美国国家公共电台 NPR 沙特王储多名王室高级成员 提高石油产量报复俄罗斯

Saudi Arabia's crown prince spent the weekend throwing international oil markets into chaos¹ and crushing dissent² at home. The move raises alarm again about Mohammed bin³ Salman's leadership. NPR's international affairs correspondent Jackie Northam joins us now in the studio. Welcome, Jackie.

上周末，沙特阿拉伯王储将国际石油市场推向混乱，并在国内镇压异议。此举再次引发外界对穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼领导力的担忧。我们将NPR新闻的国际事务记者杰基·诺瑟姆请到了演播室。欢迎你，杰基。

JACKIE NORTHAM, BYLINE⁴: Thank you, Audie.

杰基·诺瑟姆：谢谢，奥迪。

CORNISH: So there are credible⁵ reports that dozens of people, including Saudi royals, have been arrested over the past few days. What more have you learned?

柯尼什：有可靠报道称，过去几天，包括沙特王室成员在内的数十人被逮捕。你还了解到哪些消息？

NORTHAM: Yes, at least three senior Saudi princes were detained, and they're considered part of the inner circle of the royal family. And that includes a full brother to Saudi Arabia's King Salman. Military officers and government officials were also rounded up and detained by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, and he is the day-to-day ruler of the kingdom and is a man, Audie, who brooks⁶ no dissent.

诺瑟姆：对，至少有三名沙特王子被拘留，他们被认为是沙特王室核心集团的成员。被捕者包括沙特国王萨勒曼的亲兄弟。军官和政府官员也遭到了王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼的围捕和拘留，他是沙特王国日常事务的统治者，奥迪，他也是一个不容许异见的人。

You'll recall the CIA determined⁷ that the crown prince had direct links to the killing⁸ of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi. We understand that some people have been released, but this is a very closed society. And it's really hard to get real-time information out of there.

你应该还记得，中央情报局（简称CIA）认定，沙特王储与沙特记者贾马尔·哈苏吉遇害有直接关系。我们了解到，一些被捕者已经获释，但这是一个非常封闭的社会。所以很难从那里获得实时信息。

CORNISH: What triggered this? Any sense of the reason behind the crackdown?

柯尼什：什么引发了这次逮捕行动？我们知不知道镇压背后的原因？

NORTHAM: I reached out to Saudi Arabia's embassy here in Washington, D.C., looking for clarification, and I got no response so far. But Saudi watchers believe there are one of two reasons why this happened. The first is that King Salman, who's 84 years old and in frail⁹ health, is close to death, and Crown Prince Mohammed wanted to consolidate¹⁰ his power ahead of that. The other school of thought is that the crown prince feared the people that he detained were plotting against him. Ellen Wald, the author of "Saudi, Inc." says the arrests show the crown prince is worried about a challenge to his power.

诺瑟姆：我联系了沙特驻华盛顿特区大使馆，希望能得到解释，但直到目前我都没有得到任何回应。不过沙特观察人士认为，两个原因中的其中一个可以解释所发生的事情。其一，萨勒曼国王今年已经84岁，而且健康状况欠佳，濒临死亡，王储穆罕默德希望在国王去世前巩固自已的权力。另一种说法是，王储担心他关押的那些人在设计谋害他。《沙特公司》一书的作者埃伦·沃尔德表示，逮捕行动表明王储担心自已的权力受到挑战。

ELLEN WALD: It really does show an element of fear on the part of the monarchy¹¹, whether or not there was even a plot to overthrow¹² him. And this is really a warning to them.

埃伦·沃尔德：这确实表明了君主的担心，无论是否存在推翻他的阴谋。这是对他们发出的警告。

NORTHAM: Now, a prominent Saudi commentator¹³ who has been close to the royal family, Ali Shihabi, tweeted that rumors¹⁴ of the king's death or a possible coup¹⁵ are nonsense. But he acknowledged there are a lot of quote, "disenfranchised royals" who are deeply displeased¹⁶ with the prince.

诺瑟姆：与王室关系密切的沙特评论员阿里·什哈比在推特上表示，有关国王去世或可能发生政变的传言纯属无稽之谈。但他承认，有很多“被剥夺权利的王室成员”对王储深感不满。

CORNISH: Can you talk about what you mean by disenfranchised royals? I mean, why do they feel left out?

