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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
2006职称英语考试模全真拟试题综合类B级（二）
第一部分：词汇选择（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面共有15句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1. The government is debating the education laws.
A) discussing B) defeating C) delaying D) declining
2.The Klondike was the scene of one of the biggest gold rushes the world has ever known.
A) location B)view
C) event D)landscape
3. She has been the subject of massive media coverage1.
A) extensive B) negative
C) expensive D)active
4.The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links.
A) rejected B) investigated
C)proposed D)postponed
5. The sea was calm and still.
A) quite B)quiet
C) yet D)rough
6. In a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color, of objects that arouses the bull.
A) confuses B)excites
C) scares D)satisfies
7. The committee comprises five persons.
A) absorbs B)concerns
A) excludes D)involves
8. All the people assembled at Mary's house.
A) collected B)fixed
C) asserted D)assist
9． He made an immense amount of money in business.
A)large B) small C) limited D) little
10. The substance can be added to gasoline to accelerate the speed of automobiles2.
A) quicken B)shorten C) loosen D) enlarge
11． We should never content ourselves with a little book knowledge only.
A) convince B)satisfy C) comfort D) benefit
12． We should contemplated3 the problem from all sides
A) deliberated B)thought C) described D) designed
13． His health had deteriorated4 while he was in prison.
A) became better B)became worse C) became stronger D) became weaker
14． I meant to give you this book today, but I forgot.
A) intended to B)tended to C) extended to D) pretended to
15． As a matter of fact， I love soft music more than popular music.
A) basically B)probably C) actually D) accurately5
第二部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共七分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑
American Sports
The United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms: organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory; athletic6 games, played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing. Most sports are seasonal7, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year. Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playing in the game.
Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer, and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket.
Football is the most popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago. It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80,000 people. The game is not the same as European football or soccer. In American football there are 11 players on each team, and they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur.
Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and colleges. Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly.
Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing8. Although horse-racing fans call themselves sportsmen, the accuracy of the term is questionable9, as only the jockeys who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do “not assemble” primarily to see the horses race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race. Gambling10 is the attraction of horse racing.
练习：
1．Hunting and fishing are mainly favored by men, young and old, in the US.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
2．Professional baseball teams can continue to play for a long period of time in the fall after the regular baseball seasons of spring and summer.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
3．Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
4．Football can be classified as a spectator sport.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
5．Many Americans like basketball better than football because the latter is so harsh that players have to wear special uniforms.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
6．Basketball in American is so popular with universities that nationwide university matches are held yearly.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
7．Horse-racing fans cannot be considered sportsmen because they are spectators whose primary interest is gambling.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 （每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1---4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2--5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第5--8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Soot11 and Snow：a Hot Combination
l New research from NASA scientists suggests emissions13 of black soot alter the way sunlight reflects off snow．According to a computer simulation，black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century．
2 Soot in the higher latitudes15 of the Earth。where ice is more common，absorbs more of the sun’s energy and warmth than an icy, white background．Dark-colored black carbon，or soot，absorbs sunlight，while lighter16 colored ice reflects sunlight．
3 Soot in areas with snow and ice may play all important role in climate change．Als0，if snow and ice covered areas begin melting。the warming effect increases，as the soot becomes more concentrated on the snow surface．“This provides a positive feedback，as glaciers18 and ice sheet smelt,they tend to get even dirtier,” said Dr．James Hansen，a researcher at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies，NewYork．
4 Hansen found soot’s effect on snow albedo(solar energy reflected back to space)，which may be contributing to trends toward early springs in the Northern Hemisphere，such as thinning Arctic sea ice，melting glaciers and permafrost．Soot also is believed to play a role in changes in the atmosphere above the oceans and land．
