美国国家公共电台 NPR 为保美国就业特朗普冻结绿卡和工作签证

President Trump¹'s plans for a massive rally in Oklahoma last week were thwarted² in part byyoung people who secured tickets but never intended on showing up. Today, PresidentTrump looks for a do-over, this time in Arizona. And this time, he is talking to young people. He'll hold a couple of events for young voters and is expected to talk about the southern borderwall and a new executive order that restricts legal immigration and many types of work visas.

特朗普总统上周在俄克拉荷马州举行大规模集会的计划，在一定程度上遭到了年轻人的阻挠，因为他们拿到了门票但从未打算参加。今天，特朗普总统计划再来一次，这次的集会地点在亚利桑那州。今天他将和年轻人交谈。他将为年轻选民举行几场活动，预计他会谈论南部边境墙以及限制合法移民和多种工作签证的新行政令。

NPR White House correspondent Franco Ordo?ez joins us now. Franco, good morning. Arizonais not a state President Trump expected to have to campaign so hard in, right?

NPR新闻驻白宫记者弗朗科·奥德内兹将和我们连线。弗朗科，早上好。亚利桑那州并不是特朗普总统计划在竞选中如此努力的州，对吧？

FRANCO ORDO?EZ, BYLINE³: That's right. Hence likely why this is his third trip to the statethis year — just a sign of the importance the campaign has put on Arizona. He's going to talkthere about the border wall, primarily during a visit to Yuma, and keeping undocumentedmigrants out of the United States. He's also going to give a speech to an event in Phoenix⁴ withyoung supporters at a large crowd. This particularly is drawing some scrutiny⁵ after his rally onSaturday in Tulsa, given the concerns about spikes⁶ in coronavirus cases in Arizona. So thatissue may actually draw more attention than the immigration message.

弗朗科·奥德内兹连线：没错。因此，这很可能是他今年第三次来到这个州的原因，这表明他的竞选活动非常重视亚利桑那州。他将在该州谈论边境墙，这主要在他访问尤马期间进行，他还将谈到阻止非法移民进入美国的相关情况。他将在凤凰城举行的一场活动中面向大批年轻支持者发表讲话。他周六在塔尔萨举行集会之后，这一计划尤为引人关注，因为人们对亚利桑那州冠状病毒病例的激增担忧不已。因此，这个问题可能会比移民信息引起更多的关注。

MARTIN: OK, let's talk about immigration, in particular the executive order that thepresident signed yesterday, I believe it was. Who's affected⁷?

马丁：好，我们来谈谈移民问题，尤其是总统昨天签署的行政令，我想应该可以这样说。谁会受到影响？

ORDO?EZ: Well, the order freezes new immigration until the end of the year, extending ameasure the White House put in place in April. It also restricts new visas for temporaryworkers in a variety of sectors⁸, for tech companies, management positions and even for foreignstudents who provide child care as au pairs. The idea behind it is to respond to job lossescaused by the coronavirus pandemic and preserve jobs for Americans. It applies to newimmigrants and visa applications, not people who are already in the United States.

奥德内兹：这项行政令将冻结新移民申请直至今年年底，延长了白宫4月份实施的一项措施。同时限制不同行业临时工的新签证申请，这涉及科技公司、管理职位、甚至是提供儿童保育服务的外国互惠生。此举的目的是应对由冠状病毒疫情导致的失业，并为美国公民保留就业机会。这项行政令适用于新移民和签证申请，不影响已经在美国的移民。

MARTIN: OK. So how much difference will it make in terms of jobs?

马丁：好。这在就业方面会带来多大不同？

ORDO?EZ: The White House says that it will mean 525,000 jobs are protected for Americans, and it's being welcomed by people that want to see less immigration — for example, JessicaVaughan. She's the director of policy studies for the Center for Immigration Studies.

奥德内兹：白宫表示，这将为美国人腾出52.5万个工作岗位，这项举措受到了希望减少移民的人的欢迎，比如杰西卡·沃恩。她是移民研究中心的政策研究主任。

JESSICA VAUGHAN: The employers who formerly⁹ chose to hire visa workers instead of U.S. workers are going to have to change their recruiting practices and be looking more seriously atAmericans and legal immigrant workers who are already here.

杰西卡·沃恩：以前选择雇佣签证工作者而不是美国工作者的公司将不得不改变他们的招聘方式，更认真地看待美国人和已经在美国的合法移民工人。

ORDO?EZ: The White House has been under a lot of pressure from advocates like Jessica todo this.

奥德内兹：白宫一直饱受来自杰西卡这样的倡导者的压力，这些倡导者希望政府采取这种措施。

MARTIN: Although there are employers who will tell you that they don't have the kind ofskilled labor¹⁰ here in the U.S., which is why they go abroad, right? What about some of thecritiques of this?

