纽约时报 伊朗问题和金正恩问题 特朗普与博尔顿各执一词(2)

“Bolton is useful for him,” said Mark Dubowitz,

“对特朗普眼里，选博尔顿会很有用，”

the chief executive of the Foundation for Defense¹ of Democracies, a group that advocates a tough approach to Iran.

提倡对伊朗采取强硬姿态的国防民主基金会首席执行官马克·杜博维茨说道。

“Bolton is the uber hawk² from central casting.

“因为博尔顿是焦点人物中的超级鹰派人物。

The North Koreans hate him. The Iranians hate him.

朝鲜人民痛恨他。伊朗人民也痛恨他。

Both regimes have gone after him — I think Bolton loves it, and I think the president does, too.

这两大政权也都在追击他——但我觉得博尔顿反倒喜欢这样，而且总统也喜欢这样。

It opens up some diplomatic space for him to go back and forth³ between a very hard-line position and holding talks.”

因为这为他赢得了一些外交空间，让他能够在非常强硬的立场和举行会谈之间来回切换。”

Mr. Trump⁴ chose Mr. Bolton as his third national security adviser⁵ last year,

去年，特朗普选中了博尔顿作为他的三号国家安全顾问，

selecting a longtime conservative voice

一个和总统一样喜欢直言不讳，

who shared the president’s penchant⁶ for blunt talk and who regularly defended him on Fox News.

也经常在福克斯新闻上为总统辩护的老资格保守派。

Mr. Bolton previously⁷ served in multiple Republican administrations,

此前，博尔顿已经在多届共和党政府中任职，

most recently as President George W. Bush’s ambassador to the United Nations.

最近一次担任的是乔治·布什政府的驻联合国大使。

With his trademark⁸ bushy mustache and sharp tongue, Mr. Bolton, 70,

现年70岁，有着标志性的浓密胡须和伶俐口齿的博尔顿

has been a leading national security hawk for years,

多年来一直是国家安全方面首要的鹰派人物，

making a name for himself as a supporter of the Iraq war, a champion of American sovereignty

在支持伊拉克战争，捍卫美国主权，

and an unrelenting critic of international organizations and arms control treaties he deems tilted⁹ against the United States.

以及无情鞭挞他认为不利于美国的国际组织和军备控制条约等方面是出了名的。

After leaving Mr. Bush’s administration,

离开布什政府后，

he harshly criticized the 43rd president for going soft in negotiations¹⁰ with North Korea.

他对美国的这位第43任总统在对朝谈判中的软弱态度提出了严厉的批评。

Mr. Trump picked Mr. Bolton in part as a reaction against the narrative¹¹

特朗普之所以选择博尔顿，部分是为了反对那种

that the current and retired¹² generals in his administration were really running things,

说其政府的现任和退休将军们掌握了这个国家的实权的言论，

and in part to find a polar opposite of Mr. Bolton’s predecessor¹³, Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster.

还有一部分是为了找个和他的前任麦克马斯特中将截然不同的顾问。

It also helped that Mr. Bolton had the support of Sheldon G. Adelson,

选择博尔顿的好处还包括，博尔顿得到了谢尔登·埃德森的支持，

the casino mogul and Republican financier who has been a key backer of the president.

而后者不仅是赌场大亨，也是一直充当着总统的一位关键主要支持者的共和党金融家。

Unlike General McMaster, Mr. Bolton figured out how to brief Mr. Trump in a more effective way,

据政府官员称，不同于麦克马斯特将军，博尔顿想出了如何有效地

according to administration officials, but the two have never bonded¹⁴ on a personal level,

向特朗普通报情况的办法，但两人并无私交，

which is so important in this White House.

而私交在这届白宫是非常重要的。

Mr. Trump is not fond of Mr. Bolton, according to a half-dozen advisers¹⁵ and associates,

六名顾问和一些助理都表示，特朗普不喜欢博尔顿，

and he makes no secret of it in private.

他在私底下对此也毫不掩饰。

And in some fundamental ways, the two diverge¹⁶ sharply over their approach to the world.

