历届美国总统简介：威廉·麦金莱

威廉·麦金莱（William Mckinley，1843年1月29日-1901年9月14日）是美国第25任（第29届）总统。他18岁从军。南北战争结束后，22岁的他以少校军衔退伍，先后当过律师、县检察官、众议员和州长，1897年当选为总统。执政后，他采取提高关税和稳定货币的政策，加上其他措施，美国的经济有了很大起色，麦金莱从而获得“繁荣总统”的美名。对外发动美西战争。在布法罗被无政府主义者刺杀，享年58岁。麦金莱是美国立国后被刺身亡的第三位总统。

William McKinley, Jr. was the 25th President of the United States, serving between 1897 and 1901. He was born in 1843 in Ohio. McKinley briefly¹ attended Allegheny College, and was teaching in a country school when the Civil War broke out. He enlisted² as a private in the Union Army. After the war he studied law and opened his own office. He married Ida Saxton, the daughter of a local banker.

 

At the age of 34, McKinley won a seat in Congress. His attractive personality and quick intelligence enabled him to rise rapidly. He was appointed to the powerful Ways and Means Committee. A colleague recalled that he generally "represented the newer view," and "on the great new questions, he was generally on the side of the public and against private interests."

 

He took office in 1897. He focused on restoring prosperity to the country and set the value of the dollar against the price of gold. This helped end the gloom following the Panic of 1893. However, foreign policy, dominated McKinley's term and in the 100-day war, the United States destroyed the Spanish fleet outside Santiago harbor in Cuba, seized Manila in the Philippines, and occupied Puerto Rico.

 

In 1900, McKinley won a second term in office. He was shot two times while greeting the public in Buffalo³, New York on September 5, 1901. He asked the crowd not to hurt his assassin, anarchist⁴ Leon Czolgosz. McKinley died eight days later. He was the last president to have fought in the American Civil War and was succeeded by his vice⁵ president Theodore Roosevelt.

 

1 briefly   

adv.简单地，简短地

参考例句：

• I want to touch briefly on another aspect of the problem.我想简单地谈一下这个问题的另一方面。
• He was kidnapped and briefly detained by a terrorist group.他被一个恐怖组织绑架并短暂拘禁。

2 enlisted   

adj.应募入伍的v.（使）入伍， （使）参军( enlist的过去式和过去分词 )；获得（帮助或支持）

参考例句：

• enlisted men and women 男兵和女兵
• He enlisted with the air force to fight against the enemy. 他应募加入空军对敌作战。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

3 buffalo   

n.(北美)野牛；(亚洲)水牛

参考例句：

• Asian buffalo isn't as wild as that of America's. 亚洲水牛比美洲水牛温顺些。
• The boots are made of buffalo hide. 这双靴子是由水牛皮制成的。

4 anarchist   

n.无政府主义者

参考例句：

• You must be an anarchist at heart.你在心底肯定是个无政府主义者。
• I did my best to comfort them and assure them I was not an anarchist.我尽量安抚他们并让它们明白我并不是一个无政府主义者。

5 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。