在线英语听力室_免费在线英语听力学习网站

肯尼亚未遏制人口贩卖或面临美国制裁

Kenya risks being subjected to U.S. sanctions for failing to comply with the minimum standards of the Trafficking Victims Protection Acts (TVPA).

肯尼亚因未能遵守《人口贩运受害者保护法》 (TVPA) 的最低标准而有可能面临美国的制裁。卢瓦加从内罗毕发来更多关于肯尼亚人口贩运问题的报道。

Twenty-seven-year-old "Ruby¹" — not her real name — listens attentively² during an awareness³ seminar on human trafficking. Ruby was a victim of human trafficking, an ordeal⁴ that lasted just over a year.

化名“鲁比”（Ruby）的二十七岁女子在一个人口贩卖研讨会上用心倾听。她是人口贩卖的受害者，她的磨难一年多一点以前才结束。

Last year she registered with an agency that promised her work in Libya as a caregiver to the elderly. Being her family's sole breadwinner, she hoped to send part of her income back home to take care of her mother and siblings⁵. When she reached Tripoli, however, her passport was confiscated⁶ and she later was subjected to both physical and sexual abuse.

去年，她在一家机构注册，这家机构许诺给她一个在利比亚照料老人的工作。作为家里唯一的顶梁柱，她希望把一部分收入寄回家照顾她的母亲和兄弟姐妹。但当她到达的黎波里后，她的护照被没收，她后来受到身体折磨和性虐待。

Teaching skills

The session she’s attending is a seminar in which trafficking victims are taught business skills. Ruby said a lot needs to be done to bring human trafficking to an end.

她正在出席的会议是对人口贩卖的受害者进行商业技能培训的一次研讨会。她说，还需要付出很多努力才能结束人口贩运。

“Most people are supposed to be educated about human trafficking so that they get awareness and they get to know what happens, and creating help opportunities mostly in Kenya," she said. "Because lack of jobs is what tends to give people ideas to get those outside jobs."

她说：“大多数人应该接受教育，了解什么是人口贩运，那样他们就会提高意识，知道发生了什么情况，就可以在肯尼亚创造一些提供帮助的机会。因为缺少就业机会是人们想外出打工的主要原因。”

Ruby is one of 200 victims rescued by Awareness Against Human Trafficking (HAART) an organization formed four years ago to combat human trafficking in Kenya.

鲁比是“关注和对抗人类贩运 (HAART) ”组织解救的200多名受害者之一，该组织四年前在肯尼亚成立，主要目标是对抗人口贩卖。

For the past three years Kenya has been on the U.S. State Department’s Tier 2 watch list for failing to seriously tackle the problem. Three years ago Kenya enacted⁷ its Counter-Trafficking in Persons Act. The law has had little impact, though, on curbing⁸ human trafficking.

在过去的三年里，肯尼亚一直在美国国务院的“未能有效打击贩运的二级观察名单”上。三年前肯尼亚颁布来本国的《反贩运人口法》。但法律已对遏制人口贩卖起的作用很小。

Entrenched⁹ problem

The CRADLE, a children's protective foundation, reports there have been very few successful prosecutions¹⁰ because of the high threshold of evidence required to obtain a conviction.

一个名叫“摇篮”（CRADLE）的儿童保护基金说，由于定罪的举证门槛很高，所以起诉成功的案例很少。

Sophie Otiendo, a project consultant¹¹ at HAART, is moderating the business training session. Seventeen years ago, Otiendo was herself a victim of human trafficking. She has since recovered from the trauma¹², and she uses her experience to encourage and empower those in similar situations. She said greed is what fuels this global scourge¹³.

主持商业培训的是HAART项目的顾问索菲?奥蒂恩德（Sophie Otiendo）。十七年前，奥蒂恩德自己就是人口贩卖的受害者。她已经从过去的创伤中恢复过来，现在正在用她的经验鼓励那些处于类似状况的人，给他们勇气。她说，贪婪是加剧这一全球灾难的原因。

“So long as we want to get things cheap, there’s always going to be trafficking. There was slavery and now there’s trafficking because we need different things, and we have to find a way to make to get them in the cheapest possible way and that trafficking is the fuel,” said Otiendo.

她说：“只要我们还有贪便宜的想法，人口贩运就永远不会停止。过去有奴隶制，现在有人口贩运。正是因为我们总是要这要那，又想以最便宜的方式去获得，这时候人口贩运就成了催化剂。”

The International Labor¹⁴ Organization says Human trafficking is the second largest source of illegal income worldwide, exceeded only by drug trafficking. And according to UNICEF, 1.2 million children are trafficked every year.

国际劳工组织（The International Labor Organization）声称，人口贩运是世界范围内第二大非法收入来源，仅次于毒品交易。根据联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）的统计，每年有1200万儿童被非法贩卖。