柯尼什：你能谈谈被剥夺权利的王室成员是怎么回事吗？为什么他们会觉得受到了冷落？

NORTHAM: Well, there's a lot of dissatisfaction with how the crown prince has been leading the country since he became heir to the throne three-plus years ago. You know, he maneuvered¹⁷ himself into that position by sidelining royal rivals. He rounded up hundreds of princes and businessmen, you recall, and held them at the Ritz Carlton for several months. And his ambitious plans to overhaul¹⁸ the kingdom's economy have floundered.

诺瑟姆：自从王储在三年多之前成为王位继承人以来，外界就对他领导国家的方式存在很多不满。他通过排挤王室竞争对手的方式使自已获得了这个位置。你可能还记得，他围捕了数百名王子和商人，并将他们关在丽思·卡尔顿酒店数个月的时间。他改革沙特经济这一雄心勃勃的计划也破产了。

Now, you know, it would be one thing if all this remained in Saudi Arabia. But as we saw today, the crown prince's decision to increase oil production, effectively slashing¹⁹ the price per barrel, means his actions go far beyond Saudi's borders.

如果这些继续在沙特国内发酵，那是一回事。但正如我们今天所看到的，王储决定增加石油产量，有效降低每桶石油的价格，这意味着他的行动已经走出了沙特边界。

CORNISH: It had such an impact on the stock market today. Why did the crown prince decide to boost oil production?

柯尼什：此举对今天的股市产生了重大影响。为什么王储决定提高石油产量？

NORTHAM: It's part of a bitter spat²⁰ with Russia. Saudi Arabia was pressing Moscow to lower production in order to keep prices up. But Moscow refused, so suddenly Saudi Arabia decided²¹ to pump more, which drove prices down. And I spoke²² with Noah Brenner, who's an analyst²³ at Energy Intelligence, and he said traditionally technocrats²⁴ in Saudi Arabia would have made those decisions.

诺瑟姆：部分原因涉及与俄罗斯的激烈争吵。沙特曾敦促俄罗斯政府降低石油产量，以抬高价格。但遭到了俄罗斯的拒绝，因此沙特突然决定加大产量，这导致油价走低。我采访了能源情报集团的分析师诺亚·布伦纳，他表示，沙特的技术官员往往会做出这样的决定。

NOAH BRENNER: Now, you know, we see with Prince Mohammed fully²⁵ in control of what's happening, there's definitely a potential for greater volatility²⁶ and as well, you know, seeing that personal aspect move into this.

诺亚·布伦纳：现在我们看到穆罕默德王储完全掌控了事态的发展，肯定有可能出现更大的波动，而且我们会看到个人看法的介入。

NORTHAM: And Brenner says it's his understanding that the decision to boost oil production came after Russian President Vladimir Putin refused to take a phone call from the crown prince.

诺瑟姆：布伦纳表示，据他了解，加大石油产量的决定是在俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京拒接王储电话之后做出的。

CORNISH: That's NPR's Jackie Northam. Thanks so much.

柯尼什：以上是NPR新闻的杰基·诺瑟姆带来的报道。非常谢谢你。

NORTHAM: Thank you.

诺瑟姆：谢谢。

1 chaos   

n.混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
• The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。

2 dissent   

n./v.不同意，持异议

参考例句：

• It is too late now to make any dissent.现在提出异议太晚了。
• He felt her shoulders gave a wriggle of dissent.他感到她的肩膀因为不同意而动了一下。

3 bin   

n.箱柜；vt.放入箱内；[计算机] DOS文件名:二进制目标文件

参考例句：

• He emptied several bags of rice into a bin.他把几袋米倒进大箱里。
• He threw the empty bottles in the bin.他把空瓶子扔进垃圾箱。

4 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

5 credible   

adj.可信任的，可靠的

参考例句：

• The news report is hardly credible.这则新闻报道令人难以置信。
• Is there a credible alternative to the nuclear deterrent?是否有可以取代核威慑力量的可靠办法？