5 “Black carbon reduces the amount of energy reflected by snow back into space，thus heating the snow surface more than if there were no black carbon~，”Hansen said．Soot’s increased absorption of solar energy is especially effective in warming the world’s climate. “This forcing is unusually effective，causing twice as much global warming as a carbon．dioxide forcing of the same magnitude，”Hansen noted19．
6 Hansen cautioned．although the role of soot in altering global climate is substantial，it does not alter the fact that greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past century．Such gases are expected to be the largest climate forcing f10r也e rest of this century．
7 The researchers found that observed warming in the Northern Hemisphere was 1arge in the winter and spring at middle and high latitudes．These observations were consistent with the researchers’ climate model simulations，which showed some of the largest warming effects occurred when there were heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight．
词汇：
soot n．煤烟，煤灰
emission12 n．释放，散发，排放
simulation v．模拟
latitude14 n．纬度
glacier17 n．冰川，冰河
albedo n．反照率
permafrost n．永冻层
forcing n．温室作用
dioxide n．二氧化物
magnitude n．量，大小
练习：
1．Paragraph 3____________
2．Paragraph 4____________
3．Paragraph 6____________
4．Paragraph 7____________
A Soot’s Role in Changes in the Climate and the Atmosphere
B Observations of Warming in the Northern Hemisphere
C Explanation of Increased Warming Effect Caused by Soot
D Effort to Reduce Snow Albedo
E Ways to Reduce Soot Emission
F Greenhouse Gases as the Main Factor of G10bal Warming
5．In the twentieth century，soot____________
6．Hansen cautioned that greenhouse gases____________
7. Black soot covered snow and ice____________
8．A soot forcing is unusually effective，which____________
A produces much more global warming than a carbon?dioxide forcing of the same magnitude
B contributed to 25 percent of observed global warming
C can produce greenhouse gases
D absorb more of sun’s energy and warmth than white background
E still surpass soot in warming the world’s climate during the last century
F can be seen mostly in the Northern Hemisphere
第四部分：阅读理解（每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第1篇
Goal of American Education
Education is all enormous and expensive part of American life. Its size is matched by its variety.
Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other
countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone—not just
for a privileged elite20. Schools ale expected to meet the needs of every child, regardless
of ability, and also the needs of society itself．This means that public schools offer more
than academic subjects．It surprises many people when t11ey come here to find high schools
offering such courses as typing，sewing，radio repair, computer programming or driver training，along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics，history, and languages．Students choose their curricula depending on their interests，future goals，and level of ability．The underlying21 goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities，and to give each one a sense of civic22 and community consciousness。．
Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity23 and
“Americanizing”the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many
different backgrounds and origins. Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in the small towns．
The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar24 to many, not only because it is informal，
but also because there is not much emphasis on learning facts．Instead，Americans try to
teach their children toⅡ1ink for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and
creative abilities．Students spend much time，learning how to use resource materials libraries, statistics and computers．Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives．Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts．
This is America’s answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking themselves in the fast-moving time：“How Can one prepare today’s child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand?”
词汇：
privileged adj．享有特权的
elite n．精英，精华
curricula n．课程
underlying adj．潜在的
reason v．推理
1．Which of the following best states the goal of American education?
A)To teach every learner some practical skills．
B)To provide every learner with rich knowledge．
C)To give every student the opportunity to fully25 develop his／her ability．
D)To train every student to be a responsible citizen．
2．It is implied in the passage that
A)all high-school students take the same courses．
B)every high?school student must take some practical ability training courses．
C)every public school offers the same academic subjects．
D)the subjects every student takes may vary．
3．American schools place great emphasis on the learner’s
A)enrichment of knowledge．
B)accumulation of facts．
C)acquisition of the ability to be creative．
D)acquisition of the ability to work with his hands．
4．According to the passage，American education meets the needs of all the following
EXCEPT
A)the brightest students．
B)the slow students．
C)the students from foreign countries．
D)the immigrants．
5. Which of the following best states the feature of American education that makes it different from education in other countries?
A)The large number of its schools．
B)The variety of the courses offered in its schools．
C)Its special consideration given to immigrants.
D)Its underlying goal to develop every child’s abilities to the fullest extent
第2篇
Common Problems, Common Solutions
The chances are that you made up your mind about smoking a long time ago --- and decided26 it's not for you.
The chances are equally good that you know a lot of smokers28 -- there are, after all about 60 million of them, work with them, and get along with them very well.
And finally it's a pretty safe bet that you're open-minded and interested in all the various issues about smokers and nonsmokers -- or you wouldn't be reading this.
