美国国家公共电台 NPR 英国与欧盟达成脱欧后自由贸易协议

The U.K. government has agreed to a post-Brexit free trade deal with the European Union with just a week to go before a New Year's Eve deadline. We are expecting very shortly to hear from British Prime Minister Boris Johnson, who was a key campaigner for Brexit during the landmark¹ referendum 4 1/2 years ago.

在新年前夕的最后期限前一周，英国政府与欧盟达成脱欧后自由贸易协议。我们期待稍后会听到英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊的讲话，在4年半前具有里程碑意义的英国脱欧公投期间，他曾是英国脱欧运动的关键领导者。

We want to turn to NPR's Frank Langfitt in London. He has covered the entire Brexit saga² and joins us for this moment. Good morning, Frank.

下面我们来连NPR新闻驻伦敦记者弗兰克·朗菲特。他报道了整场英国脱欧大戏，现在他将和我们连线。早上好，弗兰克。

FRANK LANGFITT, BYLINE³: Good morning, David.

弗兰克·朗菲特连线：早上好，大卫。

GREENE: Well, it feels like we're there.

格林：就好像我们在那里。

LANGFITT: It is. Actually, we're just watching the press conference in Brussels, the EU actually announcing this, and we are waiting for Prime Minister Johnson. It's — yeah, it's — feel like it's been a long time coming.

朗菲特：是的。实际上，我们刚刚在看布鲁塞尔召开的记者会，欧盟宣布了协议达成的消息，我们正在等待约翰逊首相的讲话。感觉这真是一段漫长的过程。

GREENE: Yeah. How did negotiators finally get across the finish line here?

格林：没错。谈判者最终是如何越过终点线的？

LANGFITT: Well, they had — they actually were — one of the big sticking points, believe it or not, David, was a matter of fish at fishing grounds. And I know that that might sound kind of odd to listeners in America...

朗菲特：双方之间存在一个争执焦点，大卫，信不信由你，焦点是渔场捕鱼问题。我知道美国听众可能会认为这有点奇怪……

GREENE: It all comes down to fish.

格林：归根结底是捕鱼的问题。

LANGFITT: Well, because fish are such a small part of, say, the European — particularly the U.K. economy. But this was also — it's a matter of how much more fish the European fleets could continue to take from U.K. waters. And it actually had a big symbolic⁴ value for people here.

朗菲特：对，因为渔业在欧洲，尤其是英国经济中的占比非常小。但这涉及欧洲捕鱼船仍可以从英国水域捕捞多少鱼。这对英国民众来说具有非常大的象征意义。

If you remember back in 2016, the Brexit campaign, the slogan was all about taking back control. And basically, the idea was that this nation-state, the United Kingdom, could be better off without the European Union, making its own rules and things like that. And so it was very hard for the U.K. to be able to say, yes, you can continue to take fish out of our waters. But in the end, the U.K. did agree to some things for the European Union, and that seems to have gotten it over the line today.

如果你还记得，2016年时英国脱欧运动的口号都与夺回控制权有关。基本上，当时人们的想法是，离开欧盟后，英国可以制定自己的规则和诸如此类的事情，因此这个国家会过得更好。因此，英国很难同意欧盟继续从其水域捕鱼。但最终，英国确实同意了欧盟的一些要求，今天一切似乎都尘埃落定了。

GREENE: But, I mean, this was so much more than symbolism. I mean, this caused such a debate about what to do and what Brexit could mean for the United Kingdom. Do we know what the deal does mean going forward?

格林：但我认为这不仅仅是象征意义。因为这引发了有关该做什么以及脱欧对英国意味着什么的争论。我们知道这项协议意味着什么吗？

LANGFITT: Yeah, we do. We're still waiting. It's apparently⁵ 2,000 pages of material.

朗菲特：是的，我们知道。我们仍在等待。因为显然，相关材料有2000页。

GREENE: Wow. Start reading, Frank.

格林：哇。开始读吧，弗兰克。

LANGFITT: And it actually does — it only — but it only covers so much of the economy. What it will allow, we believe, is the U.K. to export to the EU tariff⁶ — and quota-free. Well, that's really important to the — for the United Kingdom to be able to do that, to do sort of as frictionless⁷ trade as possible.

朗菲特：事实上，协议涵盖的大部分内容为经济问题。我们认为，协议将允许英国向欧盟出口时享受零关税和无配额待遇。对英国来说非常重要的是，能够做到这一点并尽可能地进行无摩擦贸易。

And then in the shorter run, just this week that you and I are talking about, there was real concern if there was a no-deal Brexit, if this all fell apart, you'd see even more chaos⁸ at the borders in about seven days when the Brexit transition period ends. Well, we've already gotten a look at what that could look like this week. France c?losed down the Port of Dover effectively and shut down the borders with the U.K. over this coronavirus variant⁹ that we've been — coronavirus variant we've been reporting on. And we have thousands and thousands of trucks still stuck on this side of the channel. So there, a no-deal Brexit is a great concern that things would be even worse and Brexit would cause more damage, frankly¹⁰.

