新闻周刊:俄罗斯对美国的冷战战略(1)

Russia Is Using Cold War Strategy to Undermine the Faith of Americans in the 2020 Election—Will It Work?

俄罗斯正在利用冷战战略来破坏美国人对2020年大选的信心——这会奏效吗?

BY ADAM PIORE

作者：亚当·皮奥里

Three events occurring in rapid succession on October 7, 2016, stand out in Robby Mook's memory.

2016年10月7日接连发生的三件事，在罗比·穆克的记忆中留下了深刻的印象。

The first came at about 3:30 pm. The Obama Administration issued a statement that publicly blamed Russia for hacking¹ the Democratic National Committee and orchestrating the release of the thousands of emails roiling² the Democratic Party, which, it said, were "intended to interfere³ with the US election process." In the day's crazy news cycle, that highly-unusual announcement never had a chance.

第一件事发生在下午3:30左右。奥巴马政府发表声明，公开指责俄罗斯入侵民主党全国委员会，并策划发布了数千封搅乱民主党的电子邮件。奥巴马政府表示，这些邮件“旨在干预美国选举进程”。 在当天疯狂的新闻周期中，这一极不寻常的声明没有机会发出来。

At 4 pm, The Washington Post unveiled the infamous⁴ Access Hollywood Tape, on which then-candidate Donald Trump⁵ was recorded boasting about his own sexual harassment⁶ of women. "When you're a star, they let you do it. You can do anything. Grab 'em by the pussy⁷. You can do anything."

下午4点，《华盛顿邮报》公布了臭名昭著的《走进好莱坞》视频，视频中，当时的总统候选人唐纳德·特朗普吹嘘自己对女性的性骚扰。“当你成为明星时，他们会让你这么做。你可以做任何事。触碰私密部位。你可以为所欲为。”

Within the hour, yet another media bomb dropped. Wikileaks released another trove⁸ of emails—the first 20,000 pages of 50,000 hacked⁹ emails stolen from the account of Hillary Clinton's Campaign Chairman John Podesta.

不到一个小时，又一枚媒体炸弹爆炸了。维基解密公布了另一批电子邮件——从希拉里·克林顿竞选团队主席约翰·波德斯塔的账户中窃取的5万封邮件中的头2万页。

"It was so clear what was happening," recalls Mook, who at the time was a 35-year-old political operative running the Clinton campaign. In time, reporters would dig out old transcripts¹⁰ of paid speeches to Wall Street banks, controversial comments about Catholic voters and other documents that turned out to be damaging to the Clinton campaign. U.S. intelligence has since linked the Podesta trove to the Russian military.

“当时的情况非常清楚，”穆克回忆说，当时他35岁，是克林顿竞选团队的政治人物。随着时间的推移，记者们会挖出华尔街银行有偿演讲的旧文本，对天主教选民的有争议的评论，以及其他后来被证明对克林顿竞选有害的文件。此后，美国情报部门将Podesta秘密邮件与俄罗斯军方联系在一起。

Three years later, as the U.S. gears up for a new presidential election, Mook and other experts expect the Russians to strike again. They'll continue using their modern version of "agitprop" (a mashup of agitation¹¹ and propaganda) that KGB officers—including a young recruit posing as a translator in Dresden, East Germany named Vladimir Putin—perfected during the Cold War.

三年后，随着美国为新的总统选举做准备，穆克和其他专家预计俄罗斯将再次发动袭击。他们将继续使用现代版的“煽动道具”(鼓动和宣传的混合体)，克格勃官员——包括一名在东德德累斯顿假扮翻译的年轻新兵弗拉基米尔?普京——在冷战期间完善了这种道具。

The overall intent of the Russians, most intelligence officials and Russia experts agree, has always been to "to spin us up, pit us against each other, sow divisiveness and discord¹², undermine Americans' faith in democracy," in the words of FBI Director Christopher Wray. Or as Richard Clarke, a former member of the State Department and the National Security Council and a seasoned Cold Warrior¹³, puts it: what the Russians really want is for "the American people to give up on our system."

