新闻周刊:伊朗开仇杀,美伊战争一触即发

From the WORLD

来自世界版块

Iran Vows² Soleimani Revenge As First Anniversary of Assassination³ Looms⁴

在索莱马尼上将遭暗杀一周年即将到来之际，伊朗誓言要进行报复

BY DAVID BRENNAN

作者：大卫·布伦南

Iranian leaders have maintained a drumbeat of threats as the first anniversary of the assassination of top commander Major General Qassem Soleimani approaches, amid continued tension with President Donald Trump⁵'s administration in its final weeks.

最高指挥官卡塞姆·索莱马尼少将遇刺一周年临近，伊朗领导人不断发出威胁的警告。在最后几周，伊朗与特朗普政府的关系持续紧张。

Soleimani—a national hero, confidante to Supreme⁶ Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, and widely considered the second most powerful figure in the regime—was killed in an American drone strike on January 3 this year.

索莱马尼少将是民族英雄、是伊朗最高领导人哈梅内伊的心腹、也被广泛认为是伊朗政权的二把手，他在今年1月3日的美国无人机空袭中丧生。

Iran is preparing to mark the anniversary as regime leaders continue to vow¹ revenge against the U.S. Iranian forces responded to the strike in January with ballistic missile attacks on Iraqi military bases housing American troops, wounding more than 100. But Iranian officials have promised more retaliation⁷.

伊朗正准备纪念这一周年纪念日，伊朗政权领导人继续誓言要报复美国。为回应1月美军发动的空袭，伊朗军队用弹道导弹袭击了驻扎美军的伊拉克军事基地，造成100多人受伤。但伊朗官员承诺将进行更多报复。

President Hassan Rouhani told reporters Wednesday the assassination had turned Soleimani from a "national hero" to an "eternal hero."

伊朗总统鲁哈尼星期三对记者说，这次暗杀使索莱马尼少将从“民族英雄”变成了“不朽的英雄”

Rouhani namechecked Trump and Secretary of State Mike Pompeo as the "main perpetrators" of the strike and said "our nation will not give up on them," the Tasnim News Agency reported. "It is the right of the people to take revenge," he added.

塔斯尼姆通讯社报道称，伊朗总统鲁哈尼指认美国总统特朗普和国务卿蓬佩奥是这次空袭的“主犯”，并表示“我们的国家不会放过他们”。他补充说，“人民有权复仇。”

U.S.-Iran tensions are already running high, as they have for much of Trump's presidency⁸. Trump lost the presidential election and will leave office next month, but during the transition period has placed ever-harsher sanctions on Iran and warned he will respond aggressively to any Iranian aggression⁹.

特朗普总统任期内的大部分时间里，美伊关系已经高度紧张。特朗普在总统选举中失利，将于下月离任，但在过渡时期，他对伊朗实施了前所未有的严厉制裁，并警告说，他将对伊朗的任何挑衅行为作出积极应对。

Top nuclear scientist Mohsen Fakhrizadeh was killed in November, reportedly in an Israeli operation outside Tehran. The regime has accused the U.S. of complicity, vowed¹⁰ vengeance¹¹ and expanded its nuclear program in response.

据报道，顶级核科学家莫森·法赫里扎德在11月德黑兰郊外的一次以色列行动中被杀。伊朗政权指控美国是同谋，誓言要复仇，并为此扩大了核计划。

Iraq has been the main battleground for the U.S.-Iranian conflict. Tehran-aligned militias¹³ have regularly targeted American interests there, and since November have resumed rocket attacks on the U.S. embassy in Baghdad and IED attacks on American convoys¹⁴ elsewhere.

伊拉克一直是美伊冲突的主战场。与德黑兰方结盟的民兵组织经常以美国在伊拉克的利益为目标，自去年11月以来，又恢复了对美国驻巴格达大使馆的火箭弹袭击和对其他地方美国车队的简易爆炸装置袭击。

This prompted Trump's warning of retaliation if any Americans are killed. The president posted photos of unfired rockets from the most recent attack on the U.S. embassy, warning: "Now we hear chatter¹⁵ of additional attacks against Americans in Iraq. Some friendly health advice to Iran: If one American is killed, I will hold Iran responsible. Think it over."

