美国国家公共电台 NPR 土耳其退出"反家暴公约" 引发大规模抗议

Turkey's president shocked women's rights advocates last week when he pulled the country out of the Istanbul convention, which tries to combat violence against women, including domestic violence. Now, it was signed in Istanbul a decade ago. But religious conservatives who helped elect President Recep Tayyip Erdogan oppose it. NPR's Peter Kenyon reports on the protest that started after he pulled Turkey out.

上周，土耳其总统宣布该国退出《伊斯坦布尔公约》，这一公约旨在打击包括家庭暴力在内的暴力侵害女性行为，此举震惊了女权倡导者。该公约于十年前在伊斯坦布尔签署。但帮助雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安当选总统的宗教保守派人士反对这项公约。NPR新闻的彼得·肯扬将就土耳其退出公约后引发的抗议进行报道。

PETER KENYON, BYLINE: The decree drew immediate and widespread condemnation. In a statement, President Joe Biden called it a disheartening step backward for international efforts to end violence against women. A member of Erdogan's cabinet defended the decision by saying Turkey's constitution and bylaws provide all the protection women require. But women's rights groups weren't reassured. Within hours of the government's decree, hundreds of women and men gathered in Istanbul to protest the move.

彼得·肯扬连线：这项法令一经公布就引发广泛谴责。美国总统乔·拜登在声明中表示，这是结束针对女性暴力行为的国际努力的令人沮丧的倒退。埃尔多安内阁的一名成员为这一决定辩护时表示，土耳其宪法和地方法提供了女性所需要的一切保护。但女权组织无法安心。在政府颁布法令的几个小时内，数百名男女聚集在伊斯坦布尔抗议这一举措。

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UNIDENTIFIED GROUP: (Chanting in non-English language).

身份不明的人群：（用非英语语言高喊）。

KENYON: Demonstrators chanted, enforce the convention. Let the women live. Sixty-one-year-old Michelle and 37-year-old Aisha held a banner reading, no to harassment, violence and abuse. Both women asked that their family names not be used for fear of retribution from the government. Michelle called the withdrawal from the convention regressive and a huge setback for women.

肯扬：示威者高呼口号，“执行公约。让女性活着”。61岁的米歇尔和37岁的艾莎举着横幅，上面写着“禁止骚扰、暴力和虐待”。这两名女性都要求不要透露她们的姓氏，因为她们害怕受到政府的惩罚。米歇尔称退出公约是种倒退，对女性来说是巨大的挫折。

MICHELLE: (Through interpreter) It's a really bad signal for the men who will be — if they hurt a woman, they know that they're going to get very, very little punishment.

米歇尔：（通过翻译）这是一个非常坏的信号，如果男性伤害了一个女人，他们知道他们会得到非常非常少的惩罚。

KENYON: Aisha says she expects an upturn in violence against women as a result of this decision.

肯扬：艾莎表示，她预计这一决定将导致针对女性暴力行为的上升。

AISHA: (Through interpreter) Well, leaving this convention means — we already are in a climate of violence in Turkey as everyone knows. And this officially opens the road to more and more to this.

艾莎：（通过翻译）退出这项公约意味着——众所周知，我们在土耳其已经处于暴力气氛中。这为越来越多的人打开了暴力之路。

KENYON: Standing nearby, 29-year-old Emre Citin says men need to take up this cause as well.

肯扬：29岁的埃姆雷·西廷站在附近，他表示，男性也需要承担这项事业。

EMRE CITIN: (Non-English language spoken).

埃姆雷·西廷：（用非英语语言讲话）。

KENYON: I came here to stand with the women, he says, to say no to this unlawful move. It's not only the women, he adds. It's not right for men, women, children, everyone. Erdogan's director of communications, Fahrettin Altun, issued a statement clarifying the reasons for pulling out of the convention, which also requires states to protect LGBT rights. Altun says the Istanbul convention had been, quote, "hijacked by a group of people attempting to normalize homosexuality, which is incompatible with Turkey's social and family values."

肯扬：我来到这里是为了支持女性，为了对这一非法举动说不。他还表示，这不仅与女性有关。这项决定不利于男性、女性、儿童，不利于所有人。埃尔多安的通讯总监法赫雷丁·阿尔顿发表声明，澄清土耳其退出这项公约的原因，该公约还要求各国保护LGBT群体的权利。阿尔顿表示，《伊斯坦布尔公约》被“一群试图使同性恋正常化的人劫持，这与土耳其的社会和家庭价值观不符。”

On social media, critics say Erdogan issued the decree in a bid to shore up sagging support from his conservative religious backers, fearing that Turkey's sagging economy was eroding his base. But analysts say for other groups, the move is likely to harden opposition to Erdogan as he prepares to stand for reelection sometime between now and 2023. Peter Kenyon, NPR News, Istanbul.

批评人士在社交媒体上表示，埃尔多安发布这项法令是为了稳住保守派宗教支持者不断下跌的支持率，他担心土耳其的经济下滑正在侵蚀他的选民基础。但分析人士认为，此举可能会加剧其他团体对埃尔多安的反对，因为埃尔多安准备在现在到2023年之间的某个时间竞选连任。NPR新闻，彼得·肯扬伊斯坦布尔报道。