美国国家公共电台 NPR 土耳其主张地中海钻探权 引来希腊"开战"威胁

All right, let's head overseas now and talk about all the saber-rattling lately over who controls the Mediterranean¹ Sea. Turkey has staked new claims for drilling rights, upsetting countries around that corner of the sea from Egypt and Israel to Cyprus and Greece. It's led to threats and to international pleas for calm. NPR's Peter Kenyon reports from Istanbul.

好，现在转向海外，关注近期由谁控制地中海引发的战争叫嚣。土耳其提出了新的开采权主张，这令埃及、以色列、塞浦路斯和希腊等地中海周边国家感到不安。这继而引发了威胁，国际社会则呼吁保持冷静。NPR新闻的彼得·肯杨将从伊斯坦布尔带来报道。

PETER KENYON, BYLINE²: Greece and Turkey have been neighbors and rivals for a long time. But in early June when Greek Defense³ Minister Nikos Panagiotopoulos spoke⁴ to Greece's Star Television about his latest problem with Turkey, he warned that this time, Athens was prepared to do, quote, "whatever it takes" to defend its interests, even if it meant going to war.

彼得·肯杨连线：很长一段时间以来，希腊和土耳其既是邻国也是竞争对手。但在6月初，希腊国防部长尼科斯·帕纳约托普洛斯在接受希腊星空电视台的采访时谈及希腊与土耳其之间的最新问题，他警告称，这次希腊已准备好“不惜一切代价”捍卫自已的利益，即使代价是开战。

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NIKOS PANAGIOTOPOULOS: (Non-English language spoken).

尼科斯·帕纳约托普洛斯：（用非英语语言讲话）。

KENYON: Turkey's behavior lately is quite aggressive, he said, adding that besides exhausting diplomatic channels, Greece urgently needed to, quote, "increase the deterrent⁵ powers of the armed forces." A poll conducted for a Greek TV station found a majority of Greeks would support military action against Turkey if its maritime⁶ borders were violated. When Turkey's defense minister, Hulusi Akar, was asked about his Greek counterpart's comment, he quickly said, it must have been a slip of the tongue.

肯杨：他表示，土耳其的行为在最近一段时间一直非常激进，除了耗尽外交渠道外，希腊急需“增加武装部队的威慑力”。为希腊一家电视台所做的民调发现，如果希腊的海洋边界遭到侵犯，大多数希腊人支持对土耳其采取军事行动。土耳其国防部长胡卢西·阿卡尔被问及希腊国防部长的言论，他迅速表示，这肯定是口误。

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HULUSI AKAR: (Non-English language spoken).

胡卢西·阿卡尔：（用非英语语言讲话）。

KENYON: Akar told a Turkish TV interviewer that he was sure the Greek defense minister must have misspoken because he could state, quote, "with mathematical certainty" that the Greeks would not want to stage a war with Turkey. These rising tensions are not about the usual sticking point between them, the divided island of Cyprus, which Turkey invaded in 1974. This dispute is over potentially lucrative⁷ natural gas deposits off the Cypriot coast, and Ankara hasn't been shy about making its intentions clear. Earlier this year, Turkish warships⁸ blocked an Italian drilling ship attempting to explore under a license⁹ from Cyprus. Then Turkey sent two of its own drilling ships to the area, along with support from the Turkish Navy.

肯杨：阿卡尔对土耳其电视台的采访者表示，他确定希腊国防部长肯定是口误了，因为他可以“确定”，希腊并不想与土耳其开战。这些不断升级的紧张局势并不是两国之间通常的症结所在，即土耳其在1974年入侵了分裂岛屿塞浦路斯。这场争端事关塞浦路斯海岸潜在且有利可图的天然气矿床，土耳其政府并不避讳表明其意图。今年早些时候，土耳其军舰拦截了一艘试图依据塞浦路斯许可进行勘探的意大利钻探船。之后，土耳其派出两艘钻探船前往该海域，同时部署土耳其海军进行协助。

Both the U.S. and EU expressed deep concern about the Turkish moves. But after a phone conversation with President Trump¹⁰, Turkish leader Recep Tayyip Erdogan heaped scorn on Greece's threats.

美国和欧盟都对土耳其的举动深表忧虑。但在与特朗普总统通话后，土耳其领导人雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安对希腊的威胁表示出轻蔑。

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PRESIDENT RECEP TAYYIP ERDOGAN: (Non-English language spoken).

土耳其总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安：（用非英语语言讲话）。

KENYON: Erdogan compared Greece to a donkey in a lion's skin, and told Athens to, quote, "come to your senses, know your place," or face a harsh response from Turkey. At the heart of this dispute are two very different pictures of the eastern Mediterranean. One involves a maritime border agreement and a pipeline¹¹ deal involving Greece, Cyprus and Israel. That appears to put these gas resources within the Cypriot exclusive economic zone. The other involves a much more recent deal between Libya and Turkey, which has been backing the Tripoli government in Libya's ongoing¹² civil war. Ankara says that deal gives Turkey undersea exploration rights. So which interpretation¹³ is right?

