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意第绪探戈体现的犹太情怀

For most people, tango evokes¹ a passionate² dance form.

对大多数人来说，探戈是热情洋溢的舞种。

For Argentine-born Gustavo Bulgach, tango is music with an attitude.

但对在阿根廷出生的古斯塔沃?布尔加什来说，探戈是体现人生态度的音乐。

“Tango means the blues³. Tango is not just tango - it means - it’s an attitude that you want to express," he said. "In every language, in Yiddish, in Spanish - in whatever language - Tango represents that kind of attitude of losing or having your heart broken by life.”

他说：“探戈代表着哀怨。探戈不仅仅是探戈，是一种你想表达的态度。在任何一种语言里，比如意第绪语、西班牙语等等，探戈象征人生里的某种迷失或心碎。”

Jewish people from across Europe and Russia have been immigrating⁴ to Argentina for hundreds of years. They brought with them dance music that was eventually mixed with Argentine tango.

The result is Yiddish tango -- a fusion⁵ of melodies and cultural experiences that is still evolving today.

Bulgach is the band leader of the Yiddish Tango Club, a group that fuses a form of Jewish dance music known as "klezmer" with Argentine tango.

布尔加什是“意第绪探戈俱乐部” （Yiddish Tango Club）的乐队领班。他们将犹太一种叫做“克莱兹默”（klezmer）的舞曲与阿根廷探戈相融合。

“Tango is not only Argentinian. It’s a loop from Europe also. It’s like something dramatic, and it’s the count…maybe one, two, three,” says vocalist Divina Gloria.

乐队歌手迪维娜?格洛里亚说：“探戈不只属于阿根廷的，它也是欧洲文化的一环。它很富有戏剧性，也很有节奏感，一，二，三……”

The band pays tribute to the music of the Jewish immigrants in Argentina.  Bulgach is Jewish, and his family emigrated to Argentina from Russia.  Jewish vocalist Divina Gloria’s family came from Poland.  Yiddish tango evokes memories of her own childhood in Argentina.

这支乐队的音乐主要来自在阿根廷的犹太移民。布尔加什是犹太人，他的家人从俄罗斯移民到阿根廷。迪维娜?格洛里亚是从波兰来的犹太人。意第绪探戈勾起了她在阿根廷的童年回忆。

“It’s makes me come to my early years, and reminds me of my family  It’s emotional but it makes me very happy,” Gloria said.

她说： “它让我回到了童年时光，让我想起我的家人。虽然它让我变得多愁善感，但都是快乐的情绪。”

Tango music developed in the slums of Buenos Aires.  Some scholars believe tango has African origins. Others say tango music is a fusion of the various sounds of the European immigrants.  Jews, like other old-world immigrants to Argentina brought their own music with them to the new world.

探戈乐曲发展于布宜诺斯艾利斯的贫民窟。一些学者认为，探戈有非洲的渊源。另一些则表示，探戈融合了欧洲移民多种声音。犹太人像其他来到阿根廷的移民一样，带着他们特有的音乐，来到这片新天地。

“Tango is by the history of music not an Argentine rhythm.  Tango comes from Russia, from Poland, from Germany.  It was and still is a dance beat," Bulgach said. "In the beginning, they brought it with them and they fused that with what the locals knew at a very early stage.”

“探戈在音乐的历史中不是属于阿根廷的旋律，” 布尔加什说。“探戈来自俄罗斯、波兰、德国。它曾经是，现在也是一种舞蹈节奏。最开始这些移民将探戈带到这片土地上，并融入当地人在其早期就知道的一些元素。”

“The Yiddish tango evolved in a way that, in the beginning, it was just in Yiddish, and later on they mix with some Spanish words," Bulgach said.

“起初，意第绪探戈只有意第绪语，后来经过演变，加入了一些西班牙语的词汇。”

And it is still evolving, thanks to technology.  Seven musicians can sound like 20 on stage.

不过，在科技的推动下，意第绪探戈仍然在演变当中。在舞台上，七名音乐人听起来就像是20人。

Many in the audience are Jewish, and some of the music is familiar to them.  For others who are not Jewish, they come for the dancing.

布尔加什表示，即使是同一首歌，也能产生不同的声响。观众中许多都是犹太人，熟悉其中的一些曲子。而其他人是为了跳舞来的。

“I was interested in tango dancing. I danced tango and I like klezmer music, so it’s a combination of both," said one woman at a recent concert.

一名女观众说：“我对探戈非常感兴趣。我跳探戈，也喜欢克莱兹默舞曲，所以来这里一举两得。”

Bulgach says while elements of  Yiddish tango will continue stay true to its roots - much as its Argentine counterpart has - it will also evolve as musicians experiment and incorporate other cultures into this old art form.

布尔加什表示，像阿根廷本土的舞曲一样，尽管意第绪探戈依旧保持着自己的根，但也不断发展演变。音乐人进行着各种尝试，并将其他文化融入到这种历史悠久的艺术形式中。