美国国家公共电台 NPR 俄罗斯反对派领袖纳瓦尔尼执意回国 落地即被捕

Five months ago, Alexei Navalny, a prominent critic of Russia's president, Vladimir Putin, went to Germany. He was very sick. He'd been poisoned. Authorities in Russia warned Navalny, if you come back, we'll arrest you. And then yesterday, he went back.

五个月前，俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京的著名批评者阿列克谢·纳瓦尔尼前往德国。当时他病得非常严重。病因为中毒。俄罗斯有关部门警告纳瓦尔尼称，如果你回来，我们就会逮捕你。而昨天，他回到了俄罗斯。

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

（录音档案）

ALEXEI NAVALNY: (Non-English language spoken).

阿列克谢·纳瓦尔尼：（用非英语语言讲话）。

KING: After his plane landed in Moscow, Navalny said the criminal cases against him are fabricated. He said the truth is on his side. He said he has no reason to be afraid. Then he said goodbye to his wife, and the police arrested him. NPR's Lucian Kim is following this from Moscow. Hi, Lucian.

金：纳尔瓦尼乘坐的飞机在莫斯科降落后，他表示针对他的刑事案件是捏造的。他表示，真相在他这边。他说他没有理由害怕。他向妻子告别后，警察逮捕了他。NPR新闻的卢西安·金正在莫斯科关注此事。你好，卢西恩。

LUCIAN KIM, BYLINE¹: Good morning.

卢西安·金连线：早上好。

KING: Why did Navalny go back if he knew he was going to be arrested?

金：如果纳瓦尔尼知道他要被捕，那他为什么要回去？

KIM: Well, Alexei Navalny has never shied away from publishing an investigation² into government corruption³ or attending a protest rally because he was afraid of arrest. He spent literally⁴ hundreds of days in jail in the past and has faced criminal cases that he says are trumped⁶ up. As you mentioned, he was in Germany for the past several months recovering from a poisoning with a nerve agent, but he vowed⁷ to return to Russia. Yesterday, the flight he was on was diverted to another airport at the last minute. And maybe that's because crowds of his supporters had gathered at the airport where he was scheduled to land. Navalny had time to make the statement we just heard, and then he was arrested by police.

金：阿列克谢·纳瓦尔尼从未因害怕被捕而回避公开针对政府腐败的调查或出席抗议集会。他曾被监禁数百天，也曾面临几起刑事案件，他称这些案件是捏造的。你刚才提到，过去几个月他一直在德国，因神经毒剂中毒接受治疗，但他发誓要回到俄罗斯。昨天，他乘坐的航班在最后一刻改道到另一个机场。也许是因为他的支持者聚集在他预定降落的机场。在被警方逮捕前，纳瓦尔尼发表了我们刚才听到的声明。

KING: All of this makes him a fascinating, almost cinematic character. What does he represent, and how did he get to this point?

金：这一切使他相当迷人，就像是电影中的人物。他代表着什么？他是如何走到这一步的？

KIM: Well, Navalny is a lawyer by training. He's been an online gadfly for years uncovering shady government deals and attacking President Putin's rigid⁸ political system. But he's also developed a real offline presence by opening campaign offices across Russia when he ran for president in 2018, even though he was barred from that election. And then last summer, he was poisoned on a domestic flight. And only after the German government intervened was he allowed to be flown out for medical treatment. Navalny blames Putin for ordering the poisoning. The Kremlin, of course, denies any involvement. And Putin has even suggested that Navalny is too insignificant⁹ to be killed.

金：纳瓦尔尼是专业律师。多年来，他一直在网络上挑战权威，揭露政府的黑幕交易，并攻击普京总统僵化的政治体制。但他在2018年竞选总统时也在俄罗斯各地开设了竞选办公室，从而形成了真正的线下存在，尽管他最后被禁止参加那届选举。去年夏天，他在俄罗斯国内航班上中毒。在德国政府干预之后，他才得以乘飞机离开俄罗斯就诊。纳瓦尔尼指责普京下令下毒。当然，克里姆林宫否认与此事有关。而普京甚至暗示，纳瓦尔尼太微不足道，不值得被杀害。

KING: Well, he is a very significant member of the opposition¹⁰, clearly. So what does his arrest mean for them?

