美国学生历史 第205期:The year 1863(5)

 But Bragg was now greatly strengthened by soldiers from the Mississippi and by Longstreet's division from Lee's army in Virginia. 但是，此时的布拉格得到来自密西西比士兵的补充，也得到朗斯特里特从弗吉尼亚李将军那里调来部队的支持，

He turned on Rosecrans, and attacked him at Chickamauga Creek¹. 他反攻罗斯科阮斯，并在朗斯特里特河向罗斯科阮斯的部队发起攻击。

The right wing of the Union army was driven from the field. 联邦军队的右翼被赶出战场，

But Thomas, "the Rock of Chickamauga," with his men stood fast. 但是，托马斯这位号称"查塔努加岩石"的英雄带领他的战士顽强应战，

Bragg attacked him again and again, and failed every time, although he had double Thomas's numbers. 布拉格有比托马斯多一倍的兵力，但他不得不向托马斯发起一次次攻击，而每次攻击都以失败告终。

Rosecrans, believing the battle to be lost, had ridden off to Chattanooga, but Sheridan aided Thomas as well as he could. 罗斯科阮斯认为已经战败，跨马驰离查塔努加，但是，谢礼登竭尽全力援助托马斯。

The third day Thomas and Bragg kept their positions, and then the Union soldiers retired² unpursued to Chattanooga. 第三天托马斯和布拉格都退守不战，随后，联邦军士兵在没有追兵的情况下向查塔努加撤退。

The command of the whole army at Chattanooga was now given to Thomas, and Grant was placed in control of all the Western armies. 现在，查塔努加的所有军队都归托马斯指挥，并且，任命格兰特负责西部所有联邦军队。

421. Chattanooga, November, 1863. 421．查塔努加（1863年11月）

The Union soldiers at Chattanooga were in great danger. 联邦军在查塔努加的士兵处于巨大危险中，

For the Confederates were all about them and they could get no food. 因为南方联盟的所有军队都在他们附近，

But help was at hand. Hooker, with fifteen thousand men from the Army of the Potomac, arrived and opened a road by which food could reach Chattanooga. 而他们可能得不到食品供应，但援助即将到来。胡克从波特马克军中带来15000人，他们赶来并开辟一条给查塔努加运送食品的路。

Then Grant came with Sherman's corps³ from Vicksburg. 随后，格兰特带着谢尔曼的军团从维克斯堡赶来，

He at once sent Sherman to assail⁴ Bragg's right flank and ordered Hooker to attack his left flank. 他立刻派谢尔曼猛攻布拉格的右翼，并命令胡克攻击布拉格的左翼。

Sherman and his men advanced until he was stopped by a deep ravine. 谢尔曼带领军队前进，直到一条大峡谷挡住去路才停下来。

At the other end of the line Hooker fought right up the side of Lookout⁵ Mountain, until the battle raged above the clouds. 在战线的另一端，胡克率部一直攻打到瞭望山，所到之处杀声震天。

In the center were Thomas's men. Eager to avenge⁶ the slaughter⁷ of Chickamauga, they carried the first Confederate line of defenses. 中部是托马斯的军队，他们急于报查塔努加之仇，冲到南方联盟军的第一道防线，

Then, without orders, they rushed up the hillside over the inner lines. 然后，命令还没有下达他们就冲上山坡，

They drove the Southerners from their guns and seized their works. 南方联盟军弃枪而逃，他们占领了阵地。

Bragg retreated as well as he could. 布拉格拼命逃窜。

Longstreet was besieging⁸ Knoxville. He escaped through the mountains to Lee's army in Virginia. 朗斯特里特正在包围诺克斯维尔，布拉格越过高山逃奔李将军在弗吉尼亚的军队。

1 creek   

n.小溪，小河，小湾

参考例句：

• He sprang through the creek.他跳过小河。
• People sunbathe in the nude on the rocks above the creek.人们在露出小溪的岩石上裸体晒日光浴。

2 retired   

adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的

参考例句：

• The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
• Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。

3 corps   

n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组

参考例句：

• The medical corps were cited for bravery in combat.医疗队由于在战场上的英勇表现而受嘉奖。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

4 assail   

v.猛烈攻击，抨击，痛斥

参考例句：

• The opposition's newspapers assail the government each day.反对党的报纸每天都对政府进行猛烈抨击。
• We should assist parents not assail them.因此我们应该帮助父母们，而不是指责他们。

5 lookout   

n.注意，前途，瞭望台

参考例句：

• You can see everything around from the lookout.从了望台上你可以看清周围的一切。
• It's a bad lookout for the company if interest rates don't come down.如果利率降不下来，公司的前景可就不妙了。

6 avenge   

v.为...复仇，为...报仇

参考例句：

• He swore to avenge himself on the mafia.他发誓说要向黑手党报仇。
• He will avenge the people on their oppressor.他将为人民向压迫者报仇。

7 slaughter   

n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀

参考例句：

• I couldn't stand to watch them slaughter the cattle.我不忍看他们宰牛。
• Wholesale slaughter was carried out in the name of progress.大规模的屠杀在维护进步的名义下进行。

8 besieging   

包围，围困，围攻( besiege的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• They constituted a near-insuperable obstacle to the besieging infantry. 它们就会形成围城步兵几乎不可逾越的障碍。
• He concentrated the sun's rays on the Roman ships besieging the city and burned them. 他把集中的阳光照到攻城的罗马船上，把它们焚毁。