2020年CRI 美国政府遭遇严重网络攻击 美加开始接种疫苗

The US government has confirmed that its computer networks had been hit by a cyberattack.

The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure¹ Security Agency says it's working to identify and mitigate² any potential compromises.

The Washington Post earlier reported that at least two departments including the Treasury³ have been targeted.

It suggested the hacks⁴ were linked to an attack last week on cybersecurity firm FireEye, which claimed attackers stole tools used to test customers' computer systems.

FireEye said it suspected the attack was state-sponsored.

A gunman has died after being shot by police outside a landmark⁵ New York City cathedral.

The man began firing at the end of a Christmas choral concert at the Cathedral Church of Saint John the Divine.

Local reports say he appeared to be emotionally disturbed and "shot a gun indiscriminately in the air."

He was shot by police in the head and later died in hospital.

No other injuries were reported in the incident.

The cathedral is one of the world's largest.

Construction began in 1892 and is still incomplete.

Brazil's Supreme⁶ Court has given Health Minister Eduardo Pazuello 48 hours to fix the starting date for a national vaccination⁷ program to fight the world's second-deadliest outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic.

Brazil published its vaccination plan Saturday without providing details.

The plan sets an initial goal of vaccinating⁸ 51 million people, or one-fourth of the population, in the first half of 2021. And the optimal⁹ target, according to the plan, is to vaccinate¹⁰ more than 70 percent of the population.

The first deliveries of COVID-19 vaccines¹² have arrived in Canada with the first shots in the country expected as soon as Monday.

Canada and the United States are set to become the first Western nations after the UK to begin inoculations with the vaccine¹¹ developed by Pfizer and Germany's BioNTech.

The initial 30,000 doses will go to 14 sites around Canada.

The most vulnerable people, including the elderly in long-term care facilities and healthcare workers, will be first in line for shots.

US hospitals are to start providing the first shots on Monday, but it will take months before most Americans can get a COVID-19 vaccine.

Healthcare workers and elderly residents at care homes are first in line to receive the inoculations of a two-dose regimen.

The government plans to have more than 100 million people, or about 30 percent of the US population, immunized by March.

Meantime, the number of COVID-19 deaths in the US is currently approaching 300,000, with more than 2,400 lives lost a day.

All 27 European Union countries are expected to start the COVID-19 vaccination programme on the same day once the vaccines have been approved.

Italian special commissioner¹³ for the coronavirus Domenico Arcuri dismissed suggestions that some member states may start the campaign before others.

"There will be, and we are hoping for, a symbolic¹⁴ day, when the vaccinations¹⁵ will begin all over Europe. The idea that one European country could begin before another is far from the spectrum¹⁶ of information we have."

He says Italy's first phase of vaccinations is expected to start in mid-January with 1.8 million health care workers and residents and staff in nursing homes.

Italy will set up about 300 pavilions in town squares and other public areas where people will receive the shots.

Bahrain has officially approved the registration¹⁷ of a COVID-19 vaccine developed by the China National Pharmaceutical¹⁸ Group, or Sinopharm.

Local reports say the country's National Health Regulatory Authority made the decision after thorough review and evaluation¹⁹ of the clinical trials data.

Results from Phase III clinical trials showed an 86 percent efficacy rate, and 100 percent effectiveness in preventing moderate and severe cases of COVID-19.

The tests in Bahrain started in August and have involved over 42,000 volunteers.

The country authorized²⁰ the emergency use of the Chinese vaccine in November to cover frontline professionals in contact with COVID-19 patients.

1 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

2 mitigate   

vt.（使）减轻，（使）缓和

参考例句：

• The government is trying to mitigate the effects of inflation.政府正试图缓和通货膨胀的影响。
• Governments should endeavour to mitigate distress.政府应努力缓解贫困问题。

3 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

4 hacks   

黑客

参考例句：

• But there are hacks who take advantage of people like Teddy. 但有些无赖会占类似泰迪的人的便宜。 来自电影对白
• I want those two hacks back here, right now. 我要那两个雇工回到这儿，现在就回。 来自互联网

5 landmark   

n.陆标，划时代的事，地界标

参考例句：

• The Russian Revolution represents a landmark in world history.俄国革命是世界历史上的一个里程碑。
• The tower was once a landmark for ships.这座塔曾是船只的陆标。

6 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

7 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

8 vaccinating   

给…接种疫苗( vaccinate的现在分词 )； 注射疫苗，接种疫苗

参考例句：

• At first blush, vaccinating the wolves against rabies seems a simple solution. 乍一看来，为狼群注射防狂犬病疫苗是一种简单的办法。
• Also vaccinating children against misers (measles) has saved many lives. 还有，给儿童进行疫苗接种防止麻疹也挽救了许多生命。

9 optimal   

adj.最适宜的；最理想的；最令人满意的

参考例句：

• What is the optimal mix of private and public property rights in natural resources?私人和国家的自然资源产权的最适宜的组合是什么？
• Optimal path planning is a key link for the sailing contest.帆船最优行驶路径规划是帆船比赛取胜的关键环节。

10 vaccinate   

vt.给…接种疫苗；种牛痘

参考例句：

• Local health officials then can plan the best times to vaccinate people.这样，当地的卫生官员就可以安排最佳时间给人们接种疫苗。
• Doctors vaccinate us so that we do not catch smallpox.医生给我们打预防针使我们不会得天花。

11 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

12 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

13 commissioner   

n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员

参考例句：

• The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
• He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。

14 symbolic   

adj.象征性的，符号的，象征主义的

参考例句：

• It is symbolic of the fighting spirit of modern womanhood.它象征着现代妇女的战斗精神。
• The Christian ceremony of baptism is a symbolic act.基督教的洗礼仪式是一种象征性的做法。

15 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 spectrum   

n.谱，光谱，频谱；范围，幅度，系列

参考例句：

• This is a kind of atomic spectrum.这是一种原子光谱。
• We have known much of the constitution of the solar spectrum.关于太阳光谱的构成，我们已了解不少。

17 registration   

n.登记，注册，挂号

参考例句：

• Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。
• What's your registration number?你挂的是几号？

18 pharmaceutical   

adj.药学的，药物的；药用的，药剂师的

参考例句：

• She has donated money to establish a pharmaceutical laboratory.她捐款成立了一个药剂实验室。
• We are engaged in a legal tussle with a large pharmaceutical company.我们正同一家大制药公司闹法律纠纷。

19 evaluation   

n.估价，评价；赋值

参考例句：

• I attempted an honest evaluation of my own life.我试图如实地评价我自己的一生。
• The new scheme is still under evaluation.新方案还在评估阶段。

20 authorized   

a.委任的，许可的

参考例句：

• An administrative order is valid if authorized by a statute.如果一个行政命令得到一个法规的认可那么这个命令就是有效的。