美国有线新闻 CNN 爱荷华州党团会议前瞻 特朗普或将轻松获胜

Four days away from the Iowa caucuses¹, U.S. presidential candidates are out and about in the Hawkeye State. Political advertisements and attack ads are running. Some show the candidates in a good light and ask Iowans to vote for them. Some show the candidates in a bad light and ask Iowans to vote for someone else. U.S. President Donald Trump² is scheduled to attend a political rally today in Des Moines, the Iowa state capital. And when Iowa holds its caucuses on Monday, dozens of the president's supporters are set to travel there and charge up enthusiasm for the incumbent³ leader.

现在距离爱荷华州党团会议还有四天时间，美国总统候选人正在鹰眼州（爱荷华州的别称）开展造势活动。政治广告和攻击性广告也在轮番播放。一些广告展示了候选人的良好形象，号召爱荷华州选民投票支持他们。还有一些广告显示了候选人的负面形象，要求爱荷华州选民投票支持其他候选人。美国总统唐纳德·特朗普计划出席今天在爱荷华州首府得梅因举行的一场政治集会。爱荷华州党团会议定于周一举行，届时将有数十名总统的支持者前往现场，点燃人们对现任总统的热情。

The Iowa caucuses are the first contests of the 2020 Primary season. Voters aren't directly choosing a president at this time. They're helping⁴ each major party narrow down the final candidate who will appear on the presidential ballot⁵ in November. President Trump is expected to easily win the Republican party's nomination⁶ so most of the attention in Iowa has been on the Democrats⁷ running for their party's nomination because there are currently 12 of them. And winning the Iowa caucuses could give a big boost to any of their campaigns. This doesn't necessarily predict that they'll win the Democratic party's nomination for president.

爱荷华州党团会议是2020年总统初选季的首次角逐。选民并不会在这场角逐中直接选出总统人选。而是会帮助每个主要政党缩小将出现在11月总统选举中的最终候选人的范围。预计特朗普总统将轻松赢得共和党提名，因此，爱荷华州的大部分注意力都集中在民主党的党内提名上，因为目前有12名民主党人参加竞选。在爱荷华州党团会议中获胜会为他们的竞选活动带来极大的推动作用。这并不一定预示着他们将赢得民主党的总统提名。

Though since 1972, seven of the 10 Democrats who won in Iowa did eventually become the Democratic nominee⁸ that's according to the Des Moines Register. A lot of this is about momentum⁹, getting publicity¹⁰, raising funds, positioning for the presidential race. For the candidates who do well, that will be a lot easier and they can expect a jump in the national polls. For those who don't do well, this could make the path forward a lot harder especially if they drop in the polls.

不过，据《得梅因纪事报》统计，自1972年以来，在爱荷华州获胜的10名民主党人中有7人最终成为了民主党总统候选人。这与动力有很大关系，获得宣传、筹集资金、为总统竞选定位。对表现出色的候选人来说，这些都将容易得多，他们可以期待在全国民调中的支持率大幅提升。而对表现不佳的候选人来说，这可能会令他们前进的道路变得更加艰难，尤其是他们在民调中的支持率下滑的话。

1 caucuses   

n.（政党决定政策或推举竞选人的）核心成员( caucus的名词复数 )；决策干部；决策委员会；秘密会议

参考例句：

• Republican caucuses will happen in about 410 towns across Maine. 共和党团会议选举将在缅因州的约410个城镇进行。 来自互联网

2 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

3 incumbent   

adj.成为责任的，有义务的；现任的，在职的

参考例句：

• He defeated the incumbent governor by a large plurality.他以压倒多数票击败了现任州长。
• It is incumbent upon you to warn them.你有责任警告他们。

4 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

5 ballot   

n.（不记名）投票，投票总数，投票权；vi.投票

参考例句：

• The members have demanded a ballot.会员们要求投票表决。
• The union said they will ballot members on whether to strike.工会称他们将要求会员投票表决是否罢工。

6 nomination   

n.提名，任命，提名权

参考例句：

• John is favourite to get the nomination for club president.约翰最有希望被提名为俱乐部主席。
• Few people pronounced for his nomination.很少人表示赞成他的提名。

7 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 nominee   

n.被提名者；被任命者；被推荐者

参考例句：

• His nominee for vice president was elected only after a second ballot.他提名的副总统在两轮投票后才当选。
• Mr.Francisco is standing as the official nominee for the post of District Secretary.弗朗西斯科先生是行政书记职位的正式提名人。

9 momentum   

n.动力，冲力，势头；动量

参考例句：

• We exploit the energy and momentum conservation laws in this way.我们就是这样利用能量和动量守恒定律的。
• The law of momentum conservation could supplant Newton's third law.动量守恒定律可以取代牛顿第三定律。

10 publicity   

n.众所周知，闻名；宣传，广告

参考例句：

• The singer star's marriage got a lot of publicity.这位歌星的婚事引起了公众的关注。
• He dismissed the event as just a publicity gimmick.他不理会这件事，只当它是一种宣传手法。