新闻周刊:非洲第一个超级大国的到来比你想象的要快(7)

Nigeria also has a booming arts and entertainment industry, which is a source of both export earnings¹ and pride. Nigeria has produced an astounding² number of first-rate novelists, including Nobel Prize winner Wole Soyinka, Chinua Achebe—whose Things Fall Apart has been translated into 57 languages—Biyi Bandele and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie.

尼日利亚还有蓬勃发展的艺术和娱乐产业，这是出口收入和自豪感的来源。尼日利亚培养了数量惊人的一流小说家，其中包括诺贝尔奖得主沃尔·索因卡、奇努阿·阿切贝（他的《瓦解》已被翻译成57种语言），还有奇玛曼达·恩戈齐·阿迪奇埃（其小说《半个黄色太阳》由Biyi Bandele执导改编为同名电影）。

The Nigerian film and television industry, or Nollywood, is reckoned to be the second or third largest in the world, after Hollywood and India's Bollywood. It produces around 50 movies each week, in every genre³. Nigerian movies are shown in homes, movie theaters and video parlors⁴ throughout the country, as well as across Africa and the far-flung Nigerian diaspora. They are consumed by all levels of society, from those wealthy enough to have satellite dishes to those who flock to "community viewing centers"—in essence, mini-theaters using flat-screen TVs. TV stations in many African countries buy Nigerian programming. It's common to encounter Nigerian soaps and sitcoms⁵ on TVs in cafés and bars across the continent, even in francophone countries. Vendors⁶ walk the streets of Sierra Leone's Freetown wearing plastic ponchos⁷ containing Nigerian DVDs, often pirated.

尼莱坞被认为是世界第二大或第三大影视产业，仅次于好莱坞和印度的宝莱坞。尼莱坞每周制作大约50部不同类型的电影。尼日利亚电影在全国各地的家庭、电影院和录影厅放映，也在非洲各地和遥远的尼日利亚侨民中放映。它们被社会各阶层消费，从那些拥有卫星电视的富人到那些涌向“社区观看中心”的人——本质上就是使用平板电视的迷你影院。许多非洲国家的电视台购买尼日利亚的节目。在非洲大陆各地的咖啡馆和酒吧，甚至在讲法语的国家，人们都能在电视上看到尼日利亚肥皂剧和情景喜剧。在塞拉利昂的弗里敦，小贩们穿着塑料斗篷走在街道上，斗篷里装着尼日利亚的DVD光盘，通常是盗版的。

Most are hastily shot and low-budget—some by what actor and director Ali Nuhu calls "roadside filmmakers." But Nigeria also has an upmarket segment. The film Lionheart was entered this year for an Oscar for best foreign film, before being disqualified for having too much English dialogue. The irony⁸, of course, is that Nigerians speak English.

大多数都是仓促拍摄的低成本电影——有些是由演员兼导演阿里·努胡所说的“路人”拍摄的。但尼日利亚也有高端市场。电影《狮心女孩》曾在今年入围奥斯卡最佳外语片奖，但因英文对白过多而被取消资格。当然，讽刺的是，尼日利亚人说英语。

The Nigerian arts industry has been so dominant⁹ that artists in other African nations have paid it the ultimate compliment: complaining about "Nigeriazation." Nollywood is important as a source of jobs and export earnings, but even more than that, it is a reminder¹⁰ to Nigerians of what they can do when they set their minds to it.

尼日利亚的艺术产业一直占据着主导地位，以至于其他非洲国家的艺术家们对它大加赞赏：抱怨“尼日利亚化”。尼莱坞是就业和出口收入的重要来源，但更重要的是，它提醒尼日利亚人，当他们下定决心时，他们可以做什么。

Entrepreneurs Everywhere

企业家无处不在

But there's even more in the plus column. Oil, movies and the diaspora are well established. However, the future belongs to companies that aren't even on the radar¹¹ yet. Nigeria has a robust¹² and vibrant¹³ entrepreneurial ecosystem¹⁴. Yaba, in Lagos, is Nigeria's Silicon¹⁵ Valley. It has attracted support from international technopreneurs like Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg. Nigeria is particularly strong in fintech and telecoms. And the high-tech¹⁶ explosion is not just in Lagos. Amal Hassan has built Outsource Global Technologies into a world-class organization that provides outsourced call center operations. Her company is located in the North, in Abuja and Kaduna.