两人在行事方式上也存在着巨大的根本性分歧。

Mr. Trump came to office vowing¹⁷ to pull out of overseas wars

特朗普上任时曾信誓旦旦地说要退出海外战争，

and has made diplomacy¹⁸ with North Korea a signature initiative.

执政以来，他还将与朝鲜的外交关系作为了他的一大标志性举措。

Mr. Bolton has been an advocate of military action and an opponent of negotiations with North Korea.

而博尔顿一直主张对朝采取军事行动，反对与朝鲜谈判。

In private, Mr. Trump has made fun of his adviser’s militant¹⁹ reputation,

私下里，特朗普会取笑这位顾问的好战名声，

suggesting that he was the one restraining Mr. Bolton rather than the other way around.

暗示是他约束博尔顿，而不是博尔顿约束他。

“If it was up to John, we’d be in four wars now,” one senior official has recalled the president saying.

一位高级官员回忆，总统曾说：“如果真的是约翰说了算，我们现在怕是都已经打了四回仗了。”

1 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

2 hawk   

n.鹰，骗子；鹰派成员

参考例句：

• The hawk swooped down on the rabbit and killed it.鹰猛地朝兔子扑下来,并把它杀死。
• The hawk snatched the chicken and flew away.老鹰叼了小鸡就飞走了。

3 forth   

adv.向前；向外，往外

参考例句：

• The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
• He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

4 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

5 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

6 penchant   

n.爱好，嗜好；（强烈的）倾向

参考例句：

• She has a penchant for Indian food.她爱吃印度食物。
• He had a penchant for playing jokes on people.他喜欢拿人开玩笑。

7 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

8 trademark   

n.商标；特征；vt.注册的…商标

参考例句：

• The trademark is registered on the book of the Patent Office.该商标已在专利局登记注册。
• The trademark of the pen was changed.这钢笔的商标改了。

9 tilted   

v. 倾斜的

参考例句：

• Suddenly the boat tilted to one side. 小船突然倾向一侧。
• She tilted her chin at him defiantly. 她向他翘起下巴表示挑衅。

10 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

11 narrative   

n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的

参考例句：

• He was a writer of great narrative power.他是一位颇有记述能力的作家。
• Neither author was very strong on narrative.两个作者都不是很善于讲故事。

12 retired   

adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的

参考例句：

• The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
• Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。

13 predecessor   

n.前辈，前任

参考例句：

• It will share the fate of its predecessor.它将遭受与前者同样的命运。
• The new ambassador is more mature than his predecessor.新大使比他的前任更成熟一些。

14 bonded   

n.有担保的，保税的，粘合的

参考例句：

• The whisky was taken to bonded warehouses at Port Dundee.威士忌酒已送到邓迪港的保稅仓库。
• This adhesive must be applied to both surfaces which are to be bonded together.要粘接的两个面都必须涂上这种黏合剂。

15 advisers   

顾问，劝告者( adviser的名词复数 )； （指导大学新生学科问题等的）指导教授

参考例句：

• a member of the President's favoured circle of advisers 总统宠爱的顾问班子中的一员
• She withdrew to confer with her advisers before announcing a decision. 她先去请教顾问然后再宣布决定。

16 diverge   

v.分叉，分歧，离题，使...岔开，使转向

参考例句：

• This is where our opinions diverge from each other.这就是我们意见产生分歧之处。
• Don't diverge in your speech.发言不要离题。

17 vowing   

起誓，发誓（vow的现在分词形式）

参考例句：

• President Bush is vowing to help Minneapolis rebuild its collapsed bridge. 布什总统承诺将帮助明尼阿波利斯重建坍塌的大桥。
• President Bush is vowing to help Minneapolis rebuild this collapse bridge. 布什总统发誓要帮助明尼阿波利斯重建起这座坍塌的桥梁。

18 diplomacy   

n.外交；外交手腕，交际手腕

参考例句：

• The talks have now gone into a stage of quiet diplomacy.会谈现在已经进入了“温和外交”阶段。
• This was done through the skill in diplomacy. 这是通过外交手腕才做到的。

19 militant   

adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士

参考例句：

• Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。
• He is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。