新闻周刊:特朗普是如何打出(白人)种族牌并重塑民主党的(10)

Democrats¹ of late are talking about the political bounty² of the rapidly changing Sun Belt, but critics note that such a strategy is risky³; Obama lost Arizona and Georgia twice and won North Carolina just once, in 2008. Clinton lost all three in 2016. Meanwhile, Republicans are always eager to use the left’s -so-called identity politics against them. Like gender-free bathrooms, the issue of reparations is guaranteed to inflame⁴ not only conservatives but also white identifiers, who already -resent their perceived loss of power. In 2014, a YouGov poll found that half of white Americans believe that slavery is “not a factor at all” in the lower average wealth of blacks; just 6 percent support cash payments to the descendants of slaves.

最近，民主党人在谈论快速变化的太阳地带附加的政治好处，但批评人士指出，这样的策略是有风险的；2008年，奥巴马在亚利桑那州和佐治亚州两度失利，在北卡罗来纳州只赢了一次。克林顿在2016年输掉了这三场比赛。与此同时，共和党人总是急于利用左派所谓的身份政治来对付他们。与不分性别的卫生间一样，赔款问题肯定不仅会激怒保守派，还会激怒白人标识符，他们已经对自己失去权力感到愤怒。2014年，舆观调查网的一项民意调查发现，一半的美国白人认为奴隶制“根本不是”黑人平均财富较低的一个因素；只有6%的人支持向奴隶后代支付现金。

“I want them to talk about racism⁵ every day,” former Trump⁶ strategist Steve Bannon told The American Prospect⁷ of Democrats in 2017. “If the left is focused on race and identity, and we go with economic nationalism, we can crush the Democrats.”

“我想让他们每天谈论种族主义，”前特朗普策略师史蒂夫·班农对美国民主党人在2017年的前景发表了看法。“如果左派专注于种族和身份，而我们支持经济民族主义，我们就能击溃民主党。”

Of course, the choices aren’t mutually exclusive. Trump is also playing to race and identity in a country that, in part thanks to his chosen role as channeler of white male rage, looks more divided by those exact things. According to a new poll from the Public Religion Research Institute and The Atlantic, members of both political parties do see diversity very differently.

当然，这些选择并不相互排斥。特朗普还在这个国家扮演种族和身份的角色。在一定程度上，由于他选择的角色是白人男性愤怒的传播者，这个国家似乎更容易被这些事情分裂。根据公共宗教研究所和大西洋月刊的一项最新民意调查，两党成员对多样性的看法确实大不相同。

Respondents were asked to place themselves on a scale measuring their support of racial and ethnic⁸ diversity in the United States. The lowest percentages of Americans from either party agreed with the phrase “I would prefer the U.S. to be a nation primarily made up of people from Western European heritage.” But while 65 percent of Democrats agreed with the phrase “I would prefer the U.S. to be a nation made up of people from all over the world,” only 29 percent of Republicans felt that way. Instead, about 56 percent of Republicans placed themselves between those two options. Whites were the least likely group to want diversity, with 44 percent preferring the U.S. to be made up of “people from all over the world.” Another 42 percent said they wanted something in the middle.

受访者被要求用一个量表来衡量他们对美国种族和民族多样性的支持程度。两党中支持率最低的美国人同意这句话:“我更愿意美国成为一个主要由西欧血统的人组成的国家，” 只有29%的共和党人这样认为。相反，大约56%的共和党人将自己置于这两种选择之间。白人是最不希望多元化的群体，44%的人更喜欢美国由“来自世界各地的人”组成。另外42%的人说他们想要介于两者之间的东西。

As both parties head into the 2020 campaign, the outcome of the election will reveal which worldview is most American.

随着两党进入2020年的竞选，选举结果将揭示哪种世界观最具美国特色。

1 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 bounty   

n.慷慨的赠予物，奖金；慷慨，大方；施与

参考例句：

• He is famous for his bounty to the poor.他因对穷人慷慨相助而出名。
• We received a bounty from the government.我们收到政府给予的一笔补助金。

3 risky   

adj.有风险的，冒险的

参考例句：

• It may be risky but we will chance it anyhow.这可能有危险，但我们无论如何要冒一冒险。
• He is well aware how risky this investment is.他心里对这项投资的风险十分清楚。

4 inflame   

v.使燃烧；使极度激动；使发炎

参考例句：

• Our lack of response seemed to inflame the colonel.由于我们没有反应,好象惹恼了那个上校。
• Chemical agents manufactured by our immune system inflame our cells and tissues,causing our nose to run and our throat to swell.我们的免疫系统产生的化学物质导致我们的细胞和组织发炎，导致我们流鼻水和我们的喉咙膨胀。

5 racism   

n.民族主义；种族歧视(意识)

参考例句：

• He said that racism is endemic in this country.他说种族主义在该国很普遍。
• Racism causes political instability and violence.种族主义道致政治动荡和暴力事件。

6 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

7 prospect   

n.前景，前途；景色，视野

参考例句：

• This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect.事态呈现出可喜的前景。
• The prospect became more evident.前景变得更加明朗了。

8 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。