And those three things make you incredibly important today.
Because they mean that yours is the voice -- not the smoker27's and not the anti-smoker's --that will determine how much of society's efforts should go into building walls that separate us and how much into the search for solutions that bring us together.
For one tragic29 result of the emphasis on building walls is the diversion of millions of dollars from scientific research on the causes and cures of diseases which, when all is said and done, still strike the nonsmoker as well as the smoker. One prominent health organization, to cite but a single instance, now spends 28 cents of every publicly contributed dollar on " education " (much of it in anti-smoking propaganda) and only 2 cents on research.
There will always be some who want to build walls, who want to separate people from people, and up to a point, even these may serve society. The anti-smoking wall-builders have, to give them their due, helped to make us all more keenly aware of choice.
But our guess, and certainly our hope, is that you are among the far greatest number who know that walls are only temporary at best, and that over the long run, we can serve society's interest better by working together in mutual30 accommodation.
Whatever virtue31 walls may have, they can never move our society toward fundamental solutions. People who work together on common problems, common solutions, can.
1. What does the word " wall " used in the passage mean?
A) Anti-smoking propaganda.
B) Diseases striking nonsmokers as well as smokers.
C) Rules and regulations that prohibit smoking.
D) Separation of smokers from nonsmokers.
2. In paragraph 4, " you " refers to
A) smokers.
B) nonsmokers.
C) anti-smokers.
D) smokers who have quitted smoking.
3. It is evident that the author is not in favor of
A) building a wall between smokers and nonsmokers.
B) doing scientific research at the expense of one's health.
C) bringing smokers and nonsmokers together.
D) proving accommodation for smokers.
4. As is suggested, the common solution to the common problem is
A) to separate people from people.
B) to work together in mutual accommodation.
C) to make us more keenly aware of choice.
D) to serve society's interests better.
5. According to the passage, the writer looks upon the anti-smoking wall-builders' actions
A) optimistically.
B) pessimistically.
C)unconcernedly.
D) skeptically.
第3篇
Early or Later Day Care
The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during
The sensitive“attachment” period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and
I predispose to emotional problems in later life．Some people have drawn32 the conclusion from
Bowlby’s work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental33 separation it entails，and many people do believe this. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion． Firstly，anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents；found in modem36 societies does not usually exist in traditional societies．For example，in some tribal37 societies，such as the Ngoni，the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone—far from it'．Secondly，common sense tells US that day care would not be so widespread today if parents
care-takers found children had problems with it．Statistical38 studies of this kind have not yet been carried out，and even if they were，the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial．Thirdly．in the last decade there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care，and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neural39 or slightly positive effect on children’s development．But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue.
But Bowlby’s analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects．The possibility that such care might lead to，say，more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics．Whatever the long—term effects，parents sometimes find the immediate40 effects difficult to deal with。．Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness．At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy，and this is undoubtedly41 why more and more parents make use of child care at this time．The matter，then，is far from clear-cuff，though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants．
词汇：
psychoanalyst n．精神分析学家一心理分析学家 insulate vt．隔绝
rear vt．抚养 predispose引起易感性
care taker n.照顾者，看管人 entail34 vt．蕴涵
infant n．婴儿 anthropologist35 n．人类学家
练习：
1． Which of the following statements would Bowlby support?
A)Statistical studies should be carried out to assess the positive effect of day car
for children at the age of three or older．
B)Early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in children．
C)The first three years of one’s life is extremely important to the later development of personality．
D)Children under three get used to the life at nursery schools more readily than children
over three
2． Which of the following is derivable42 from Bowlby’s work?
A)Mothers should not send their children to day care centers before the age of three．
B)Day care nurseries have positive effects on a child’s development．
C)A child sent to a day care center before the age of three may have emotional problems
in later life．
D)Baby care would not be so popular if it has noticeable negative effects on a child’s s personality．
3． It is suggested that modem societies differ from traditional societies in that
A)the parents—child relationship is more exclusive in modem societies．
B)a child more often grows up with his(her brothers or sisters in traditional societies．
C)mother brings up children with the help of her husband in traditional societies．
D)children in modem societies are more likely to develop mental illness in later years
4． Which of the following statements is NOT an argument against Bowlby’s theory?
