【CET 12-24备战】之阅读技巧（四）

第四讲：判断词汇和短语的意义题（二）

命题规律 
 
　含有指示代词的句中，常有被考查词汇或短语。

 　具体环境中，具有指代上下文语义功能的词汇尤其是名词，常成为考查对象。

 　一词多义的常见词及词组易考
　有些词一词多义，要求能通过阅读，理解该词的确切含义。平时积累生词时，一定要把其在大纲规定范围内的所有词义都掌握才会胸有成竹。

　 对比处常考这类题目旨在考查考生能否从具有对比含义的上下文中猜测出某个单词的含义来。

 　复杂句常考
     复杂句由于其句子结构复杂，句子之间的指代关系复杂等特点，常可成为考查考生理解能力的一种手段。 

答题技巧 
 
利用被考词的修饰、限定成份判断其含义。这种修饰、限定成份的表现形式多样，可以是定语、其他修饰语、特殊标点符号(如冒号、破折号、引号)后面的内容、甚至该词下属的例子及定义，可以通过这些表达从侧面理解被考单词含义。

 定冠词the+被考词汇，前句有解。

 选项内容全面、概括性强的，一般是答案项。

课后作业

1.  In earlier grades, the use of so-called token¹ economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

Q:The phrase "token economies" probably refers to___.

 [A]ways to develop economy
 [B]systems of rewarding students
 [C]approaches to a solving problems
 [D]methods of improving performance

2.   The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail.Surprisingly,he found that errors were more likely when the referees² were close to the incident.When the official got it right,they were,on average,17 meters away from the action.

Q:The word "officials" most probably refers to ____.

 [A]the researchers involved in the experiment
 [B]the inspectors³ of the football tournament
 [C]the referees of the football tournament
 [D]the observers at the site of the experiment

3.   There are several factors that contribute to wisdom．Of these l should put first a sense of proportion：the capacity to take account Of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight．

Q:According to the author, "wisdom" is the ability to ____.

 [A]carefully consider the bad effects of any kind Of research work
 [B]give each important problem some careful consideration
 [C]acquire a great deal Of complex and special knowledge
 [D]give suitable consider action to all the possible dements in a problem
 
答案

1、A
2、D
3、D

1 token   

n.筹码，信物，纪念品，礼券；adj.象征性的

参考例句：

• This little gift is a token of our regard.这点礼物是我们大家的一点心意。
• Black is a token of mourning.黑色是沮丧的象征。

2 referees   

n.裁判员( referee的名词复数 )；证明人；公断人；（专业性强的文章的）审阅人

参考例句：

• The fiery player has had numerous run-ins with referees. 这位脾气暴躁的队员曾和裁判员发生过无数次争吵。
• If you want to appeal, the Court of Referees will decide. 如果你要上诉，可以由仲裁法庭去判决。 来自辞典例句

3 inspectors   

n.检查员( inspector的名词复数 )；（英国公共汽车或火车上的）查票员；（警察）巡官；检阅官

参考例句：

• They got into the school in the guise of inspectors. 他们假装成视察员进了学校。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Inspectors checked that there was adequate ventilation. 检查员已检查过，通风良好。 来自《简明英汉词典》