美国国家公共电台 NPR 共和党公布新一轮万亿美元救助法案

After some delays, congressional Republicans have rolled out a proposal today detailing what they think should be included in the next wave of coronavirus relief aid. Here's Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell.

经过一段时间的推迟之后，国会共和党人今天公布了一份提案，详细说明了他们认为下一波冠状病毒援助应该包含哪些举措。以下是参议院多数党领袖米奇·麦康奈尔所说。

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MITCH MCCONNELL: We have produced a tailored and targeted draft that will cut right to the heart of three distinct crises facing our country — getting kids back in school, getting workers back to work and winning the health care fight against the virus.

米奇·麦康奈尔：我们制定了一份有针对性的定制草案，该草案将直接触及我国面临的三个不同危机的核心——让孩子重返校园、让工人重返工作岗位以及赢得对抗冠状病毒的卫生保健之战。

SHAPIRO: Democrats¹ say this plan doesn't do enough to support Americans. NPR congressional reporter Claudia Grisales is following these developments and joins us now.

夏皮罗：民主党人表示，这份计划在支持美国民众方面做得不够。NPR新闻的国会记者克劳迪娅·格里塞尔斯一直在跟进这些进展，现在她将和我们连线。

Hi, Claudia.

你好，克劳迪娅。

CLAUDIA GRISALES, BYLINE²: Hi, Ari.

克劳迪娅·格里塞尔斯连线：你好，阿里。

SHAPIRO: So what have the Republicans put in their bill?

夏皮罗：共和党这份方案中包含哪些内容？

GRISALES: So this bill, they're calling it the HEALS Act. This is for the Health, Economic Assistance, Liability Protection and Schools Act. It's a mouthful, but it covers a lot of areas. It covers payments to families again, unemployment money and new legal protections for businesses. This was a marquee issue for Republicans during this round of relief.

格里塞尔斯：他们将这份法案称为“治疗法案”。全称为“健康、经济援助、责任保护和学校法”。名称有点拗口，不过法案涵盖多个领域。其再次涵盖对家庭的补贴、失业金，同时新增了对企业的法律保护。这是共和党在本轮纾困方案中最关注的问题。

Key committee chairs drafted the various components³ of the bill. They're rolling them out slowly, even as we speak. On the direct payments for Americans, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said this would be the same as the previous round, which was $1,200, up to a certain income level for Americans. The unemployment benefits are expected to fall way short in their proposal of what we currently see this week. This is the last week of the benefits where laid-off workers were getting an extra $600 a week. That would fall to $200 under this Republican proposal.

关键委员会的主席起草了该法案的各个部分。在我们进行报道时，他们还在缓慢公布法案细节。就为美国公民提供的直接补贴而言，参议院多数党领袖米奇·麦康奈尔表示，金额将与上一轮救济相同，即1200美元，不过金额要取决于美国公民的收入水平。他们本周提出的方案将大幅削减失业救济金。本周是失业工人每周可获得额外600美元救济金的最后一周。在共和党的提案中，失业救济金将降至200美元。

It also includes more than a hundred billion for schools, and there's money for testing and a popular small business loan vehicle known as the Paycheck Protection Program.

法案还包括为学校提供超过1000亿美元的补贴，以及检测资金和受欢迎的小企业贷款计划“工资保障计划”。

SHAPIRO: So compare that to what Democrats are proposing. How far apart are the two plans?

夏皮罗：将该法案与民主党的提案对比一下。两份方案有多大不同？

GRISALES: Very far apart — they've reiterated⁴ that they've already got the solution to all this. They call it the HEROES Act. This was passed more than two months ago by the House. That's a $3 trillion plan. This is a lot more than the Republican plan, which we expect to come in around the $1 trillion mark. And they say some of their asks are even going up since they passed their own bill in May, such as school funding which they say needs even more money now with how conditions have changed. Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer was just on the floor after McConnell spoke⁵. He said the bill was weak, and it's too little, too late.

格里塞尔斯：相距甚远，他们重申，他们已经找到了解决一切问题的方法。他们称之为“英雄法案”。这份法案于两个多月前在众议院获得通过。该方案价值3万亿美元。金额远超共和党的计划，我们预计共和党方案的规模将达到1万亿美元。他们表示，自5月份通过法案以来，他们的一些要求甚至还在继续增加，比如，随着条件的变化，现在学校需要更多经费。参议院少数党领袖查克·舒默在麦康奈尔讲话后进行了表态。他说，这份法案很弱，规模过小，出台时间过晚。

SHAPIRO: Among the various disagreements, this $600 a week that unemployed⁶ people have been getting is a big one. You mentioned that Republicans would like to lower it to $200. Democrats want to keep it at 600. What do you expect we'll see in the final bill?

