美国有线新闻 CNN 美疾控中心发布新指南 完全接种者可不戴口罩

We're starting with a look at some new guidance and some questions about it when it comes to wearing masks in the United States.

我们首先来关注美国佩戴口罩的最新指南以及因此引发的一些问题。

Late last week, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said

上周晚些时候，美国疾病控制和预防中心（简称CDC）表示，

most Americans who are fully¹ vaccinated² against COVID-19 can now stop wearing masks whether they're indoors or outdoors.

完全接种新冠肺炎疫苗的美国人在室内和室外均可以不再佩戴口罩。

And that they no longer need to keep their distance from each other.

而且也无需保持社交距离。

One thing to point out here is that this is guidance from the CDC, it's not national law.

这里需要指出的是，这是美国疾控中心的指导意见，并非国家法律。

Many U.S. states did not require wearing masks whether people were vaccinated or not

无论人们是否接种了疫苗，美国许多州并未规定人们必须佩戴口罩，

but several states that did have mask mandates³ removed them after the new CDC guidance came out.

而在疾控中心的最新指南发布后，多个州解除了强制口罩令。

Until last week, the CDC had advised that even Americans who'd been vaccinated needed to keep masks on when they were indoors or in crowds.

直到上周，美国疾控中心还建议，即使是接种过疫苗的美国人，在室内或人群中也要佩戴口罩。

The health agency said they still might be carrying the virus.

这个卫生机构当时表示，因为已接种疫苗人群仍可能携带病毒。

Now, it says the latest evidence indicates its unlikely the vaccinated people are carrying the virus so they can be mask free.

现在，该机构表示，最新证据表明已接种疫苗人群不太可能携带病毒，因此他们可以不再佩戴口罩。

Publix, Starbucks, Walmart and Walt Disney World were among the companies that changed their mask policies following the new guidance.

新指南公布后，美国大众超级市场、星巴克、沃尔玛和迪斯尼世界等公司修改了各自的口罩佩戴规定。

They created some confusion in some other businesses which are trying to decide what their policies are for customers and employees returning to work.

但新指南也给某些企业带来了问题，这些企业正在设法决定适用于顾客和返岗员工的政策。

And in schools where many students are too young to eligible⁴ for an authorized⁵ emergency use vaccine⁶.

而在学校，许多学生因未到接种年龄而尚未接种获得紧急使用授权的新冠肺炎疫苗。

The CDC says schools should keep mask mandates in place.

美国疾控中心表示，学校应该继续实施口罩强制令。

None of the vaccines⁷ has been shown to be 100 percent effective against coronavirus.

目前，没有一种疫苗被证明对冠状病毒100%有效。

There've been a number of breakthrough cases recorded when people who were fully vaccinated still tested positive for the disease.

多例“突破性”病例记录表明，完全接种疫苗者仍可能感染病毒。

And America's union of registered nurses has spoken out against the CDC's decision,

美国注册护士工会公开反对美国疾防中心的决定，

saying it's not based on science, doesn't protect public health and threatens medical patients and workers across America.

称该决定不具备科学依据，不能保护公众健康，而且会威胁到患者和美国其他工作人员。

The union says it's too soon to relax mask mandates.

美国注册护士工会表示，现在放宽口罩强制令为时过早。

CDC data shows that new coronavirus cases in the U.S. have dropped dramatically since their peak in January.

美国疾控中心的数据显示，自一月份达到峰值以来，美国新增冠状病毒病例已出现大幅下降。

Experts say that this is because of vaccinations⁸ and natural immunities⁹ in people who've already had the disease.

专家表示，这得益于疫苗接种以及人们感染病毒后产生的自然免疫力。

1 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

2 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

3 mandates   

托管（mandate的第三人称单数形式）

参考例句：

• Individual mandates would require all people to purchase health insurance. 个人托管要求所有人都要购买健康保险。
• While I agree with those benefits, I'm not a supporter of mandates. 我同意上述好处，我不是授权软件的支持者。

4 eligible   

adj.有条件被选中的；(尤指婚姻等)合适(意)的

参考例句：

• He is an eligible young man.他是一个合格的年轻人。
• Helen married an eligible bachelor.海伦嫁给了一个中意的单身汉。

5 authorized   

a.委任的，许可的

参考例句：

• An administrative order is valid if authorized by a statute.如果一个行政命令得到一个法规的认可那么这个命令就是有效的。

6 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

7 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

8 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 immunities   

免除，豁免( immunity的名词复数 )； 免疫力

参考例句：

• Supplying nutrients and immunities to my baby? 为我的宝贝提供营养物质和免疫物质？
• And these provide immunities against the a host of infections and diseases. 这些物质可提高婴儿的免疫力，使之免受病毒感染和疾病侵袭。