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人权组织要求调查美无人机攻击

Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International released joint¹ reports Tuesday documenting dozens of civilian² deaths from U.S. drone strikes in Pakistan and Yemen.  The reports challenge assertions by the Obama administration that such casualties are rare and call for official investigations³ into possible violations⁵ of international human rights laws.

人权观察和大赦国际组织10月22号公布联合报告指出，美国无人机在巴基斯坦和也门造成数十名平民死亡。报告质疑奥巴马政府关于无人机造成的平民伤亡极少的说法。报告要求对美国可能违反国际人权法的行为展开正式调查。

Human Rights Watch investigated six drone strikes in Yemen since 2009 and concluded that at least 57 civilians⁶ were killed in those attacks. The group's counter terrorism researcher Letta Taylor says, in some cases, these targeted killings⁸ violated international law.

人权观察调查了2009年以来美国无人机在也门的六次攻击，结论是，至少57名平民在那些攻击中丧生。人权观察的反恐研究员泰勒说，这些有目标的攻击有时候违反了国际法。

“Two of the six cases that we examined in my report show that the U.S. indiscriminately killed civilians.  This is a clear violation⁴ of international law," said Taylor.

“在我们调查的6次攻击中，有两次是美国滥杀无辜平民，显然违反了国际法。”

The report asserts that drone strikes also violated the standards President Obama set to justify⁹ these attacks -- that they respond to an imminent¹⁰ threat to the U.S., there's no hope of capturing the targeted terrorist; and there's "near certainty" that civilians will not be harmed.

报告指出，无人机攻击还违反了奥巴马总统为发动这类攻击制定的前提条件，即美国面临迫在眉睫的威胁，无法抓获特定的恐怖分子，以及“几乎肯定”不会伤及平民。

White House Press Secretary Jay Carney says there is a wide gap between these new reports and U.S. casualty  assessments¹¹.

白宫新闻秘书卡尼说，这些新出炉的报告和美国对伤亡数字的评估之间存在很大的差异。

"To the extent these reports claim that the U.S. acted contrary to international law we would strongly disagree.  The administration has repeatedly emphasized the extraordinary care that we take to make sure counter terrorism actions are in accordance with all applicable law," said Carney.

“这些报告指责美国违反了国际法，我们决不同意这种说法。美国政府多次强调，我们采取了非同寻常的措施，就是为了确保反恐行动符合所有适用法律。”

Amnesty International investigated nine U.S. drone attacks in Pakistan and found evidence that more than 30 civilians were killed in four of the strikes.

大赦国际组织调查了美国在巴基斯坦的9次无人机攻击，有证据显示，其中4次攻击造成30多名巴基斯坦平民死亡。

A recent UN report estimates 400 civlians were killed by drone strikes in Pakistan over the last decade.

联合国最近一份报告估计，过去10年里，美国在巴基斯坦的无人机攻击共造成大约400名平民死亡。

Most drone strikes occur in remote areas - making independent assessments difficult.  And the U.S. government rarely acknowledges its role in individual strikes.

大部分无人机攻击的目标是偏远地区，因此难以进行独立评估。美国政府很少承认与这些攻击有关联。

Amnesty International’s Naureen Shah is calling for official, public investigations into past drone strikes.

大赦国际组织的沙阿要求对无人机攻击展开正式和公开的调查。

“We are asking President Obama to come clean about who the U.S. government is killing⁷, not just to make a pledge of transparency or to make a promise that things are going right,  but to say who has been killed, how many people have been killed and what the legal and factual justification¹² for these killings was," said Shah.

“我们要求奥巴马总统明确说明美国打算除掉谁，而不仅仅是保证做到透明或保证一切正常，我们要求美国政府公布什么人被打死了，多少人被打死了，以及这些行动的法律和事实依据是什么。”

The groups are also calling for more congressional oversight¹³ of the CIA and Defense¹⁴ Department, and reparations for innocent victims of U.S. drone strikes.

这两个人权组织要求美国国会加强对中央情报局和国防部的监督，并赔偿死于美国无人机攻击的无辜平民。