这促使特朗普发出警告，如果有美国人被杀，美国将进行报复。特朗普总统贴出了美国大使馆最近一次遭到袭击时未点火火箭弹的照片，并警告称：“我们现在听到有传言说伊朗在伊拉克攻击美国人。我们要给伊朗一些友好的健康建议：如果一个美国人被杀，我将追究伊朗的责任。你们好好想想吧。”

Iran has long held sway in war-torn Iraq, expanding its influence massively during the disastrous¹⁶ American occupation of the country and the sectarian civil war that followed.

在饱受战争蹂躏的伊拉克，伊朗长期以来一直占据主导地位，且在美国对伊拉克灾难性的占领以及随后爆发的宗派内战中，伊朗的影响力大幅扩大。

The country's fight against Islamic State militants¹⁷ gave Iran and Soleimani further opportunities to increase Baghdad's reliance on Tehran, and the campaign led to significant power for the Iran-aligned Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) militia¹² organization. The drone strike that killed Soleimani also killed PMF chief Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis.

伊拉克打击伊斯兰国武装分子的行动，给了伊朗和索莱马尼进一步增加巴格达对德黑兰依赖的机会，此行动也为与伊朗结盟的人民动员力量民兵组织带来了巨大的力量。导致索莱马尼上将丧生的无人机袭击还造成了伊朗武装部队负责人阿布·马赫迪·穆罕迪斯死亡。

Iran's ambassador to Iraq—Iraj Masjedi—told the Al-Ahed news website that Tehran's Soleimani revenge could also be the expulsion of American troops from Iraq, a long-held goal for the Iranian regime and its proxy¹⁸ forces.

伊朗驻伊大使伊拉杰·马斯杰迪向《阿拉伯联合报》透露，德黑兰为索莱马尼上将而采取的报复行动也可能是将美军驱逐出伊拉克，这是伊朗政权及其代理部队长期以来的目标。

Soleimani's assassination prompted Iraqi lawmakers to pass a resolution demanding full American withdrawal¹⁹ from the country, despite U.S. efforts to stop the vote.

索莱马尼上将暗杀事件促使伊拉克议员通过了要求美国全面撤出伊拉克的决议，尽管美国努力阻止投票。

Masjedi claimed Iran does not want Iraq to be dragged into its conflict with the U.S., but Iranian and allied²⁰ activities tell a different story. Pressure on the U.S. embassy has prompted the State Department to draw staffing levels there down amid security concerns.

伊朗驻伊大使马斯杰迪声称，伊朗不希望伊拉克卷入美伊冲突，但伊朗及其同盟的活动说明了一个不同的情况。出于安全考虑，美国大使馆在高压下促使国务院降低了驻伊拉克的人员编制。

Pompeo has previously²¹ warned the facility may close down if the Iraqi government cannot guarantee its safety. Indeed, the Soleimani strike was partially²² prompted by the storming of the embassy by Iraqi protesters and militia members last December.

蓬佩奥此前警告称，如果伊拉克政府不能保证美国驻伊拉克大使馆安全，大使馆可能会关闭。事实上，索莱马尼上将遇袭的部分原因是去年12月伊拉克抗议者和民兵组织袭击大使馆。

Amid the latest staff reduction, an unnamed defense²³ official told CNN that the U.S. expects further retaliation for Soleimani's assassination. "They aren't going to give up," the official said, adding that Tehran would likely not rush to follow through on its threats.

