷孙女时积攒的鲜亮织物。她的目标是制作100个口罩，其中一些给社群成员用。

格蕾丝·麦圭尔，口罩制作者：这样也有益于健康，让我感觉自己很有生产力，因为我能帮上忙，让社群用上更安全的口罩，这样他们就不会去买医院需要的医用口罩了。

杰弗里·布朗：律师盖里和珍妮特在自己的地下室里建起了流水线。他们跟邻居一起完成了数百个符合CDC规定的自制外科口罩。

盖里，口罩制作者：等我们做好之后，会送去医院。我们打电话，然后他们派人来取。

杰弗里·布朗：玛利亚则表示自制口罩有许多用途。

玛利亚，口罩制作者：在危难时刻，我当然相信许多小群体的力量。我想说，世界现在需要很多个大英雄，但我们也需要一些小英雄。我想我们最大的希望是——等疫情结束了，这些口罩可以稍微帮助他们回家去看亲朋好友，能让他们感受到大大的拥抱，因为我们现在都可以传递这样大大的拥抱。

杰弗里·布朗：感谢收听杰弗里·布朗发回的报道。

朱迪·伍德拉夫：我们确实都可以传递拥抱。感谢每一个自制口罩的人所做的贡献，谢谢所有这样的人。

1 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

2 fiber   

n.纤维，纤维质

参考例句：

• The basic structural unit of yarn is the fiber.纤维是纱的基本结构单元。
• The material must be free of fiber clumps.这种材料必须无纤维块。

3 crochets   

v.用钩针编织( crochet的第三人称单数 )；趾钩

参考例句：

4 fabric   

n.织物，织品，布；构造，结构，组织

参考例句：

• The fabric will spot easily.这种织品很容易玷污。
• I don't like the pattern on the fabric.我不喜欢那块布料上的图案。

5 linens   

n.亚麻布( linen的名词复数 )；家庭日用织品

参考例句：

• All linens and towels are provided. 提供全套日用织品和毛巾。 来自辞典例句
• Linen, Table Linens, Chair Covers, Bed and Bath Linens. Linen. 采购产品亚麻布，亚麻布，椅子套子，床和沭浴亚麻布。 来自互联网

6 pajamas   

n.睡衣裤

参考例句：

• At bedtime,I take off my clothes and put on my pajamas.睡觉时，我脱去衣服，换上睡衣。
• He was wearing striped pajamas.他穿着带条纹的睡衣裤。

7 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

8 sentimental   

adj.多愁善感的，感伤的

参考例句：

• She's a sentimental woman who believes marriage comes by destiny.她是多愁善感的人，她相信姻缘命中注定。
• We were deeply touched by the sentimental movie.我们深深被那感伤的电影所感动。

9 surgical   

adj.外科的，外科医生的，手术上的

参考例句：

• He performs the surgical operations at the Red Cross Hospital.他在红十字会医院做外科手术。
• All surgical instruments must be sterilised before use.所有的外科手术器械在使用之前，必须消毒。

10 depleted   

adj. 枯竭的, 废弃的 动词deplete的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• Food supplies were severely depleted. 食物供应已严重不足。
• Both teams were severely depleted by injuries. 两个队都因队员受伤而实力大减。

11 uncertainty   

n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物

参考例句：

• Her comments will add to the uncertainty of the situation.她的批评将会使局势更加不稳定。
• After six weeks of uncertainty,the strain was beginning to take its toll.6个星期的忐忑不安后，压力开始产生影响了。

12 fabrics   

织物( fabric的名词复数 )； 布； 构造； （建筑物的）结构（如墙、地面、屋顶）：质地

参考例句：

• cotton fabrics and synthetics 棉织物与合成织物
• The fabrics are merchandised through a network of dealers. 通过经销网点销售纺织品。

13 therapeutic   

adj.治疗的，起治疗作用的；对身心健康有益的

参考例句：

• Therapeutic measures were selected to fit the patient.选择治疗措施以适应病人的需要。
• When I was sad,music had a therapeutic effect.我悲伤的时候，音乐有治疗效力。

14 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。