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前瞻美国巴基斯坦峰会

Pakistan’s Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif meets U.S. President Barack Obama at the White House Wednesday. It will be the first meeting between the two men. The Pakistani leader is expected to highlight issues that have caused friction¹ between Washington and Islamabad in recent years.

巴基斯坦总理谢里夫定于星期三在白宫会晤美国总统奥巴马。这将是两位领导人首次见面。预计谢里夫将重点提及近年来引起华盛顿和伊斯兰堡摩擦的问题。美国和巴基斯坦对这次会晤各有什么期望？

The meeting between Obama and Sharif comes amid U.S. preparations for the withdrawal² of combat troops from neighboring Afghanistan. The U.S. expects Pakistan to play a constructive³ role, says Karl Inderfurth, an analyst⁴ at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington.

奥巴马和谢里夫的会晤正值美国战斗部队准备从巴基斯坦邻国阿富汗撤离之际。设在华盛顿的战略与国际问题研究中心研究员英德弗斯说，美国期望巴基斯坦发挥建设性作用：

"Pakistan has good contacts in Afghanistan and it could use them for good purposes," he said. "The U.S. and Pakistan working together gives a greater hope for some positive outcome in Afghanistan than if we were working at cross purposes."

“巴基斯坦在阿富汗有良好的关系，可以利用他们实现好的目标。美巴合作，比我们为各自不同的目标而努力更有希望在阿富汗取得一些积极的成果。”

U.S. drone strikes inside Pakistan are extremely unpopular in the country. Sharif wants them stopped.  But U.S. officials consider them a helpful tool in taking out al-Qaida-backed militants⁵. Sharif’s White House meeting will be the first opportunity to directly raise the issue with Obama, says analyst Daniel Markey of the Council on Foreign Relations.

美国无人机在巴基斯坦境内的攻击引起巴基斯坦人的极大反感。谢里夫希望能够停止无人机攻击。但是美国官员认为这是消灭基地组织支持的武装分子的有效手段。外交关系委员会分析人士马基说，白宫会晤使谢里夫首次有机会直接向奥巴马提出这个问题。

"I think there is an opening there.  Even though this White House has used drones more than any other, I think the number of targets at the top of their list has dwindled,"  he said. "So, there is less reason to use them.  And I think the recognition of the political cost is there."

“我认为这是一个窗口。尽管这届政府比以往任何政府都更多地使用无人机，但无人机打击的目标减少了。所以，使用无人机的理由也减少了。而且我想这样做的政治代价也被认识到了。”

Pakistan’s commitment to go after terrorists from Pakistan who allegedly launch attacks on Afghan-based U.S. and NATO troops will be at the top of the agenda as well, says Markey.

马基说，巴基斯坦如何打击据称从巴基斯坦向驻阿富汗美军和北约部队发动攻击的恐怖分子，这也将是双方重点讨论的问题。

"I think the United States would like to have from Nawaz Sharif a better understanding of what he is willing to do in terms of cooperate on counter terrorism moving forward," he said. "Washington wants to have itself on more stable footing so that it can make plans for the years ahead."

“我认为，美国希望更明确地了解谢里夫愿意采取什么行动，与美国合作，进一步推动反恐行动。华盛顿希望在这个问题上有一个更稳定的基础，以便制定长远计划。”

Getting U.S. aid for Pakistan’s energy and economic crisis may also be on the agenda, says analyst Inderfurth.

英德弗斯说，双方还可能讨论美国为巴基斯坦克服能源和经济危机提供援助的问题。

"In his meeting with President Obama, they could talk about the things that Pakistan needs to get its economy up and running and power generation that needs to do that," he said. "So I hope there will be a broader agenda that is beyond security, drones and Afghanistan."

“在会晤奥巴马总统时，他们可能会谈到巴基斯坦希望得到什么援助，以提升经济和获得经济发展所需要的能源。因此我希望会谈议题不仅限于安全、无人机和阿富汗。”

During his four-day visit to Washington, Sharif has met with U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry. And he has scheduled time with several members of the U.S. Congress before his meeting with Obama at the White House.

在华盛顿四天访问期间，谢里夫将会晤克里国务卿。他前往白宫会晤奥巴马之前，还计划与几名国会议员见面。