在最新的裁员行动中，一位不愿透露姓名的国防部官员告诉CNN，美国预计将对索莱马尼遇刺事件进行进一步报复。这名官员说，“他们不会放弃，”并补充说，德黑兰可能不会急于落实其威胁。

1 vow   

n.誓(言)，誓约；v.起誓，立誓

参考例句：

• My parents are under a vow to go to church every Sunday.我父母许愿，每星期日都去做礼拜。
• I am under a vow to drink no wine.我已立誓戒酒。

2 vows   

誓言( vow的名词复数 )； 郑重宣布，许愿

参考例句：

• Matrimonial vows are to show the faithfulness of the new couple. 婚誓体现了新婚夫妇对婚姻的忠诚。
• The nun took strait vows. 那位修女立下严格的誓愿。

3 assassination   

n.暗杀；暗杀事件

参考例句：

• The assassination of the president brought matters to a head.总统遭暗杀使事态到了严重关头。
• Lincoln's assassination in 1865 shocked the whole nation.1865年，林肯遇刺事件震惊全美国。

4 looms   

n.织布机( loom的名词复数 )v.隐约出现，阴森地逼近( loom的第三人称单数 )；隐约出现，阴森地逼近

参考例句：

• All were busily engaged,men at their ploughs,women at their looms. 大家都很忙，男的耕田，女的织布。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The factory has twenty-five looms. 那家工厂有25台织布机。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

6 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

7 retaliation   

n.报复，反击

参考例句：

• retaliation against UN workers 对联合国工作人员的报复
• He never said a single word in retaliation. 他从未说过一句反击的话。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

9 aggression   

n.进攻，侵略，侵犯，侵害

参考例句：

• So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结，就不必惧怕外来侵略。
• Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。

10 vowed   

起誓，发誓（vow的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• He vowed quite solemnly that he would carry out his promise. 他非常庄严地发誓要实现他的诺言。
• I vowed to do more of the cooking myself. 我发誓自己要多动手做饭。

11 vengeance   

n.报复，报仇，复仇

参考例句：

• He swore vengeance against the men who murdered his father.他发誓要向那些杀害他父亲的人报仇。
• For years he brooded vengeance.多年来他一直在盘算报仇。

12 militia   

n.民兵，民兵组织

参考例句：

• First came the PLA men,then the people's militia.人民解放军走在前面，其次是民兵。
• There's a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。

13 militias   

n.民兵组织，民兵( militia的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The troops will not attempt to disarm the warring militias. 部队并不打算解除战斗中的民兵武装。 来自辞典例句
• The neighborhood was a battleground for Shiite and Sunni militias. 那里曾是什叶派和逊尼派武装分子的战场。 来自互联网

14 convoys   

n.（有护航的）船队( convoy的名词复数 )；车队；护航（队）；护送队

参考例句：

• Truck convoys often stop over for lunch here. 车队经常在这里停下来吃午饭。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• A UN official said aid programs will be suspended until there's adequate protection for relief convoys. 一名联合国官员说将会暂停援助项目，直到援助车队能够得到充分的保护为止。 来自辞典例句

15 chatter   

vi.／n.喋喋不休；短促尖叫；(牙齿)打战

参考例句：

• Her continuous chatter vexes me.她的喋喋不休使我烦透了。
• I've had enough of their continual chatter.我已厌烦了他们喋喋不休的闲谈。

16 disastrous   

adj.灾难性的，造成灾害的；极坏的，很糟的

参考例句：

• The heavy rainstorm caused a disastrous flood.暴雨成灾。
• Her investment had disastrous consequences.She lost everything she owned.她的投资结果很惨，血本无归。

17 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

18 proxy   

n.代理权，代表权；（对代理人的）委托书；代理人

参考例句：

• You may appoint a proxy to vote for you.你可以委托他人代你投票。
• We enclose a form of proxy for use at the Annual General Meeting.我们附上委任年度大会代表的表格。

19 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

20 allied   

adj.协约国的；同盟国的

参考例句：

• Britain was allied with the United States many times in history.历史上英国曾多次与美国结盟。
• Allied forces sustained heavy losses in the first few weeks of the campaign.同盟国在最初几周内遭受了巨大的损失。

21 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

22 partially   

adv.部分地，从某些方面讲

参考例句：

• The door was partially concealed by the drapes.门有一部分被门帘遮住了。
• The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted.警方设法恢复了平静，宵禁部分解除。

23 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。