美国学生历史 第54期:独立(3)

 　　162.Greene's Later Campaigns. 162．格林的后期战役

　　At Hobkirk's Hill, near Camden, the British soldiers who had been left behind by Cornwallis attacked Greene. 在卡姆登附近的蒿波克克山，被康沃利斯留下断后的英军士兵向格林的部队发起攻击，

　　But he beat them off and began the siege of a fort on the frontier of South Carolina. 但格林部队击溃了他们，并开始包围南卡罗莱纳前沿的一个堡垒。

　　The British then marched up from Charleston, and Greene had to fall back. 后来，英军从查理斯顿北上，格林不得不后撤，

　　Then the British marched back to Charleston and abandoned the interior of South Carolina to the Americans. 接着，英军回到查理斯顿并将南卡罗莱纳的腹地丢给美军。

　　There was only one more battle in the South-at Eutaw Springs. Greene was defeated there, too, but the British abandoned the rest of the Carolinas and Georgia with the exception of Savannah and Charleston. 在南方还有一次战争--尤陶斯普林斯之战；格林再次战败，但是，英军放弃了卡罗莱纳和佐治亚的其余地区。

　　In these wonderful campaigns with a few good soldiers Greene had forced the British from the Southern states. （塞文娜和查理斯顿除外）在这些精彩的战役中，格林用很少的士兵迫击来自南部各州的英军，

　　He had lost every battle. He had won every campaign. 他每次战斗都失败，但是他赢得了每一次战役的胜利。

　　163.Cornwallis in Virginia, 1781. 163．康沃利斯在弗吉尼亚（1781年）

　　There were already two small armies in Virginia,-the British under Arnold, the Americans under Lafayette. 在弗吉尼亚已经有两支小部队，一支是阿诺德领导的英军，一支是拉斐特领导的美军。

　　Cornwallis now marched northward¹ from Wilmington and added the troops in Virginia to his own force; Arnold he sent to New York. 此时，康沃利斯指挥部队从威名顿向北进发，他收编了弗吉尼亚的英军，将阿诺德派往纽约。

　　Cornwallis then set out to capture Lafayette and his men. 随后，康沃利斯指挥部队去夺取拉斐特和他的部队。

　　Together they marched from salt water across Virginia to the mountains-and then they marched back to salt water again. 拉斐特的部队从横穿弗吉尼亚的盐水河运动到山区，随后又返回到盐水河。康沃利斯的部队紧追不舍。

　　Cornwallis had called Lafayette "the boy" and had declared that "the boy should not escape him." 康沃利斯把拉斐特叫做"坏小子"，并扬言"一定会抓住他"，

　　Finally Cornwallis fortified² Yorktown, and Lafayette settled down at Williamsburg. And there they still were in September, 1781. 而最终结果是，康沃利斯在约克镇修筑堡垒，而拉斐特则驻军威廉斯堡，并且，到1781年9月他们彼此仍然是这个样子。

　　164.Plans of the Allies. 164．联盟计划

　　In 1780 the French government had sent over a strong army under Rochambeau. It was landed at Newport. 1780年法国政府派出洛克汉姆率领的一支强大军队在新港登陆，

　　It remained there a year to protect the vessels³ in which it had come from France from capture by a stronger British fleet that had at once appeared off the mouth of the harbor. 这支军队在新港驻守一年，其任务是保护从法国运送他们到美国的那些军舰，在新港入口处不远曾经突然出现过一支更加强大的英国舰队。

　　Another French fleet and another French army were in the West Indies. 另一支法国舰队和另一支法国陆军在西印度群岛作战，

　　In the summer of 1781 it became possible to unite all these French forces, and with the Americans to strike a crushing blow at the British. 1781年夏，出现了将所有这些法国军队联合起来的可能性，也出现了将这些与美军联合起来给英军以毁灭性攻击的可能。

　　Just at this moment Cornwallis shut himself up in Yorktown, and it was determined⁴ to besiege⁵ him there. 恰恰此时康沃利斯在约克郡休整，他们决定去约克郡包围康沃利斯。

1 northward   

adv.向北；n.北方的地区

参考例句：

• He pointed his boat northward.他将船驶向北方。
• I would have a chance to head northward quickly.我就很快有机会去北方了。

2 fortified   

adj. 加强的

参考例句：

• He fortified himself against the cold with a hot drink. 他喝了一杯热饮御寒。
• The enemy drew back into a few fortified points. 敌人收缩到几个据点里。

3 vessels   

n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人

参考例句：

• The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

4 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

5 besiege   

vt.包围，围攻，拥在...周围

参考例句：

• The Afghan air force was using helicopters to supply the besieged town.阿富汗空军正用直升机向被围城镇提供补给。
• She was besieged by the press and the public.她被媒体和公众纠缠不休。