美国学生历史 第83期:最后一个联邦党政府(1)

 　　Chapter 21 第21章

　　The last federalist administration 最后一个联邦党政府

　　218. John Adams elected President, 1796. 218．约翰·亚当斯当选为总统（1796年）

　　In 1796 John Adams was the Federalist candidate for President. 1796年，约翰·亚当斯是联邦党的总统候选人，

　　His rival was Thomas Jefferson, the founder¹ and chief of the Republican party. 他的竞争对手是托马斯·杰斐逊，杰斐逊是共和党的创始人和首领。

　　Alexander Hamilton was the real leader of the Federalists, and he disliked Adams. 亚历山大·汉米尔顿是联邦党真正的领导人，他不喜欢亚当斯。

　　Thomas Pinckney was the Federalist candidate for Vice-President. 托马斯·平克尼是联邦党推出的副总统候选人，

　　Hamilton suggested a plan which he thought would lead to the election of Pinckney as President instead of Adams. 汉米尔顿提出一个计划，他认为这个计划的实施可以使得平克尼当选为总统，

　　But Hamilton's scheme did not turn out very well. 但是，汉米尔顿方案的操作并不完美，

　　For by it Jefferson was elected Vice-President. 结果杰斐逊当选为副总统，

　　Indeed, he came near being President, for he had only three less electoral votes than Adams. 实际上，杰斐逊差点就当选总统了，他与当选总统亚当斯仅有三票之差。

　　219. More Trouble with France. 219．更多与法国的麻烦

　　France was now (1796-97) governed by five chiefs of the Revolution, who called themselves "the Directory." 1796~1797年，法国由大革命的五位首领领导，他们自诩为"五人执政内阁"。

　　They were very angry when they heard of Jay's Treaty, for they had hoped that the Americans would make war on the British. 当听说《杰伊协定》时这些人非常生气，因为他们希望美国人与英国开战。

　　James Monroe was then American minister at Paris. 詹姆斯·门罗是当时美国在巴黎的外交使节，

　　Instead of doing all he could to smooth over this difficulty, he urged on the wrath² of the Directory. 他没有竭尽全力去消除困难，而是竭力煽风点火。

　　Washington recalled Monroe, and sent in his stead General Charles Cotesworth Pinckney of South Carolina. 华盛顿召回门罗，并派南卡罗莱纳的查理

　　The Directory promptly³ refused to receive Pinckney, and ordered him to leave France. 斯·科特沃斯·平克尼将军接任，但法国的领导者们迅速拒绝接受平克尼，并命令他离开法国。

　　News of this action of the Directory reached Philadelphia three days after Adams's inauguration⁴. 亚当斯宣誓就职后的第三天，关于法国领导人举动的消息传到了费城。

1 Founder   

n.创始者，缔造者

参考例句：

• He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
• According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说，罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。

2 wrath   

n.愤怒，愤慨，暴怒

参考例句：

• His silence marked his wrath. 他的沉默表明了他的愤怒。
• The wrath of the people is now aroused. 人们被激怒了。

3 promptly   

adv.及时地，敏捷地

参考例句：

• He paid the money back promptly.他立即还了钱。
• She promptly seized the opportunity his absence gave her.她立即抓住了因他不在场给她创造的机会。

4 inauguration   

n.开幕、就职典礼

参考例句：

• The inauguration of a President of the United States takes place on January 20.美国总统的就职典礼于一月二十日举行。
• Three celebrated tenors sang at the president's inauguration.3位著名的男高音歌手在总统就职仪式上演唱。