大多数情报官员和俄罗斯专家一致认为，俄罗斯人的总体意图一直是“分裂我们，让我们彼此对立，播下分裂和不和的种子，破坏美国人对民主的信念，”美国联邦调查局局长克里斯托弗·雷说。或者正如前国务院和国家安全委员会成员、经验丰富的冷战斗士理查德克拉克所说：俄罗斯真正想要的是“美国人民放弃现有系统”。

1 hacking   

n.非法访问计算机系统和数据库的活动

参考例句：

• The patient with emphysema is hacking all day. 这个肺气肿病人整天不断地干咳。
• We undertook the task of hacking our way through the jungle. 我们负责在丛林中开路。

2 roiling   

v.搅混（液体）( roil的现在分词 )；使烦恼；使不安；使生气

参考例句：

• Now, all that could be seen was the roiling, lead--coloured sea, with its thunderously heaving waves. 狂风挟着暴雨如同弥漫大雾，排挞呼号，在海上恣意奔驶。 来自汉英文学 - 现代散文
• Rather, it is a roiling, seething cauldron of evanescent particles. 相反，它是一个不断翻滚、剧烈沸腾的大锅，内有逐渐消失的粒子。 来自互联网

3 interfere   

v.(in)干涉，干预；(with)妨碍，打扰

参考例句：

• If we interfere, it may do more harm than good.如果我们干预的话，可能弊多利少。
• When others interfere in the affair,it always makes troubles. 别人一卷入这一事件，棘手的事情就来了。

4 infamous   

adj.声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的，邪恶的

参考例句：

• He was infamous for his anti-feminist attitudes.他因反对女性主义而声名狼藉。
• I was shocked by her infamous behaviour.她的无耻行径令我震惊。

5 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

6 harassment   

n.骚扰，扰乱，烦恼，烦乱

参考例句：

• She often got telephone harassment at night these days.这些天她经常在夜晚受到电话骚扰。
• The company prohibits any form of harassment.公司禁止任何形式的骚扰行为。

7 pussy   

n.(儿语)小猫，猫咪

参考例句：

• Why can't they leave my pussy alone?为什么他们就不能离我小猫咪远一点？
• The baby was playing with his pussy.孩子正和他的猫嬉戏。

8 trove   

n.被发现的东西，收藏的东西

参考例句：

• He assembled a rich trove of Chinese porcelain.他收集了一批中国瓷器。
• The gallery is a treasure trove of medieval art.这个画廊是中世纪艺术的宝库。

9 hacked   

生气

参考例句：

• I hacked the dead branches off. 我把枯树枝砍掉了。
• I'm really hacked off. 我真是很恼火。

10 transcripts   

n.抄本（ transcript的名词复数 ）；转写本；文字本；副本

参考例句：

• Like mRNA, both tRNA and rRNA are transcripts of chromosomal DNA. tRNA及rRNA同mRNA一样，都是染色体DNA的转录产物。 来自辞典例句
• You can't take the transfer students'exam without your transcripts. 没有成绩证明书，你就不能参加转学考试。 来自辞典例句

11 agitation   

n.搅动；搅拌；鼓动，煽动

参考例句：

• Small shopkeepers carried on a long agitation against the big department stores.小店主们长期以来一直在煽动人们反对大型百货商店。
• These materials require constant agitation to keep them in suspension.这些药剂要经常搅动以保持悬浮状态。

12 discord   

n.不和，意见不合，争论，（音乐）不和谐

参考例句：

• These two answers are in discord.这两个答案不一样。
• The discord of his music was hard on the ear.他演奏的不和谐音很刺耳。

13 warrior   

n.勇士，武士，斗士

参考例句：

• The young man is a bold warrior.这个年轻人是个很英勇的武士。
• A true warrior values glory and honor above life.一个真正的勇士珍视荣誉胜过生命。