VOA常速英语2019--美国为莫桑比克提供灾害援助

On March 15th, intense Tropical Cyclone¹ Idai made landfall in south-eastern Africa, killed over 1000 people and caused immense damage in Mozambique, and to a lesser² degree in Zimbabwe, Malawi and Madagascar. It was the worst natural disaster to hit southern Africa in two decades, and the third-deadliest tropical cyclone on record.

3月15日，强力热带气旋伊代着陆于非洲东南部，导致1000多人死亡，并给莫桑比克造成了巨大破坏。津巴布韦、马拉维、马达加斯加也遭受了破坏，只是程度比莫桑比克轻一些。这是近20年来非洲南部最严重的自然灾害，也是有史以来杀伤力第三强的热带气旋。

In Mozambique alone, the cyclone caused some 770 million dollars in damages and displaced around 400,000 people. The 200 kilometer winds and massive flooding damaged or destroyed homes, schools, farmland and crucial infrastructure³, particularly in Manica, Sofala, Tete, and Zambezia provinces.

仅在莫桑比克，热带气旋导致近7.7亿美元的损失，让近40万人流离失所。时速200公里的大风和来势汹汹的洪水不同程度地损坏了房屋、学校、农田、重要基础设施，马尼卡省、索法拉省、太特省、赞比西亚省受损尤为严重。

In addition to the immediate⁴ needs of the people, such as shelter, food, medicines and potable water, within days, cholera⁵ and other water borne diseases, skin infections, respiratory tract⁶ infections and malaria⁷ began to spread throughout the affected⁸ parts of Mozambique. And this situation continues to worsen with time.

民众有许多急需的物资，比如庇护所、粮食、药物和饮用水。此外，在数天内，霍乱等水源病、皮肤感染、呼吸道感染、疟疾也开始传播在莫桑比克受到影响的地区。随着时间的流逝，情况愈发恶化。

In the immediate aftermath of the cyclone, the United States stepped up to deliver emergency aid and help in Mozambique’s recovery effort. On March 15th, U.S. Ambassador to Mozambique Dennis Hearne declared a disaster due to the effects of floods in Mozambique.

热带气旋发生后，美国加紧提供应急援助，并帮助莫桑比克做修复工作。3月15日，美国驻莫桑比克大使丹尼斯宣布这次事件为灾害，因为莫桑比克受到了洪灾的影响。

On March 20, the U.S. Agency for International Development, or USAID, deployed⁹ a Disaster Assistance Response Team, or DART¹⁰, to Mozambique. This elite¹¹ team assesses damage, identifies priority needs, and works closely with partners to provide critical assistance to people in Mozambique.

3月20日，美国国际开发署（USAID）部署了灾难救援应对小组（DART），派往莫桑比克。这支精英队伍可评估受灾程度、确定当务之急，还可以与各方紧密合作，以提供莫桑比克人民需要的关键援助。

One week later, at the request of USAID, the U.S. military — in coordination¹² with the Government of Mozambique — began air operations to deliver humanitarian¹³ assistance to communities affected by Cyclone Idai, particularly hard-to-reach areas.

一周后，在USAID的要求下，美国军队——通过与莫桑比克政府协调合作——开始通过空中活动递送人道主义援助给各社群，这些社群都受到了热带气旋伊代的影响，尤其是那些难以抵达的地区。

Since then, USAID has been working with our partners to deliver lifesaving aid to those most in need. This includes partnering with the World Food Program to provide food to more than 1 million people and World Vision to provide emergency shelter, as well as water, sanitation¹⁴, and hygiene¹⁵ programs. USAID is also working with the International Organization for Migration¹⁶ to provide shelter kits¹⁷ to those most in need.

从那以后，USAID就一直与各方合作，递送性命攸关的援助给那些最有需要的人。其中包括与世界粮食计划署合作，提供粮食给100多万人；与世界宣明会合作，提供应急避难所、水、卫生设备、卫生计划。USAID也在与国际移民组织合作，以提供避难所给那些最有需要的人。

To date, the United States has provided 59 million dollars to help people affected by the cyclone recover from this disaster.