但是还在增加。石油、电影和移民已经很成熟了。然而，未来属于那些甚至还没有出现的公司。尼日利亚有一个强大而充满活力的创业生态系统。拉各斯的Yaba相当于尼日利亚的硅谷。它吸引了像Facebook的马克·扎克伯格这样的国际技术创业家的支持。尼日利亚在金融科技和电信方面尤其强大。高科技的爆炸不仅仅发生在拉各斯。阿玛尔·哈桑已经将全球外包技术发展成为提供外包呼叫中心运营的世界级组织。她的公司位于北部的阿布贾和卡杜纳。

1 earnings   

n.工资收人；利润，利益，所得

参考例句：

• That old man lives on the earnings of his daughter.那个老人靠他女儿的收入维持生活。
• Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.去年他的收入减少了20%。

2 astounding   

adj.使人震惊的vt.使震惊，使大吃一惊astound的现在分词)

参考例句：

• There was an astounding 20% increase in sales. 销售量惊人地增加了20%。
• The Chairman's remarks were so astounding that the audience listened to him with bated breath. 主席说的话令人吃惊，所以听众都屏息听他说。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 genre   

n.(文学、艺术等的)类型，体裁，风格

参考例句：

• My favorite music genre is blues.我最喜欢的音乐种类是布鲁斯音乐。
• Superficially,this Shakespeare's work seems to fit into the same genre.从表面上看， 莎士比亚的这个剧本似乎属于同一类型。

4 parlors   

客厅( parlor的名词复数 )； 起居室； （旅馆中的）休息室； （通常用来构成合成词）店

参考例句：

• It had been a firm specializing in funeral parlors and parking lots. 它曾经是一个专门经营殡仪馆和停车场的公司。
• I walked, my eyes focused into the endless succession of barbershops, beauty parlors, confectioneries. 我走着，眼睛注视着那看不到头的、鳞次栉比的理发店、美容院、糖果店。

5 sitcoms   

n.情景喜剧( sitcom的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• This is the stuff most stadard TV sitcoms are made of. 这是大多数标注的电视幽默剧所采用的题材。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• In most countries, prime-time Monday night television is dominated by sitcoms. 在大多数国家，周一晚上的电视黄金时段都由连续剧所占据。 来自互联网

6 vendors   

n.摊贩( vendor的名词复数 )；小贩；（房屋等的）卖主；卖方

参考例句：

• The vendors were gazundered at the last minute. 卖主在最后一刻被要求降低房价。
• At the same time, interface standards also benefIt'software vendors. 同时，界面标准也有利于软件开发商。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

7 ponchos   

n.斗篷( poncho的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The men cast off their packs, withdrew their ponchos and set up their pup tents again. 大家扔下了背包，取出了雨披，把小帐篷重又架了起来。 来自辞典例句

8 irony   

n.反语，冷嘲；具有讽刺意味的事，嘲弄

参考例句：

• She said to him with slight irony.她略带嘲讽地对他说。
• In her voice we could sense a certain tinge of irony.从她的声音里我们可以感到某种讥讽的意味。

9 dominant   

adj.支配的，统治的；占优势的；显性的；n.主因，要素，主要的人(或物)；显性基因

参考例句：

• The British were formerly dominant in India.英国人从前统治印度。
• She was a dominant figure in the French film industry.她在法国电影界是个举足轻重的人物。

10 reminder   

n.提醒物，纪念品；暗示，提示

参考例句：

• I have had another reminder from the library.我又收到图书馆的催还单。
• It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent.总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知，她才付应该交的房租。

11 radar   

n.雷达，无线电探测器

参考例句：

• They are following the flight of an aircraft by radar.他们正在用雷达追踪一架飞机的飞行。
• Enemy ships were detected on the radar.敌舰的影像已显现在雷达上。

12 robust   

adj.强壮的，强健的，粗野的，需要体力的，浓的

参考例句：

• She is too tall and robust.她个子太高，身体太壮。
• China wants to keep growth robust to reduce poverty and avoid job losses,AP commented.美联社评论道，中国希望保持经济强势增长，以减少贫困和失业状况。

13 vibrant   

adj.震颤的，响亮的，充满活力的，精力充沛的，(色彩)鲜明的

参考例句：

• He always uses vibrant colours in his paintings. 他在画中总是使用鲜明的色彩。
• She gave a vibrant performance in the leading role in the school play.她在学校表演中生气盎然地扮演了主角。

14 ecosystem   

n.生态系统

参考例句：

• This destroyed the ecosystem of the island.这样破坏了岛上的生态系统。
• We all have an interest in maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem.维持生态系统的完整是我们共同的利益。

15 silicon   

n.硅(旧名矽)

参考例句：

• This company pioneered the use of silicon chip.这家公司开创了使用硅片的方法。
• A chip is a piece of silicon about the size of a postage stamp.芯片就是一枚邮票大小的硅片。

16 high-tech   

adj.高科技的

参考例句：

• The economy is in the upswing which makes high-tech services in more demand too.经济在蓬勃发展，这就使对高科技服务的需求量也在加大。
• The quest of a cure for disease with high-tech has never ceased. 人们希望运用高科技治疗疾病的追求从未停止过。