A)Many studies show that day care has a positive effect on children’s development．
B)The fact that there are so many nursery schools today shows that day care is safe．
C)The separation of young children from their parents is common in some traditional
societies．
D)Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with．
5 Which of the following best expresses the writer’s attitude towards early day care?
A)Children under three should stay with their parents．
B)Early day care has positive effects on children’s development．
C)The issue is controversial and its settlement calls for the use of statistics．
D)The effects of early day care on children are exaggerated and parents should ignore the issue．
第五部分：补全短文（每题2分，共10分）阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放会文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置。
Why do people shrink?
Did you ever see the movie Honey, I shrunk the kids? It's about a wacky dad (who's also a scientist) who accidentally shrinks his kids with his homemade miniaturizing invention. Oops! ____1____.
For older people, shrinking isn't that dramatic or sudden at all. It takes place over years and may add up to only one inch or so off of their adult height (maybe a little more, maybe less), and this kind of shrinking can't be magically reversed, although there are things that can be done to stop it or slow it down. ___2___.
There are a few reasons. As people get older, they generally lose some muscle and fat from their bodies as part of the natural aging process. Gravity (the force that keeps your feet on the ground) take hold, and the bones in the spine43, called vertebrae, may break down or degenerate44, and start to collapse45 into one another. ___3___. But perhaps the most common reason why some older people shrink is because of osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis occurs when too much spongy bone tissue (which is found inside of most bones) is broken down and not enough new bone material is made. ___4___. Bones become smaller and weaker and can easily break if someone with osteoporosis is injured. Older people --especially women, who generally have smaller and lighter bones to begin with -- are more likely to develop osteoporosis. As years go by, a person with osteoporosis shrinks a little bit.
Did you know that every day you do a shrinking act? You aren't as tall at the end of the day as you are at the beginning. That's because as the day goes on, water in the disks of the spine gets compressed (squeezed) due to gravity, making you just a tiny bit shorter. Don't worry, though. ___5___.
A. They end up pressing closer together, which makes a person lose a little height and become shorter.
B. Once you get a good night's rest, your body recovers, and the next morning, you're standing46 tall again.
C. Over time, bone is said to be lost because it's not being replaced.
D. Luckily, there are things that people can do to prevent shrinking.
E. The kids spend the rest of the movie as tiny people who are barely visible while trying to get back to their normal size.
F. But why does shrinking happen at all?
第六部分：完型填空 （每题1分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，并涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Something Men Do Not Like to Do
Eric Brown hates shopping．“It’S just not enjoyable to me，”said the 28-year-old．Chicago man who was carrying several shopping bags along the city’s main street，Michigan Avenue．“When I, m out____1___，I basically know what 1 want to get．I rush in．I buy it．I___2___”
Common wisdom says that guys hate to shop．You Can ask generations of men．But people
who study shopping say that a number of social，cultural and economic factors are now
___3___this“men-hate-to-shop”notion．
“___4___social class，ethnicity, age—men say they hate to shop，”says Sharon Zukin，
a City University of New York sociology professor．“Yet when you ask them deeper questions, it turns out that they___5___tO shop．Men generally like to shop for___6___，music and
hardware．But if you ask them about the shopping they do for books or music，they’11 say
‘Well' that’s not shopping．That’s ___7___”
In other words，what men and women call“buying things’’and how they approach that task are ___8____
Women will___ 9___ through several 1,000-square-metre stores in search 0f the perfect
party dress．Men will wander through 100 Internet sites in search of the ___lO___digital
camcorder．
Women see shopping as a social event．Men see it as a mission or a___11___to be won．
“Men are frequently shopping to win，’’says Mary Ann McGrath，a marketing47 professor at Loyola University of Chicago．“They want to get the best deal. They want to get the best one，The last one and if they do that it__12__them happy．”
When women shop，“they’re doing it in a way where they want__l3__ to be very happy,”says McGrath．“They’re kind of shopping for love．”
In fact, it is in clothing where we see a male-female__14__most clearly．Why, grumble48 some men，are all male clothes navy，grey, black or brown? But would they wear 1ight
green and pink?
