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约旦受到叙利亚内战和难民危机的挑战

Syria's civil war and the refugee crisis it has created are presenting a growing challenge to the government of neighboring Jordan.

叙利亚内战以及引发的难民危机成为邻国约旦越来越大的挑战。

Fighting in Syria is felt far beyond its borders; drawn¹ in militia² from Lebanon and Iraq and seen refugees flee to Turkey and Jordan.

叙利亚境内的战斗使人感到已经远远超出了它的边界，它引入了来自黎巴嫩和伊拉克的民兵，并促使难民们纷纷逃往土耳其和约旦。

In an interview with Turkish television, President Bashar al-Assad said all of Syria's neighbors are paying a price for the war against him.

在接受土耳其电视台的采访时，叙利亚总统阿萨德说，叙利亚的所有邻国都在为这次反对他的战争付出代价。

"If we look at it as though it is a raging fire that is burning society, it must extend its reach. So it's impossible that Syria will be on fire and Turkey is cold, comfortable. The same goes for Iraq and Lebanon and Jordan," explained Assad.

阿萨德说：“如果我们把这次战争看作是焚烧叙利亚社会的一场大火，那么其火势一定会蔓延到境外。所以叙利亚发生战争，土耳其不可能安然自若。伊拉克、黎巴嫩和约旦也是一样。”

In Jordan, there have been demonstrations³ against the Kingdom's alliance with the United States. It is a public discontent emboldened⁴ by the war in Syria, according to former U.S. ambassador Adam Ereli.

约旦已经发生过许多次示威游行，抗议约旦王国与美国结盟。前美国大使艾瑞里认为，这是因为叙利亚战争已经引起了约旦国内民众的强烈不满。

"Domestic unrest and political unrest and popular dissatisfaction with governmental policies is present in Jordan. And looking at what's happening in Syria influences that," said Ereli.

Fighting in Syria unsettles Jordan, which is already at the crossroads of regional crises, claims American University professor Akbar Ahmed.

美利坚大学教授艾哈.迈德说，叙利亚内战使约旦国内动荡不定，而约旦已经处于区域危机的十字路口。

"Sooner or later that would affect the Palestinians, draw in Hezbollah and then back to the Shia/Sunni confrontation⁵ and the regional powers. And that is a nightmare for Jordan," said Ahmed.

艾哈.迈德说：“迟早会影响到巴勒斯坦人，引入真主党，然后又回到什叶派和逊尼派的对抗以及区域大国介入。这对约旦来说，是场噩梦。”

The most visible impact on Jordan is more than half-a-million Syrian refugees. Jordan's King Abdullah told the United Nations that, "the damage and dangers are mounting.

对约旦最明显的影响就是超过50万叙利亚难民潮。约旦国王阿卜杜拉告诉联合国：“损害和危险还在增加之中。”

"These are not just numbers. They are people, who need food, water, shelter, sanitation⁶, electricity, health care, and more. Not even the strongest global economies could absorb this demand on infrastructure⁷ and resources," continued Abdullah.

阿卜杜拉说：“这些难民不仅仅是数字。他们是人，他们需要食物、水、避难所、卫生设备、电力、医疗，以及更多。就连全球最强大的经济体也不能完全负担这些难民对基础设施和资源的需求。”

That challenges the structure of Jordanian society, says U.N. High Commissioner⁸ for Refugees Antonio Guterres.

联合国难民事务高级专员安东尼奥.古特雷斯说，它使得约旦的社会结构面临挑战道。

"They are going through huge demographic changes following the refugee influx⁹, unsettling their social and economic fabric," explained Guterres.

Ahmed points out that this is all happening at an especially precarious¹⁰ time for King Abdullah.

"Jordan is a very fragile state. So it has a charismatic, intelligent, wise ruler but a fragile base to it," said Ahmed.

The demands of Syrian refugees only make that worse as Jordanian leaders try to insulate themselves from the conflict.

前美国大使艾瑞里说，约旦政府尝试从战争中抽身，但是大批叙利亚难民逃往约旦只能让约旦的处境更糟糕。

"It requires money, which they don't have. It requires flexibility¹¹, innovation, reform which they do have and they are working on. But I would say it is a very tense situation," said Ereli.

艾瑞里说：“安置难民需要资金，但是约旦政府没有；安置难民还需要灵活性、创新和改革，但是约旦还在为这些努力。在我看来，约旦现在的境况非常紧张。”

Jordan wants to avoid being drawn further into Syria's civil war and is part of efforts by the United States and Russia to find a political solution to a conflict that has already killed more than 100,000 people.

约旦试图避免进一步卷入叙利亚内战，美国和俄罗斯正在寻找一个政治解决方案以缓解战争。迄今为止，叙利亚内战已经造成超过十万人死亡。