美国学生历史 第32期:驱除法国人(4)

 　　98. Fort Duquesne. 98．杜坤要塞

　　Instead of heeding¹ Dinwiddie's warning, the French set to work to build Fort Duquesne at the spot where the Alleghany and Monongahela join to form the Ohio,-on the site of the present day city of Pittsburg. 法国人没有理会丁威迪的警告， 而是着手从阿勒格尼和孟农加希拉汇聚到俄亥俄的地方构筑杜 坤要塞（这个地方就是现在匹兹堡市的位置）。

　　Dinwiddie therefore sent Washington with a small force of soldiers to drive them away. 因此， 丁威迪派华盛顿带领一小队武装士兵去驱赶他们，

　　But the French were too strong for Washington. 但对于华盛顿这帮人而言，这些法国人太强大了，

　　They besieged² him in Fort Necessity and compelled him to surrender (July 4, 1754). 他们将华盛顿包围在纳西西提要塞中，并迫使他投降（ 1754年7月4日）。

　　99. Braddock's Defeat, 1755. 99．布雷多克的失败（1755年）

　　The English government now sent General Braddock with a small army of regular soldiers to Virginia. 现在， 英国政府派布雷多克将军带领一支训练有素的军队前往弗吉尼亚。

　　Slowly and painfully Braddock marched westward³. 布雷多克带领军队缓慢而费力地向西方远征。

　　Learning of his approach, the French and Indians left Fort Duquesne to draw him into ambush⁴. 得知布雷多克到来， 法国人和印第安人离开要塞想将他引入埋伏圈，

　　But the two forces came together before either party was prepared for battle. 但是， 两军还没来得及准备战斗就撞个正着，

　　For some time the contest was even, then the regulars broke and fled. 开始时两军的争夺并不激烈，后来英军大乱并四散奔逃，

　　Braddock was fatally wounded. 布雷多克本人则受到致命一击。

　　With great skill, Washington saved the survivors,-but not until four shots had pierced his coat and only thirty of his three companies of Virginians were left alive. 华盛顿非常机智地解救了幸存者，但是，他身中四枪， 从弗吉尼亚带来的三队士兵只有三十人幸存。

　　100. The War to 1759. 100．持续到1759年的战争

　　All the earlier French and Indian wars had begun in Europe and had spread to America. 早期法国人和印第安人的联合战争 都发生在欧洲，然后蔓延到美洲，

　　This war began in America and soon spread to Europe. 这场战争始于美洲并很快蔓延到欧洲。

　　At first affairs went very ill. 战争伊始， 各项战事陷入困境，

　　But in 1757 William Pitt became the British war minister, and the war began to be waged with vigor⁵ and success. 但是，1757年威廉o皮特担任战争大臣， 战争得到有力支持并取得胜利。

　　The old generals were called home, and new men placed in command. 老将军们被请回家， 新人们被托付要职。

　　In 1758 Amherst and Wolfe captured Louisburg, and Forbes, greatly aided by Washington, seized Fort Duquesne. 1758年，阿姆斯特和沃尔夫夺取路易斯堡 ，福布斯在华盛顿的大力协助下攻陷杜坤要塞；

　　Bradstreet captured Fort Frontenac, on Lake Ontario. 布莱斯垂特夺取安大略湖附近的富然特纳克。

　　There was only one bad failure, that of Abercrombie at Ticonderoga. 只有一次败仗， 那就是艾伯克友比在提康德罗加战败，

　　But the next year Amherst captured Ticonderoga and Crown Point and opened the way to Canada by Lake Champlain. 但是， 第二年阿姆斯特夺取提康德罗加和克朗波因特， 打开了由尚普兰湖通往加拿大的大门。

1 heeding   

v.听某人的劝告，听从( heed的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• This come of heeding people who say one thing and mean another! 有些人嘴里一回事，心里又是一回事，今天这个下场都是听信了这种人的话的结果。 来自辞典例句
• Her dwarfish spouse still smoked his cigar and drank his rum without heeding her. 她那矮老公还在吸他的雪茄，喝他的蔗酒，睬也不睬她。 来自辞典例句

2 besieged   

包围，围困，围攻( besiege的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Paris was besieged for four months and forced to surrender. 巴黎被围困了四个月后被迫投降。
• The community besieged the newspaper with letters about its recent editorial. 公众纷纷来信对报社新近发表的社论提出诘问，弄得报社应接不暇。

3 westward   

n.西方，西部；adj.西方的，向西的；adv.向西

参考例句：

• We live on the westward slope of the hill.我们住在这座山的西山坡。
• Explore westward or wherever.向西或到什么别的地方去勘探。

4 ambush   

n.埋伏(地点)；伏兵；v.埋伏；伏击

参考例句：

• Our soldiers lay in ambush in the jungle for the enemy.我方战士埋伏在丛林中等待敌人。
• Four men led by a sergeant lay in ambush at the crossroads.由一名中士率领的四名士兵埋伏在十字路口。

5 vigor   

n.活力，精力，元气

参考例句：

• The choir sang the words out with great vigor.合唱团以极大的热情唱出了歌词。
• She didn't want to be reminded of her beauty or her former vigor.现在，她不愿人们提起她昔日的美丽和以前的精力充沛。