These days，many guys wear a sort of“uniform”，says Paco Underhill，author of“Why We Bye”,“It’S been hard for them to understand what it means to be fashion．Conscious in a business way. It becomes much，much easier if you__15__your range of choices．”
词汇：
guy n．家伙，伙计
mission n．任务，使命
grumble n．抱怨，发牢骚
ethnicity n．种族特点
camcorder n．摄像放像机
练习：
1．A)playing B)fishing C)shopping D)traveling
2．A)get out B)stay in C)look round D)move about
3。A)confirming． B)challenging C)proving D)supporting
4．A)Regardless of B)Because of C)Owing to D)Thanks to
5．A)want B)like C)hate D)hope
6．A)coats B)pants C)socks D)books
7．A)relaxation B)rest C)exercise D)，research
8．A)similar B)inclusive C)contradictory D)different
9．A)wander B)go C)walk D)run
10.A)cheap B)fashionable C)presentable D)perfect
11．A)task B)play C)game D)destination
12．A)brings B)causes C)makes D)keeps
13．A)everybody B)nobody C)anybody D)no one
14．A)competition B)comparison C)division D)confrontation
15．A)broaden B)expand C)extend D)narrow
收听单词发音 |
1
coverage
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| n.报导，保险范围，保险额，范围，覆盖 | |
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2
automobiles
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| n.汽车( automobile的名词复数 ) | |
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3
contemplated
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| adj. 预期的 动词contemplate的过去分词形式 | |
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4
deteriorated
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| 恶化，变坏( deteriorate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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5
accurately
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| adv.准确地，精确地 | |
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6
athletic
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| adj.擅长运动的，强健的；活跃的，体格健壮的 | |
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7
seasonal
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8
racing
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| n.竞赛，赛马；adj.竞赛用的，赛马用的 | |
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9
questionable
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| adj.可疑的，有问题的 | |
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10
gambling
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| n.赌博；投机 | |
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11
soot
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| n.煤烟，烟尘；vt.熏以煤烟 | |
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12
emission
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| n.发出物，散发物；发出，散发 | |
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13
emissions
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| 排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体） | |
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14
latitude
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| n.纬度，行动或言论的自由(范围)，(pl.)地区 | |
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latitudes
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| 纬度 | |
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lighter
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| n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级 | |
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glacier
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| n.冰川，冰河 | |
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glaciers
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| 冰河，冰川( glacier的名词复数 ) | |
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noted
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| adj.著名的，知名的 | |
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elite
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| n.精英阶层；实力集团；adj.杰出的，卓越的 | |
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underlying
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| adj.在下面的，含蓄的，潜在的 | |
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civic
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| adj.城市的，都市的，市民的，公民的 | |
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unity
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| n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调 | |
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unfamiliar
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| adj.陌生的，不熟悉的 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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smoker
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| n.吸烟者，吸烟车厢，吸烟室 | |
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smokers
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| 吸烟者( smoker的名词复数 ) | |
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tragic
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| adj.悲剧的，悲剧性的，悲惨的 | |
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mutual
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| adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的 | |
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virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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parental
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| adj.父母的；父的；母的 | |
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entail
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| vt.使承担，使成为必要，需要 | |
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anthropologist
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| n.人类学家，人类学者 | |
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modem
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| n.调制解调器 | |
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tribal
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| adj.部族的，种族的 | |
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statistical
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| adj.统计的，统计学的 | |
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neural
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| adj.神经的，神经系统的 | |
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immediate
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| adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的 | |
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undoubtedly
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| adv.确实地，无疑地 | |
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derivable
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| adj.可引出的，可推论的，可诱导的 | |
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spine
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| n.脊柱，脊椎；(动植物的)刺；书脊 | |
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degenerate
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| v.退步，堕落；adj.退步的，堕落的；n.堕落者 | |
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collapse
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| vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷 | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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marketing
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| n.行销，在市场的买卖，买东西 | |
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grumble
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| vi.抱怨；咕哝；n.抱怨，牢骚；咕哝，隆隆声 | |
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