美国学生历史 第96期:杰斐逊政府(2)

 　　239. The Judiciary Act of 1801. 239．《司法法案》（1801年）

　　One of the last laws made by the Federalists was the Judiciary Act of 1801. 联邦党人最后制定的那些法律中有一个是1801年的《司法法案》，

　　This law greatly enlarged the national judiciary, and Adams eagerly seized the opportunity to appoint his friends to the new offices. 这部法律极力扩大国家司法制度的威严，亚当斯急于抓住这个机会任命他的朋友到新的岗位任职，

　　The Republican Congress now repealed¹ this Judiciary Act and "legislated² out of office" all the new judges. 此时，共和党的国会废止了这部法律，并将所有的新法官"依法逐出办公室"，

　　For it must be remembered that the Constitution makes only the members of the Supreme³ Court sure of their offices. 因为宪法仅仅准许最高法院的成员决定这些位子的归属，

　　Congress also got rid of many other Federalist officeholders by repealing⁴ the Internal Revenue Act. 国会还通过废止《国内贸易税法案》将许多其他联邦党人从位子上赶下来。

　　But while all this was done, Jefferson steadily⁵ refused to appoint men to office merely because they were Republicans. 但杰斐逊并不与此同时直接任命一些新人，因为他们都是共和党人。

　　One man claimed an office on the ground that he was a Republican, and that the Republicans were the saviors of the republic. 有人以共和党人身份及共和党人拯救了共和国为由，索要一个位子，

　　Jefferson replied that Rome had been saved by geese, but he had never heard that the geese were given offices. 杰斐逊这样回答："罗马曾经被一些鹅救过，但从未听说过有鹅被任命做什么官。"

1 repealed   

撤销，废除( repeal的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The Labour Party repealed the Act. 工党废除了那项法令。
• The legislature repealed the unpopular Rent Act. 立法机关废除了不得人心的租借法案。

2 legislated   

v.立法，制定法律( legislate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Congress has legislated a new minimum wage for workers. 国会制定了一项新的关于工人最低工资的法律。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Most member countries have already legislated against excessive overtime. 大多数成员国均已立法禁止超时加班。 来自辞典例句

3 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

4 repealing   

撤销，废除( repeal的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• In addition, repealing the alternative minimum tax would also help. 此外，废除替代性最低税也会有所帮助。
• Repealing the investment tax credit. 取消投资税款扣除。

5 steadily   

adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地

参考例句：

• The scope of man's use of natural resources will steadily grow.人类利用自然资源的广度将日益扩大。
• Our educational reform was steadily led onto the correct path.我们的教学改革慢慢上轨道了。