美国学生历史 第53期:独立(2)

 　　160.The Cowpens, 1781. 160．卡平斯（1781年）

　　General Greene was now sent to the South to take charge of the resistance to Cornwallis. 此时，格林将军被派往南部地区负责抗击康沃利斯的战斗，

　　A great soldier and a great organizer Greene found that he needed all his abilities. 格林既是一名伟大的战士，也是一名伟大的指挥官，他觉得自己要全力以赴。

　　His coming gave new spirit to the survivors¹ of Gates's army. 他的到来让盖茨军队的幸存者精神一振。

　　He gathered militia² from all directions and marched toward Cornwallis. 格林将来自各地的义勇军集合起来向康沃利斯进军，

　　Dividing his army into two parts, he sent General Daniel Morgan to threaten Cornwallis from one direction, while he threatened him from another direction. 他将部队分为两个部分，派丹尼尔·摩根将军从一个方向去威胁康沃利斯，他则从另一个方向直逼康沃利斯。

　　Cornwallis at once became uneasy and sent Tarleton to drive Morgan away, but the hero of many hard-fought battles was not easily frightened. 康沃利斯马上感到不妙，他派塔里顿去驱除摩根，但身经百战的摩根并没有被轻易吓倒，

　　He drew up his little force so skillfully that in a very few minutes the British were nearly all killed or captured. 他非常巧妙地排兵布阵，这支小部队用几分钟的时间就将几乎全部英军杀死或俘虏。

　　161.The Guilford Campaign, 1781. 161．吉尔福德战役（1781年）

　　Cornwallis now made a desperate attempt to capture the Americans, but Greene and Morgan joined forces and marched diagonally across North Carolina. 康沃利斯此时要做征服美国人的最后一搏，但是，格林和摩根会师并沿着斜跨北卡罗莱纳的方向前进，

　　Cornwallis followed so closely that frequently the two armies seemed to be one. 康沃利斯紧随其后，两军常常几乎首尾相见。

　　When, however, the river Dan was reached, there was an end of marching, for Greene had caused all the boats to be collected at one spot. 然而，当到达丹河时这种行军状态结束了，因为格林已经把所有的船只集中到一个地方，

　　His men crossed and kept the boats on their side of the river. 他的部队过了河并将船保留在他们这一面。

　　Soon Greene found himself strong enough to cross the river again to North Carolina. 不久，格林觉得自己有足够的实力再次过河去北卡罗莱纳，

　　He took up a very strong position near Guilford Court House. 他在吉尔福德县府占据一个非常有利的位置。

　　Cornwallis attacked. The Americans made a splendid defense³ before Greene ordered a retreat, and the British won the battle of Guilford. 康沃利斯发起攻击，美军打了一场精彩的保卫战，随后，格林下令撤退，英军获得吉尔福德战役的胜利，

　　But their loss was so great that another victory of the same kind would have destroyed the British army. 但损失惨重，如果再有这样的一次战斗，他们会损失殆尽。

　　As it was, Greene had dealt it such a blow that Cornwallis left his wounded at Guilford and set out as fast as he could for the seacoast. 这样的战斗果然重现，格林的进攻如此迅猛，以至于康沃利斯丢下在吉尔福德的伤兵拼命向海岸方向逃窜。

　　Greene pursued him for some distance and then marched southward to Camden. 格林追击了一段路程，随后南下直奔卡姆登。

1 survivors   

幸存者，残存者，生还者( survivor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The survivors were adrift in a lifeboat for six days. 幸存者在救生艇上漂流了六天。
• survivors clinging to a raft 紧紧抓住救生筏的幸存者

2 militia   

n.民兵，民兵组织

参考例句：

• First came the PLA men,then the people's militia.人民解放军走在前面，其次是民兵。
• There's a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。

3 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。