金：很明显，他是反对派中非常重要的一员。那他被捕对他们意味着什么？

KIM: Well, I think it's important to understand that there is no organized opposition in Russia besides a handful of political parties that cooperate closely with the Kremlin. And I think that's what makes Navalny such an outstanding figure because he mastered social media long before the government figured out what it was. He kept soldiering on even when he was relatively¹¹ unknown, calling people to protests and running that presidential campaign that was really doomed¹² from the start. So his return is hugely important to people who oppose Putin. Many Russians — and I personally know quite a few — have left Russia because of the repressive political climate here. Navalny could easily have stayed in exile, but now he's giving a signal that his place is in Russia, and he sees himself as a future leader of the country.

金：我认为重要的是要明白，除了少数几个与克里姆林宫密切合作的政党外，俄罗斯没有任何有组织的反对派。我认为这就是纳瓦尔尼成为如此杰出人物的原因，因为他早在政府弄清社交媒体是何之前就掌握了社交媒体。即使在他相对默默无闻的情况下，他仍继续坚持，号召人们抗议，并进行从一开始就注定要失败的总统竞选。因此，他的回归对那些反对普京的人来说非常重要。许多俄罗斯人因为该国的政治气氛压抑而离开俄罗斯，我个人也认识不少这样的人。纳瓦尔尼本可以轻易流亡海外，但现在他发出了一个信号，表明自己在俄罗斯，他自视为这个国家未来的领导人。

KING: And much of the world is watching this. So is Vladimir Putin risking anything by arresting him?

金：全球大部分地区都在关注这件事。那弗拉基米尔·普京逮捕他是否冒着任何风险？

KIM: Yeah, well, the authorities had hoped that by threatening Navalny with arrest, they could keep him away because his return presented them with a real Catch-22. You could either jail him and face international outrage¹³ or just let him continue his political activities. Right now, we do see that outrage internationally. The Trump⁵ administration and the incoming Biden administration have condemned¹⁴ the arrest. The Kremlin doesn't have high hopes for relations getting better under Biden, but the arrest of Navalny will mean things get off to a very rocky start and will make Putin even more isolated¹⁵ internationally.

金：没错，有关部门希望通过威胁逮捕来赶走纳瓦尔尼，因为他的归来使他们面临不可逾越的障碍。你可以将他关进监狱，面对国际社会的愤怒，也可以让他继续他的政治活动。现在，我们确实在国际社会看到了这种愤怒。特朗普政府和即将上任的拜登政府都对这次逮捕予以谴责。克里姆林宫对拜登执政期间两国关系的改善并不抱太大希望，但纳瓦尔尼被捕将意味着情况从一开始就相当艰难，并将使普京在国际上更加孤立。

KING: NPR's Lucian Kim in Moscow. Thanks, Lucian.

金：以上是NPR新闻的卢西安·金从莫斯科带来的报道。谢谢你，卢西安。

KIM: Thank you.

金：谢谢。

1 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

2 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

3 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

4 literally   

adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实

参考例句：

• He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
• Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。

5 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

6 trumped   

v.（牌戏）出王牌赢（一牌或一墩）( trump的过去分词 )；吹号公告，吹号庆祝；吹喇叭；捏造

参考例句：

• That woman trumped up various baseless charges against him. 那个女人捏造种种毫无根据的罪名指控他。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Several of his colleagues trumped up a complaint to get him removed from the job. 他的几位同事诬告他，使他丟掉了工作。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 vowed   

起誓，发誓（vow的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• He vowed quite solemnly that he would carry out his promise. 他非常庄严地发誓要实现他的诺言。
• I vowed to do more of the cooking myself. 我发誓自己要多动手做饭。

8 rigid   

adj.严格的，死板的；刚硬的，僵硬的

参考例句：

• She became as rigid as adamant.她变得如顽石般的固执。
• The examination was so rigid that nearly all aspirants were ruled out.考试很严，几乎所有的考生都被淘汰了。

9 insignificant   

adj.无关紧要的，可忽略的，无意义的

参考例句：

• In winter the effect was found to be insignificant.在冬季，这种作用是不明显的。
• This problem was insignificant compared to others she faced.这一问题与她面临的其他问题比较起来算不得什么。

10 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

11 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

12 doomed   

命定的

参考例句：

• The court doomed the accused to a long term of imprisonment. 法庭判处被告长期监禁。
• A country ruled by an iron hand is doomed to suffer. 被铁腕人物统治的国家定会遭受不幸的。

13 outrage   

n.暴行，侮辱，愤怒；vt.凌辱，激怒

参考例句：

• When he heard the news he reacted with a sense of outrage.他得悉此事时义愤填膺。
• We should never forget the outrage committed by the Japanese invaders.我们永远都不应该忘记日本侵略者犯下的暴行。

14 condemned   

adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。
• The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。

15 isolated   

adj.与世隔绝的

参考例句：

• His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
• Patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。