马丁：不过有些公司会告诉你，美国没有技术工人，这就是他们出国工作的原因，对吧？这一举措招致的批评之声呢？

ORDO?EZ: Yeah, there's been a lot of critiques, even from people who use these foreignworkers for help so they can go to work. I talked to Dawn Gile, who heads a military spousenetwork. She's had four au pairs during the past 20 years while her husband's been on activeduty.

奥德内兹：对，有很多批评，就连借助这些外国工人的帮助使自已可以去工作的人都提出了批评。我采访了道恩·吉尔，她是一个军人配偶网络的负责人。过去20年她丈夫服役期间，她请了4个互惠生。

DAWN GILE: For me, I work full-time¹¹. I need flexible in-home child care that the au pairprogram provides. And by removing that, it's frustrating¹² for us and scary for us because wedon't know what we're going to do for child care, especially given the current situation with thecoronavirus pandemic and day cares being closed.

道恩·吉尔：我要全职工作。我需要互惠生计划提供的弹性居家照顾儿童服务。这被取消以后，我们又沮丧又害怕，因为我们不知道如何照顾儿童，尤其是考虑到目前的冠状病毒疫情，而且日托中心也已关闭。

ORDO?EZ: And you note the business groups — groups like the U.S. Chamber¹³ of Commerceand the National Association of Manufacturers — they say these visa suspensions will actuallyhurt economic recovery.

奥德内兹：美国商会和美国全国制造商协会等商业组织表示，这些签证的暂停实际上会损害经济复苏。

MARTIN: NPR White House correspondent Franco Ordoez, thank you.

马丁：以上是NPR新闻驻白宫记者弗朗科·奥德内兹带来的报道，谢谢你。

ORDO?EZ: Thank you.

奥德内兹：谢谢。

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 thwarted   

阻挠( thwart的过去式和过去分词 )； 使受挫折； 挫败； 横过

参考例句：

• The guards thwarted his attempt to escape from prison. 警卫阻扰了他越狱的企图。
• Our plans for a picnic were thwarted by the rain. 我们的野餐计划因雨受挫。

3 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

4 phoenix   

n.凤凰，长生(不死)鸟；引申为重生

参考例句：

• The airline rose like a phoenix from the ashes.这家航空公司又起死回生了。
• The phoenix worship of China is fetish worship not totem adoration.中国凤崇拜是灵物崇拜而非图腾崇拜。

5 scrutiny   

n.详细检查，仔细观察

参考例句：

• His work looks all right,but it will not bear scrutiny.他的工作似乎很好，但是经不起仔细检查。
• Few wives in their forties can weather such a scrutiny.很少年过四十的妻子经得起这么仔细的观察。

6 spikes   

n.穗( spike的名词复数 )；跑鞋；（防滑）鞋钉；尖状物v.加烈酒于( spike的第三人称单数 )；偷偷地给某人的饮料加入（更多）酒精（ 或药物）；把尖状物钉入；打乱某人的计划

参考例句：

• a row of iron spikes on a wall 墙头的一排尖铁
• There is a row of spikes on top of the prison wall to prevent the prisoners escaping. 监狱墙头装有一排尖钉，以防犯人逃跑。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

8 sectors   

n.部门( sector的名词复数 )；领域；防御地区；扇形

参考例句：

• Berlin was divided into four sectors after the war. 战后柏林分成了4 个区。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Industry and agriculture are the two important sectors of the national economy. 工业和农业是国民经济的两个重要部门。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

9 formerly   

adv.从前，以前

参考例句：

• We now enjoy these comforts of which formerly we had only heard.我们现在享受到了过去只是听说过的那些舒适条件。
• This boat was formerly used on the rivers of China.这船从前航行在中国内河里。

10 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

11 full-time   

adj.满工作日的或工作周的，全时间的

参考例句：

• A full-time job may be too much for her.全天工作她恐怕吃不消。
• I don't know how she copes with looking after her family and doing a full-time job.既要照顾家庭又要全天工作，我不知道她是如何对付的。

12 frustrating   

adj.产生挫折的，使人沮丧的，令人泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的现在分词 )；挫败；使受挫折；令人沮丧

参考例句：

• It's frustrating to have to wait so long. 要等这么长时间，真令人懊恼。
• It was a demeaning and ultimately frustrating experience. 那是一次有失颜面并且令人沮丧至极的经历。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 chamber   

n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所

参考例句：

• For many,the dentist's surgery remains a torture chamber.对许多人来说，牙医的治疗室一直是间受刑室。
• The chamber was ablaze with light.会议厅里灯火辉煌。