肯杨：埃尔多安将希腊比作披着狮子皮的驴，他对希腊人说，“清醒过来，认清自已的位置”，否则你们就要面临土耳其的严厉回应。这场争论的核心是东地中海两种截然不同的状况。其一涉及海上边界协议以及希腊、塞浦路斯和以色列之间的管道协议。这似乎将天然气资源置于塞浦路斯专属经济区内。其二涉及利比亚和土耳其最近达成的一项协议，土耳其一直在利比亚持续不断的内战中支持的黎波里政府。土耳其政府表示，这项协议赋予了土耳其海底勘探权。那哪种解释是正确的呢？

TAREK MEGERISI: I mean, they're both dubious¹⁴. This is almost kind of like schoolyard antics in international law.

塔里克·梅格里西：两种说法都不可信。这几乎就像国际法中的校园荒唐行为。

KENYON: Mid-East and North Africa analyst¹⁵ Tarek Megerisi at the European Council on Foreign Relations says both claims are stretching the law.

肯杨：欧洲外交关系委员会的中东和北非分析师塔里克·梅格里西表示，两种说法都在曲解法律。

MEGERISI: So both sides are kind of really pushing the envelope of what's reasonable and logical to try to make a legal claim that will just support them for long enough to create facts on the water.

梅格里西：双方都在挑战合理性和逻辑性，试图提出合法主张，以在足够长的时间里支持他们在该海域构建事实。

KENYON: What's needed, Megerisi says, is for an international power to step in and oversee¹⁶ a reconciliation¹⁷ effort that both sides can live with. But since the United States seems less and less interested in doing that these days, he says it remains¹⁸ to be seen who, if anyone, might be willing and able to take on that role.

肯杨：梅格里西表示，现在需要国际力量介入，监督双方都能接受的和解努力。但他同时提到，由于美国最近似乎对担任这种角色越来越不感兴趣，是否有人愿意而且有能力承担这一角色，尚有待观察。

Peter Kenyon, NPR News, Istanbul.

NPR新闻，彼得·肯杨伊斯坦布尔报道。

1 Mediterranean   

adj.地中海的；地中海沿岸的

参考例句：

• The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
• Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。

2 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

3 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

4 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

5 deterrent   

n.阻碍物，制止物；adj.威慑的，遏制的

参考例句：

• Large fines act as a deterrent to motorists.高额罚款是对开车的人的制约。
• I put a net over my strawberries as a deterrent to the birds.我在草莓上罩了网，免得鸟歇上去。

6 maritime   

adj.海的，海事的，航海的，近海的，沿海的

参考例句：

• Many maritime people are fishermen.许多居于海滨的人是渔夫。
• The temperature change in winter is less in maritime areas.冬季沿海的温差较小。

7 lucrative   

adj.赚钱的，可获利的

参考例句：

• He decided to turn his hobby into a lucrative sideline.他决定把自己的爱好变成赚钱的副业。
• It was not a lucrative profession.那是一个没有多少油水的职业。

8 warships   

军舰，战舰( warship的名词复数 )； 舰只

参考例句：

• The enemy warships were disengaged from the battle after suffering heavy casualties. 在遭受惨重伤亡后，敌舰退出了海战。
• The government fitted out warships and sailors for them. 政府给他们配备了战舰和水手。

9 license   

n.执照，许可证，特许；v.许可，特许

参考例句：

• The foreign guest has a license on the person.这个外国客人随身携带执照。
• The driver was arrested for having false license plates on his car.司机由于使用假车牌而被捕。

10 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

11 pipeline   

n.管道，管线

参考例句：

• The pipeline supplies Jordan with 15 per cent of its crude oil.该管道供给约旦15%的原油。
• A single pipeline serves all the houses with water.一条单管路给所有的房子供水。

12 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

13 interpretation   

n.解释，说明，描述；艺术处理

参考例句：

• His statement admits of one interpretation only.他的话只有一种解释。
• Analysis and interpretation is a very personal thing.分析与说明是个很主观的事情。

14 dubious   

adj.怀疑的，无把握的；有问题的，靠不住的

参考例句：

• What he said yesterday was dubious.他昨天说的话很含糊。
• He uses some dubious shifts to get money.他用一些可疑的手段去赚钱。

15 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

16 oversee   

vt.监督，管理

参考例句：

• Soldiers oversee the food handouts.士兵们看管着救济食品。
• Use a surveyor or architect to oversee and inspect the different stages of the work.请一位房产检视员或建筑师来监督并检查不同阶段的工作。

17 reconciliation   

n.和解，和谐，一致

参考例句：

• He was taken up with the reconciliation of husband and wife.他忙于做夫妻间的调解工作。
• Their handshake appeared to be a gesture of reconciliation.他们的握手似乎是和解的表示。

18 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。