历届美国总统简介：林登·贝恩斯·约翰逊

林登·贝恩斯·约翰逊（Lyndon Baines Johnson）是美国第36任总统。他于1908年8月27日生于德克萨斯州中部草原。约翰逊家族曾参与了约翰逊城的建设。约翰逊在任时提出了与"新政"、“公平施政”、“新边疆”一脉相承的改革计划。主要功绩：通过老年保健医疗制度、医疗补助制度、民权法和选举权法。同时，他让美国积极介入越南战争，随着战争的拖延，约翰逊总统的声望持续下降。即使其外交政策的失败，但是因为他的国内政策成绩斐然，约翰逊在一些史学家对历届总统的评价中依然获得高排名。

Lyndon Baines Johnson was the 36th President of the United States, serving from 1963 to 1969. He was born in 1908 on a small farmhouse¹ in central Texas and felt the pinch of rural poverty as he grew up. He worked his way through Southwest Texas State Teachers College and graduated as a teacher in 1930. In 1937 he campaigned successfully for the House of Representatives.

 

During World War II he served briefly² in the Navy and won a Silver Star medal in the South Pacific. He served six terms in the House of Representatives and was elected to the Senate in 1948. In 1953, he became the youngest Minority Leader in Senate history, and the following year, when the Democrats³ won control, Majority Leader. His political skill helped a number of key Eisenhower measures pass.

 

In the 1960 campaign, Johnson, as John F. Kennedy's running mate, was elected Vice⁴ President. On November 22, 1963, when Kennedy was assassinated⁵, Johnson was sworn in as President. He continued Kennedy’s work and passed a new civil rights bill and a tax cut. He urged the nation "to build a great society, a place where the meaning of man's life matches the marvels⁶ of man's labor⁷."

 

In 1964, Johnson was re-elected with 61% of the vote and the widest winning margin⁸ in U.S. history - more than 15,000,000 votes. He passed acts to increase education, fight disease and poverty, and provide the elderly with medical care. He did not run for re-election because he wanted to focus on world peace during the Vietnam War. He died of a heart attack, aged⁹ 64, at his Texas ranch¹⁰ in 1973.

 

1 farmhouse   

n.农场住宅（尤指主要住房）

参考例句：

• We fell for the farmhouse as soon as we saw it.我们对那所农舍一见倾心。
• We put up for the night at a farmhouse.我们在一间农舍投宿了一夜。

2 briefly   

adv.简单地，简短地

参考例句：

• I want to touch briefly on another aspect of the problem.我想简单地谈一下这个问题的另一方面。
• He was kidnapped and briefly detained by a terrorist group.他被一个恐怖组织绑架并短暂拘禁。

3 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

5 assassinated   

v.暗杀( assassinate的过去式和过去分词 )；中伤；诋毁；破坏

参考例句：

• The prime minister was assassinated by extremists. 首相遭极端分子暗杀。
• Then, just two days later, President Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas. 跟着在两天以后，肯尼迪总统在达拉斯被人暗杀。 来自辞典例句

6 marvels   

n.奇迹( marvel的名词复数 )；令人惊奇的事物（或事例）；不平凡的成果；成就v.惊奇，对…感到惊奇( marvel的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• The doctor's treatment has worked marvels : the patient has recovered completely. 该医生妙手回春，病人已完全康复。 来自辞典例句
• Nevertheless he revels in a catalogue of marvels. 可他还是兴致勃勃地罗列了一堆怪诞不经的事物。 来自辞典例句

7 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

8 margin   

n.页边空白；差额；余地，余裕；边，边缘

参考例句：

• We allowed a margin of 20 minutes in catching the train.我们有20分钟的余地赶火车。
• The village is situated at the margin of a forest.村子位于森林的边缘。

9 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

10 ranch   

n.大牧场，大农场

参考例句：

• He went to work on a ranch.他去一个大农场干活。
• The ranch is in the middle of a large plateau.该牧场位于一个辽阔高原的中部。