新闻周刊:朝美无核化再现分歧(2)

Washington points to historic examples of countries willingly and openly standing¹ down their nuclear programs: South Africa after it democratized and Ukraine after the dissolution of the Soviet² Union. If you do that, the U.S. has told the North, the money will begin to flow.

美国指出，一些国家愿意并公开地放弃其核项目，这是具有历史意义的例子：南非是在解体后，乌克兰是在苏联解体后。美国告诉朝鲜，如果这样做，资金就会开始流动。

That position ignores the extraordinary level of mistrust between the Kim regime and the U.S., say current and former diplomats³ who have dealt with Pyongyang. Consider what the North means when it talks about denuclearizing the Korean Peninsula. Yes, it wants the South removed from the U.S. nuclear umbrella—the air and seaborne weapons standing ready to defend Seoul and other East Asian allies—but its sights go much further. U.S. diplomats and intelligence officials have learned to their chagrin⁴ that the North Korean government apparently⁵ believes—incorrectly—that the U.S. still maintains a secret stash⁶ of nuclear weapons in the South. In a December 20 statement, Pyongyang said the U.S. “must study geography.” The Korean Peninsula, it said, “includes the territory of our republic and also the entire region of South Korea where the United States has placed its invasive force, including nuclear weapons.”

和朝鲜政府打过交道的前任和现任外交官都表示，这一立场忽视了金氏政权与美国之间极不寻常的不信任。考虑一下朝鲜在谈论朝鲜半岛无核化时的意思。是的，朝鲜想让韩国从美国的核保护伞中消失——随时准备保卫首尔和其他东亚盟友的空中和海上武器——但朝鲜眼光远非如此。令美国外交官和情报官员懊恼的是，朝鲜政府显然认为美国仍在韩国秘密藏匿核武器——这是错误的。朝鲜政府在12月20日的声明中说，美国“必须学习地理”。 声明表示，朝鲜半岛“包括我们共和国的领土，也包括美国部署包括核武器在内的入侵力量的整个韩国地区”。

The U.S. removed all tactical nukes from the South in the early 1990s, but the North’s claim is in line with domestic propaganda the North uses to demonize the U.S. Pyongyang claims America started the Korean War in 1950 by invading the North; in fact, Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Un’s grandfather, invaded the South. It says the U.S. seeks to keep Korea permanently⁷ divided and stands poised⁸ to attack the North at any moment. The standard assumption among many foreign policy analysts⁹ is that the leadership simply uses these claims to justify¹⁰ its own spending on the military in the face of widespread poverty.

上世纪90年代初，美国从韩国撤走了所有战术核武器，但朝鲜的说法与朝鲜用来妖魔化美国的国内宣传相符。朝鲜政府方面声称，美国在1950年入侵朝鲜，引发了朝鲜战争；事实上，金正恩的祖父金日成入侵了韩国。声明称，美国试图使朝鲜永久分裂，随时准备攻击朝鲜。许多外交政策分析人士的标准假设是，面对普遍存在的贫困，朝鲜领导层只是用这些说法来为自己的军费开支辩护。

But that doesn’t mean that in private discussions with outsiders—including U.S. or South Korean diplomats—the North simply waves away the outlandish claims as useful propaganda. Far from it. As Kim Sung-hak, a South Korean scholar who has extensively studied North Korean propaganda, puts it, “they tend to believe what they say publicly. It’s in the fabric¹¹ of their DNA¹².”

但这并不意味着，在与包括美国或韩国外交官在内的局外人的私下讨论中，朝鲜只是把这些古怪的说法当作有用的宣传手段而置之不理。远非如此。正如广泛研究朝鲜宣传的韩国学者金圣学所言，“他们往往相信自己在公开场合说的话。这一点根植于其DNA结构中。”

1 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

2 Soviet   

adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃

参考例句：

• Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
• Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

3 diplomats   

n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人

参考例句：

• These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
• The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 chagrin   

n.懊恼；气愤；委屈

参考例句：

• His increasingly visible chagrin sets up a vicious circle.他的明显的不满引起了一种恶性循环。
• Much to his chagrin,he did not win the race.使他大为懊恼的是他赛跑没获胜。

5 apparently   

adv.显然地；表面上，似乎

参考例句：

• An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
• He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

6 stash   

v.藏或贮存于一秘密处所；n.隐藏处

参考例句：

• Stash away both what you lost and gained,for life continues on.将得失深藏心底吧，为了那未来的生活。
• That's supposed to be in our private stash.这是我的私人珍藏。

7 permanently   

adv.永恒地，永久地，固定不变地

参考例句：

• The accident left him permanently scarred.那次事故给他留下了永久的伤疤。
• The ship is now permanently moored on the Thames in London.该船现在永久地停泊在伦敦泰晤士河边。

8 poised   

a.摆好姿势不动的

参考例句：

• The hawk poised in mid-air ready to swoop. 老鹰在半空中盘旋，准备俯冲。
• Tina was tense, her hand poised over the telephone. 蒂娜心情紧张，手悬在电话机上。

9 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

10 justify   

vt.证明…正当(或有理)，为…辩护

参考例句：

• He tried to justify his absence with lame excuses.他想用站不住脚的借口为自己的缺席辩解。
• Can you justify your rude behavior to me?你能向我证明你的粗野行为是有道理的吗？

11 fabric   

n.织物，织品，布；构造，结构，组织

参考例句：

• The fabric will spot easily.这种织品很容易玷污。
• I don't like the pattern on the fabric.我不喜欢那块布料上的图案。

12 DNA   

(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸

参考例句：

• DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
• Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。