从短期来看，我们本周讨论的是对无协议脱欧的担心，如果一切都崩盘，那在英国脱欧过渡期结束前的这七天，我们会看到更多混乱。可以说我们已经看到了这一周可能出现的情况。法国关闭了多佛港以及与英国的边界，原因是英国出现了冠状病毒变种，我们一直在报道这件事。这导致数成千上万辆卡车被困在英吉利海峡英国一侧。因此，坦率地说，无协议脱欧是令人非常担忧的问题，情况会进一步恶化，英国脱欧也会造成更严重损害。

GREENE: But I just want to be really clear here. I mean, I know you have 2,000 pages to read, so it's going to take a while...

格林：我想明确一下。我知道你有2000页资料要看，所以需要一段时间……

LANGFITT: Sure.

朗菲特：没错。

GREENE: ...To see exactly what's in here. But it is not clear that this will make the U.K. a richer country.

格林：了解里面的具体内容。但目前尚不清楚这是否会使英国成为更富裕的国家。

LANGFITT: No, no, no. Not at all. And I think, David, it's really important for people to understand that, certainly, a lot of economic analysts¹² and trade analysts would say that this deal averts¹³, you know, a real — basically could be a bit of a disaster at the end of the year. But it's not — it's what we would call a very thin deal. It doesn't deal with much with services. It's mostly with trade and products, imports and exports. It's a hard Brexit.

不，当然不。完全不会。大卫，我认为让人们明白这一点非常重要，当然，多名经济分析师和贸易分析师会说，这项协议避免了可能在年底出现的灾难。但我们称之为非常弱的协议。该协议与服务没有太大关系。主要涉及贸易和产品以及进出口。这是硬脱欧。

And economists¹⁴ say even with this deal, per capita income in this country is still going to be reduced, the growth, by about 6.4% over the next 10 years. So many people would say, certainly an economic analyst¹¹ would say, this was a choice between bad and worse.

经济学家表示，即使达成协议，英国的人均收入仍将在未来10年内减少6.4%。很多人会说，经济分析师肯定会说，这是在较差与更差之间做出的选择。

GREENE: OK, I'm sure we'll be hearing much more from you throughout the day, Frank. Just restating the news, the announcement is taking place as we speak. The U.K. government has reached a post-Brexit deal with the European Union. We'll be following this story.

格林：好，我相信我们一整天都会听到你带来的更多消息，弗兰克。重复一下这条新闻， 这项协议在我们说话时宣布。英国政府已与欧盟达成英国脱欧协议。我们将继续关注这则消息。

NPR's Frank Langfitt for us in London. Frank, thank you so much.

以上是NPR新闻的弗兰克·朗菲特从伦敦带来的报道。弗兰克，非常谢谢你。

LANGFITT: Great to talk, Dave.

朗菲特：很高兴和你连线，大卫。

1 landmark   

n.陆标，划时代的事，地界标

参考例句：

• The Russian Revolution represents a landmark in world history.俄国革命是世界历史上的一个里程碑。
• The tower was once a landmark for ships.这座塔曾是船只的陆标。

2 saga   

n.(尤指中世纪北欧海盗的)故事，英雄传奇

参考例句：

• The saga of Flight 19 is probably the most repeated story about the Bermuda Triangle.飞行19中队的传说或许是有关百慕大三角最重复的故事。
• The novel depicts the saga of a family.小说描绘了一个家族的传奇故事。

3 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

4 symbolic   

adj.象征性的，符号的，象征主义的

参考例句：

• It is symbolic of the fighting spirit of modern womanhood.它象征着现代妇女的战斗精神。
• The Christian ceremony of baptism is a symbolic act.基督教的洗礼仪式是一种象征性的做法。

5 apparently   

adv.显然地；表面上，似乎

参考例句：

• An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
• He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

6 tariff   

n.关税，税率；(旅馆、饭店等)价目表，收费表

参考例句：

• There is a very high tariff on jewelry.宝石类的关税率很高。
• The government is going to lower the tariff on importing cars.政府打算降低进口汽车的关税。

7 frictionless   

adj.没有摩擦力的

参考例句：

• The suspension of the mirrors must be very frictionless, but strongly damped. 反射镜的悬挂既要无摩擦，但又要有强阻尼。
• There is a frictionless hinge at C. C点是无摩擦铰。

8 chaos   

n.混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
• The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。

9 variant   

adj.不同的，变异的；n.变体，异体

参考例句：

• We give professional suggestions according to variant tanning stages for each customer.我们针对每位顾客不同的日晒阶段，提供强度适合的晒黑建议。
• In a variant of this approach,the tests are data- driven.这个方法的一个变种，是数据驱动的测试。

10 frankly   

adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说

参考例句：

• To speak frankly, I don't like the idea at all.老实说，我一点也不赞成这个主意。
• Frankly speaking, I'm not opposed to reform.坦率地说，我不反对改革。

11 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

12 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

13 averts   

防止，避免( avert的第三人称单数 )； 转移

参考例句：

• Cautious speech averts eavesdropping. Cautious behavior arrests gossip. 若欲杜人之口，莫若自己谨言；若欲塞人之耳，莫若自己慎行。
• A gift in secret averts anger; and a concealed bribe in the bosom, strong wrath. 暗中送的礼物，挽回怒气；怀中搋的贿赂，止息暴怒。

14 economists   

n.经济学家，经济专家( economist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
• Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》