美国学生历史 第105期:1812年战争的原因(5)

 　　253. The Non-Intercourse¹ Act, 1809. 253．《互不交往法案》（1809年）

　　By this time the embargo² had become so very unpopular that it could be maintained only at the cost of civil war. 此时封港令已经非常不得人心，如果再执行封港令将可能导致内战，

　　Madison suggested that the Embargo Act should be repealed³, and a Non-Intercourse Act passed in its place. 麦迪逊建议废止《封港令法案》，并建议通过一个《互不交往法案》来代替它。

　　Congress at once did as he suggested. 国会立刻按照这个意思去办。

　　The Non-Intercourse Act prohibited commerce with Great Britain and with France and the countries controlled by France. 《互不交往法案》禁止与大不列颠、法国及法国控制国家的贸易，

　　It permitted commerce with the rest of the world. 但允许与世界上的其他国家的贸易往来，

　　There were not many European countries with which America could trade under this law. 按照这个法案，没有多少欧洲国家可以与美国进行贸易往来。

　　Still there were a few countries, as Norway and Spain, which still maintained their independence. 但是，仍然有一些欧洲国家例外，如挪威和西班牙，

　　And goods could be sold through them to the other European countries. 美国的货物要通过这两个国家运到其他欧洲国家。

　　At all events, no sooner was the embargo removed than commerce revived. 封港令一解除，贸易马上复苏，

　　Rates of freight were very high and the profits were very large, although the French and the British captured many American vessels⁴. 尽管法国人和英国人捕获了许多美国船只，但是运费高昂而且获益也非常大。

　　254. Two British Ministers. 254．两位英国大臣

　　Soon after Madison's inauguration⁵ a new British minister came to Washington. 麦迪逊宣誓就职后不久，英国派一名新的大臣来到华盛顿，

　　His name was Erskine, and he was very friendly. 他就是尔斯科尼，此人非常友好。

　　A treaty was speedily made on conditions which Madison thought could be granted. 英美签订一个基于麦迪逊认为可以接受的条件的条约。

　　He suspended non-intercourse with Great Britain, and hundreds of vessels set sail for that country. 麦迪逊中止了与大不列颠的不交流状态，数以百计的美国船只驶向英国。

　　But the British rulers soon put an end to this friendly feeling. 但英国的统治者很快就毁掉了这种友好情感，

　　They said that Erskine had no authority to make such a treaty. 他们说尔斯科尼没有权利签订这样一个条约，

　　They refused to carry it out and recalled Erskine. 拒绝接受这个条约，并召回尔斯科尼。

　　The next British minister was a person named Jackson. 第二个到美国的英国外交官是杰克森，

　　He accused Madison of cheating Erskine and repeated the accusation⁶. 他反复指责麦迪逊欺骗了尔斯科尼，

　　Thereupon Madison sent him back to London. 因此，麦迪逊将他赶回伦敦。

　　As the British would not carry out the terms of Erskine's treaty, Madison was compelled to prohibit all intercourse with Great Britain. 由于英国人不执行尔斯科尼的条约，麦迪逊被迫制止所有与英国的贸易往来。

1 intercourse   

n.性交；交流，交往，交际

参考例句：

• The magazine becomes a cultural medium of intercourse between the two peoples.该杂志成为两民族间文化交流的媒介。
• There was close intercourse between them.他们过往很密。

2 embargo   

n.禁运（令）；vt.对...实行禁运，禁止（通商）

参考例句：

• This country put an oil embargo on an enemy country.该国对敌国实行石油禁运。
• During the war,they laid an embargo on commerce with enemy countries.在战争期间，他们禁止与敌国通商。

3 repealed   

撤销，废除( repeal的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The Labour Party repealed the Act. 工党废除了那项法令。
• The legislature repealed the unpopular Rent Act. 立法机关废除了不得人心的租借法案。

4 vessels   

n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人

参考例句：

• The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

5 inauguration   

n.开幕、就职典礼

参考例句：

• The inauguration of a President of the United States takes place on January 20.美国总统的就职典礼于一月二十日举行。
• Three celebrated tenors sang at the president's inauguration.3位著名的男高音歌手在总统就职仪式上演唱。

6 accusation   

n.控告，指责，谴责

参考例句：

• I was furious at his making such an accusation.我对他的这种责备非常气愤。
• She knew that no one would believe her accusation.她知道没人会相信她的指控。