历届美国总统简介：杰拉尔德·鲁道夫·福特

杰拉尔德·鲁道夫·福特（英语：Gerald Rudolph Ford¹, Jr.，1913年7月14日－2006年12月26日），生于美国内布拉斯加州奥马哈，美国政治家，美国第37任副总统和第38任总统，第二次世界大战美国海军服役。

战后福特成为了一个坚定的“国际主义者”，他在共和党内击败了当时在职的党魁，被选举为代表密歇根大急流村地区的众议员。1963年他被选为众议院少数党领导人，他任众议员直到1973年。在水门事件高潮时期，当时的副总统斯皮罗·阿格纽辞职后福特被任命为副总统（任期为1973年12月6日－1974年8月9日）。1974年8月9日理查德·尼克松辞职后福特继任美国总统。他是美国历史上第一位未经选举就接任副总统以及总统的人。他与他的副总统纳尔逊·洛克菲勒是美国历史上仅有的两位并无经过选举就接任的总统和副总统。

福特执政期间，美国从越南撤军、美国国内通货膨胀，经济萧条。由于在美国国会内民主党占多数，政府无法通过重要的法律。福特被迫用尽他的否决权。许多人对福特特赦尼克松也非常不满。在1976年大选中，民主党总统候选人吉米·卡特以微弱优势击败了福特。

 

Gerald Rudolph "Jerry" Ford, Jr. was the 38th President of the United States, serving between 1974 and 1977. He was born Leslie Lynch King, Jr. in 1913 in Omaha, Nebraska. His parents separated 16 days after his birth. His name changed two years later after his mother married Gerald Rudolff Ford. He was successful in many sports at college and graduated from Yale Law School in 1941.

 

Ford interrupted his legal career in 1942 when he joined the Navy after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbour. He served with distinction in the Pacific and was awarded the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with nine stars. After the war, he entered local Republican politics in Grand Rapids, which he served in the House of Representatives for 25 years. He became known in the House as a "Congressman²'s Congressman".

 

The Republicans elected Ford as the new House Minority Leader in 1964. He held the position for eight years before being elevated to Vice³ President in 1973, following the resignation of incumbent⁴ Agnes Spiro. A year later he became the first President to take the office under the Twenty-fifth Amendment⁵. In the aftermath of Nixon and the Watergate scandal, he succeeded the first President ever to resign.

 

As President, Ford calmed the controversies⁶ surrounding former President Nixon by granting him a full pardon. He viewed himself as "a moderate in domestic affairs, a conservative in fiscal⁷ affairs, and a dyed-in-the-wool internationalist in foreign affairs." He lost the 1976 election to Jimmy Carter. He died thirty years later in 2006, at the age of 93. He was the longest-lived U.S. President in American history.

 

1 Ford   

n.浅滩，水浅可涉处；v.涉水，涉过

参考例句：

• They were guarding the bridge,so we forded the river.他们驻守在那座桥上，所以我们只能涉水过河。
• If you decide to ford a stream,be extremely careful.如果已决定要涉过小溪，必须极度小心。

2 Congressman   

n.（美）国会议员

参考例句：

• He related several anecdotes about his first years as a congressman.他讲述自己初任议员那几年的几则轶事。
• The congressman is meditating a reply to his critics.这位国会议员正在考虑给他的批评者一个答复。

3 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

4 incumbent   

adj.成为责任的，有义务的；现任的，在职的

参考例句：

• He defeated the incumbent governor by a large plurality.他以压倒多数票击败了现任州长。
• It is incumbent upon you to warn them.你有责任警告他们。

5 amendment   

n.改正，修正，改善，修正案

参考例句：

• The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。
• The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。

6 controversies   

争论

参考例句：

• We offer no comment on these controversies here. 对于这些争议，我们在这里不作任何评论。 来自英汉非文学 - 历史
• The controversies surrounding population growth are unlikely to subside soon. 围绕着人口增长问题的争论看来不会很快平息。 来自辞典例句

7 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。