TED演讲:如何成为生化人并扩展人类潜能(6)

The answer was Team Cyborg, a team of surgeons, scientists and engineers

答案就来自于“生化人团队”，一个由外科医生、科学家和工程师组成的团队，

assembled at MIT to rebuild Jim back to his former climbing prowess.

聚集在麻省理工学院帮助吉姆恢复他以前的攀登能力。

Team member Dr. Matthew Carty amputated Jim's badly damaged leg at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston,

小组成员马修·卡蒂博士在波士顿的布莱根妇女医院切除了吉姆严重受损的腿，

using the AMI surgical¹ procedure.

完全按照AMI手术步骤进行手术。

Tendon pulleys were created and attached to Jim's tibia bone to reconnect the opposing muscles.

他把创建的肌腱滑轮连接到吉姆的胫骨上，以重新连接拮抗肌。

The AMI procedure reestablished the neural² link between Jim's ankle-foot muscles and his brain.

AMI过程重新建立了吉姆脚踝脚肌肉和他的大脑之间的神经联系。

When Jim moves his phantom³ limb, the reconnected muscles move in dynamic pairs,

当吉姆移动幻肢时，重新连接的肌肉也动态成对移动，

causing signals of proprioception to pass through nerves to the brain,

把本体信号通过神经传送到大脑，

so Jim experiences normal sensations with ankle-foot positions and movements, even when blindfolded⁴.

因此，吉姆能体验到脚踝-脚的位置和运动的正常感觉，即使蒙上眼睛。

Here's Jim at the MIT laboratory after his surgeries.

这是在麻省理工实验室中手术后的吉姆。

We electrically linked Jim's AMI muscles, via the electrodes, to a bionic limb,

我们通过电极将吉姆的AMI肌肉连接到仿生肢体上，

and Jim quickly learned how to move the bionic limb in four distinct ankle-foot movement directions.

吉姆很快就学会了如何移动仿生肢体，四个不同方向的脚踝-脚均可移动。

We were excited by these results, but then Jim stood up, and what occurred was truly remarkable⁵.

大家都对此兴奋不已，而当吉姆站起来时，接下来发生的一切则令人惊叹：

All the natural biomechanics mediated⁶ by the central nervous system emerged via the synthetic⁷ limb as an involuntary, reflexive action.

所有由中枢神经系统调节的假体生理发展经由合成肢体以一种无意识的反射行为融合在一起。

All the intricacies of foot placement during stair ascent⁸ -- emerged before our eyes.

上楼时脚步错综复杂的位置--呈现在我们眼前。

Here's Jim descending⁹ steps, reaching with his bionic toe to the next stair tread,

这是吉姆走下台阶，正伸出仿生脚趾到下一个台阶，

automatically exhibiting natural motions without him even trying to move his limb.

自动地展现自然的动作，甚至不用有意识地试着移动肢体。

Because Jim's central nervous system is receiving the proprioceptive signals,

因为吉姆的中枢神经系统能接收本体感知信号，

it knows exactly how to control the synthetic limb in a natural way.

所以，它确切知道如何自然地控制合成肢体。

1 surgical   

adj.外科的，外科医生的，手术上的

参考例句：

• He performs the surgical operations at the Red Cross Hospital.他在红十字会医院做外科手术。
• All surgical instruments must be sterilised before use.所有的外科手术器械在使用之前，必须消毒。

2 neural   

adj.神经的，神经系统的

参考例句：

• The neural network can preferably solve the non- linear problem.利用神经网络建模可以较好地解决非线性问题。
• The information transmission in neural system depends on neurotransmitters.信息传递的神经途径有赖于神经递质。

3 phantom   

n.幻影，虚位，幽灵；adj.错觉的，幻影的，幽灵的

参考例句：

• I found myself staring at her as if she were a phantom.我发现自己瞪大眼睛看着她，好像她是一个幽灵。
• He is only a phantom of a king.他只是有名无实的国王。

4 blindfolded   

v.（尤指用布）挡住（某人）的视线( blindfold的过去式 )；蒙住（某人）的眼睛；使不理解；蒙骗

参考例句：

• The hostages were tied up and blindfolded. 人质被捆绑起来并蒙上了眼睛。
• They were each blindfolded with big red handkerchiefs. 他们每个人的眼睛都被一块红色大手巾蒙住了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 remarkable   

adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的

参考例句：

• She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。
• These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines.这些汽车因发动机没有噪音而不同凡响。

6 mediated   

调停，调解，斡旋( mediate的过去式和过去分词 )； 居间促成； 影响…的发生； 使…可能发生

参考例句：

• He mediated in the quarrel between the two boys. 他调解两个孩子之间的争吵。
• The government mediated between the workers and the employers. 政府在工人与雇主间搞调和。

7 synthetic   

adj.合成的，人工的；综合的；n.人工制品

参考例句：

• We felt the salesman's synthetic friendliness.我们感觉到那位销售员的虚情假意。
• It's a synthetic diamond.这是人造钻石。

8 ascent   

n.(声望或地位)提高；上升，升高；登高

参考例句：

• His rapid ascent in the social scale was surprising.他的社会地位提高之迅速令人吃惊。
• Burke pushed the button and the elevator began its slow ascent.伯克按动电钮，电梯开始缓慢上升。

9 descending   

n. 下行 adj. 下降的

参考例句：

• The results are expressed in descending numerical order . 结果按数字降序列出。
• The climbers stopped to orient themselves before descending the mountain. 登山者先停下来确定所在的位置，然后再下山。