目前为止，美国已提供了5900万美元，以帮助那些受到伊代影响的人，让他们从此次灾害中缓过劲儿来。

We stand with the Mozambican people during this time, said USAID Administrator¹⁸ Mark Green, and USAID will continue to support those in need here and around the world.

USAID署长马克表示，我们支持莫桑比克人民度过这段时期，我们署也将继续支持莫桑比克乃至全球范围内有需要的人群。

1 cyclone   

n.旋风，龙卷风

参考例句：

• An exceptionally violent cyclone hit the town last night.昨晚异常猛烈的旋风吹袭了那个小镇。
• The cyclone brought misery to thousands of people.旋风给成千上万的人带来苦难。

2 lesser   

adj.次要的，较小的；adv.较小地，较少地

参考例句：

• Kept some of the lesser players out.不让那些次要的球员参加联赛。
• She has also been affected,but to a lesser degree.她也受到波及，但程度较轻。

3 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

4 immediate   

adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的

参考例句：

• His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
• We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。

5 cholera   

n.霍乱

参考例句：

• The cholera outbreak has been contained.霍乱的发生已被控制住了。
• Cholera spread like wildfire through the camps.霍乱在营地里迅速传播。

6 tract   

n.传单，小册子，大片(土地或森林)

参考例句：

• He owns a large tract of forest.他拥有一大片森林。
• He wrote a tract on this subject.他曾对此写了一篇短文。

7 malaria   

n.疟疾

参考例句：

• He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
• Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。

8 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

9 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

10 dart   

v.猛冲，投掷；n.飞镖，猛冲

参考例句：

• The child made a sudden dart across the road.那小孩突然冲过马路。
• Markov died after being struck by a poison dart.马尔科夫身中毒镖而亡。

11 elite   

n.精英阶层；实力集团；adj.杰出的，卓越的

参考例句：

• The power elite inside the government is controlling foreign policy.政府内部的一群握有实权的精英控制着对外政策。
• We have a political elite in this country.我们国家有一群政治精英。

12 coordination   

n.协调，协作

参考例句：

• Gymnastics is a sport that requires a considerable level of coordination.体操是一项需要高协调性的运动。
• The perfect coordination of the dancers and singers added a rhythmic charm to the performance.舞蹈演员和歌手们配合得很好，使演出更具魅力。

13 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

14 sanitation   

n.公共卫生，环境卫生，卫生设备

参考例句：

• The location is exceptionally poor,viewed from the sanitation point.从卫生角度来看，这个地段非常糟糕。
• Many illnesses are the result,f inadequate sanitation.许多疾病都来源于不健全的卫生设施。

15 hygiene   

n.健康法，卫生学 （a.hygienic）

参考例句：

• Their course of study includes elementary hygiene and medical theory.他们的课程包括基础卫生学和医疗知识。
• He's going to give us a lecture on public hygiene.他要给我们作关于公共卫生方面的报告。

16 migration   

n.迁移，移居，（鸟类等的）迁徙

参考例句：

• Swallows begin their migration south in autumn.燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。
• He described the vernal migration of birds in detail.他详细地描述了鸟的春季移居。

17 kits   

衣物和装备( kit的名词复数 )； 成套用品； 配套元件

参考例句：

• Keep your kits closed and locked when not in use. 不用的话把你的装备都锁好放好。
• Gifts Articles, Toy and Games, Wooden Toys, Puzzles, Craft Kits. 采购产品礼品，玩具和游戏，木制的玩具，智力玩具，手艺装备。

18 administrator   

n.经营管理者，行政官员

参考例句：

• The role of administrator absorbed much of Ben's energy.行政职务耗掉本很多精力。
• He has proved himself capable as administrator.他表现出管理才能。