6 brooks   

n.小溪( brook的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Brooks gave the business when Haas caught him with his watch. 哈斯抓到偷他的手表的布鲁克斯时，狠狠地揍了他一顿。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Ade and Brooks exchanged blows yesterday and they were severely punished today. 艾德和布鲁克斯昨天打起来了，今天他们受到严厉的惩罚。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

8 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

9 frail   

adj.身体虚弱的；易损坏的

参考例句：

• Mrs. Warner is already 96 and too frail to live by herself.华纳太太已经九十六岁了，身体虚弱，不便独居。
• She lay in bed looking particularly frail.她躺在床上，看上去特别虚弱。

10 consolidate   

v.使加固，使加强；(把...)联为一体，合并

参考例句：

• The two banks will consolidate in July next year. 这两家银行明年7月将合并。
• The government hoped to consolidate ten states to form three new ones.政府希望把十个州合并成三个新的州。

11 monarchy   

n.君主，最高统治者；君主政体，君主国

参考例句：

• The monarchy in England plays an important role in British culture.英格兰的君主政体在英国文化中起重要作用。
• The power of the monarchy in Britain today is more symbolical than real.今日英国君主的权力多为象徵性的，无甚实际意义。

12 overthrow   

v.推翻，打倒，颠覆；n.推翻，瓦解，颠覆

参考例句：

• After the overthrow of the government,the country was in chaos.政府被推翻后，这个国家处于混乱中。
• The overthrow of his plans left him much discouraged.他的计划的失败使得他很气馁。

13 commentator   

n.注释者，解说者；实况广播评论员

参考例句：

• He is a good commentator because he can get across the game.他能简单地解说这场比赛，是个好的解说者。
• The commentator made a big mistake during the live broadcast.在直播节目中评论员犯了个大错误。

14 rumors   

n.传闻( rumor的名词复数 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷v.传闻( rumor的第三人称单数 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷

参考例句：

• Rumors have it that the school was burned down. 有谣言说学校给烧掉了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Rumors of a revolt were afloat. 叛变的谣言四起。 来自《简明英汉词典》

15 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

16 displeased   

a.不快的

参考例句：

• The old man was displeased and darted an angry look at me. 老人不高兴了，瞪了我一眼。
• He was displeased about the whole affair. 他对整个事情感到很不高兴。

17 maneuvered   

v.移动，用策略( maneuver的过去式和过去分词 )；操纵

参考例句：

• I maneuvered my way among the tables to the back corner of the place. 我在那些桌子间穿行，来到那地方后面的角落。 来自辞典例句
• The admiral maneuvered his ships in the battle plan. 舰队司令按作战计划进行舰队演习。 来自辞典例句

18 overhaul   

v./n.大修，仔细检查

参考例句：

• Master Worker Wang is responsible for the overhaul of this grinder.王师傅主修这台磨床。
• It is generally appreciated that the rail network needs a complete overhaul.众所周知，铁路系统需要大检修。

19 slashing   

adj.尖锐的；苛刻的；鲜明的；乱砍的v.挥砍( slash的现在分词 )；鞭打；割破；削减

参考例句：

• Slashing is the first process in which liquid treatment is involved. 浆纱是液处理的第一过程。 来自辞典例句
• He stopped slashing his horse. 他住了手，不去鞭打他的马了。 来自辞典例句

20 spat   

n.口角，掌击；v.发出呼噜呼噜声

参考例句：

• Her parents always have spats.她的父母经常有些小的口角。
• There is only a spat between the brother and sister.那只是兄妹间的小吵小闹。

21 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

22 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

23 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

24 technocrats   

n.技术专家，专家政治论者( technocrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Few business barons remained. They were replaced by "technocrats," who became the heads of corporations. 企业巨头所剩无几，大多已被“技术专家”所代替，这些人成了公司的领导。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• However, bankers called the technocrats' bluff and proceeded to lend with gusto. 但是，银行家们称技术专家官员不过在虚张声势，并且还会乐观的继续借贷业务。 来自互联网

25 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

26 volatility   

n.挥发性，挥发度，轻快，（性格）反复无常

参考例句：

• That was one reason why volatility was so low last year.这也是去年波动性如此低的原因之一。
• Yet because volatility remained low for so long,disaster myopia prevailed.然而，由于相当长的时间里波动性小，灾难短视就获胜了。