夏皮罗：在多个存在分歧的问题中，每周600美元的失业救济是重要问题。你刚提到众议院想将失业救济降至200美元。民主党则希望维持在600美元。你预计我们会在最终法案中看到哪种情况？

GRISALES: So the $600 figure, I imagine, will be very difficult to get into this next bill. Republicans have really been pushing hard against this. Even as they were passing it earlier this year, they were really concerned. And we've heard Democrats soften⁷ on this, so perhaps they would agree to a lower figure. I imagine 200 is going to be a lot lower than Democrats want to go, just reflecting on Schumer's reaction. So I think in this new measure, it could be tough to see that repeated.

格里塞尔斯：我认为600美元这个数字很出现在下一份法案中。共和党人一直在极力反对这一金额。即使在今年早些时候通过了这一金额，他们依然非常担心。我们了解到，民主党人在这一点上态度有所软化，也许他们会同意降低失业救济金。我认为200美元比民主党人期望的数字要低得多，想想舒默的反应。因此，我认为新方案中很难再次看到600美元这一数字。

Tonight, however, Republicans are set to meet. White House Republican leaders — this is Treasury⁸ Secretary Steven Mnuchin and White House chief of staff Mark Meadows — are going to be meeting with Schumer and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi in her office to really begin these negotiations⁹ in earnest.

不过，共和党人今晚将举行会谈。白宫共和党领袖——财政部长史蒂芬·姆努钦和白宫办公厅主任马克·梅多斯将与舒默和众议院议长南希·佩洛西在佩洛西的办公室举行会谈，真正开始谈判。

SHAPIRO: But some of these unemployment benefits are expiring really soon, like Friday. What does that mean for millions of people who are relying on them?

夏皮罗：但一些失业救济金将于本周五到期。这对依赖他它们的数百万人来说意味着什么？

GRISALES: They are going to be facing a very tough scenario¹⁰. They very likely could face a week, coming next week, where they will not see that extra $600. There is talk that there could be back payments for this. But that all depends on how these negotiations go, and those could take another couple weeks to wrap up.

格里塞尔斯：他们将面临非常艰难的局面。下一周他们很可能面临的情况是，不会再得到额外的600美元补贴。有传言说可能会有逾期支付的情况发生。但这都取决于谈判的走向，而这可能还需要数个星期才能有定论。

SHAPIRO: NPR's Claudia Grisales, thank you very much for the update.

夏皮罗：以上是NPR新闻的克劳迪娅·格里塞尔斯带来的最新报道，非常谢谢你。

GRISALES: Thanks for having me.

格里塞尔斯：谢谢你们邀请我。

1 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

3 components   

（机器、设备等的）构成要素，零件，成分； 成分( component的名词复数 )； [物理化学]组分； [数学]分量； （混合物的）组成部分

参考例句：

• the components of a machine 机器部件
• Our chemistry teacher often reduces a compound to its components in lab. 在实验室中化学老师常把化合物分解为各种成分。

4 reiterated   

反复地说，重申( reiterate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• "Well, I want to know about it,'she reiterated. “嗯，我一定要知道你的休假日期，"她重复说。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
• Some twenty-two years later President Polk reiterated and elaborated upon these principles. 大约二十二年之后，波尔克总统重申这些原则并且刻意阐释一番。

5 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

6 unemployed   

adj.失业的，没有工作的；未动用的，闲置的

参考例句：

• There are now over four million unemployed workers in this country.这个国家现有四百万失业人员。
• The unemployed hunger for jobs.失业者渴望得到工作。

7 soften   

v.(使)变柔软；(使)变柔和

参考例句：

• Plastics will soften when exposed to heat.塑料适当加热就可以软化。
• This special cream will help to soften up our skin.这种特殊的护肤霜有助于使皮肤变得柔软。

8 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

9 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

10 scenario   

n.剧本，脚本；概要

参考例句：

• But the birth scenario is not completely accurate.然而分娩脚本并非完全准确的。
• This is a totally different scenario.这是完全不同的剧本。